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Development of a Method for Testing Temperature Distribution During 3D Printing of Specimens with Application in Aerospace Industry
No full textAdditive manufacturing and 3D printing technologies are rapidly evolving and influencing changes in design, prototyping, engineering and manufacturing processes in various industries, including aerospace. In order to use 3D printing processes to produce parts with adequate and satisfactory mechanical properties for aircraft that are constantly exposed to extreme temperatures and environmental conditions, the temperature variations that occur must be taken into account. In this study, small-scale specimens of the thermoplastic polymer material polylactic acid (PLA) were printed using an FDM printer while a thermal imaging camera was used to record the temperature changes during the printing process. The aim was to determine the temperature changes during each step of the printing process of small specimens and to create a future model for testing the temperature distribution
COMPOSITE MATERIALS - CURRENT STATE OF STANDARDIZATION
Get PDFIn recent decades composite materials have become widely used across various industries, either alongside traditional materials or as complete replacements for conventional materials and technologies. This shift is attributed to several advantages they offer, such as low mass, chemical resistance, significant load-bearing capacity, strength, adaptability to modern construction principles, and utilisation of new technologies as additive manufacturing. The first composite materials were developed and patented in the late 19th and early 20th century. For more than a century, composites have seen significant progress in terms of types, properties, technologies, and various applications. Consequently, the need for standardized practices has emerged that can only be achieved through the establishment of standards and standardization processes. Both the International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) and the American Society for Testing
and Materials (ASTM) have dedicated technical committees and subcommittees focused on standards for composite materials. Each of these organisations has published approximately one hundred standards related to composites, covering terminology, properties, test methods, procedures, and more. The paper provides a concise historical overview of the development of composite materials and outlines fundamental types of composites. Additionally, it presents an analysis of the quantity and content of standards related to composites published by aforementioned standardization organisations. Statistical data regarding the publication of these
standards over time and by specific area are also presented. Conclusions have been drawn based on these analyses
SELECTION OF AN ALGORITHM FOR THE PREDICTION OF STOPPAGES AND/OR FAILURE OF EXCAVATION UNITS USING SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING
Get PDFThe paper presents research into the possibility of applying machine learning algorithms in the prediction of stoppages and/or failure of excavator units. Regression trees, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms were tested with different hyperparameter variations on the collected set of data on the causes and downtime of stoppages of the observed excavator units. The result indicates that the trained SVM algorithm with sufficient accuracy (MSE 0.106) can predict the stoppages of the observed excavator units. Further research is aimed at expanding the database and further improving the possibility of predicting the level of danger for various causes of stoppages and/or failure of the observed excavator units
SMARTMINER PROJECT AS A ROADMAP TO SMART, GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE MINING MACHINERY WORKPLACES
No full textRecent publications have acknowledged the many difficulties, concerns, and
problems facing the mining industry, as one of the oldest industries, still
encountered today, all of which require immediate attention. Through the
SmartMiner project, we are driven to suggest a variety of green digital
transformation strategies and solutions. By aligning advanced operator 14.0&5.0
and society S5.0 standards, project proposes novel concept which contains smart
solutions for raising the level of enviromnental quality in complex interactions
between physical, behavioral, and organizational processes field. It also proposes a
paradigm shift from pure technology to a Human and Data-Centric Engineering,
which can be easily transferred to other industries. Namely, mining machinery
operator and his enviromnent represent a set of complex interactions between
physical, psychosocial, and organizational factors and processes, which, if
mastered could lead to sustainable company performance and people-centric
smarter society. SmartMiner approach points out to operator's workplace micro
and macro enviromnent. Operator's MICRO enviromnent is represented by his
physical enviromnent - noise, human vibration, lighting, temperature, air quality,
workplace layout etc. Job stressors load, if sustained over time, produces adverse
effects such as health and safety problems and lack of performance. Operator's
MACRO enviromnent is determined by organizational contextual factors - safety
awareness, competence and communication on operational and managerial level,
organizational enviromnent dimensions, management support, risk judgment and
management reaction, safety precautions, accident prevention. Micro and micro
levels as physical processes layers are to be connected and balanced by real time
analytics - digital processes layers to fit high sustainability performance indicators
( economic, social, environmental etc.). After data collection on operators ( 460)
and managers (160) in surface mines, the structural equational modelling and
multicriteria decision aid methodologies are applied. Continuous monitoring and data acquisition on noise, whole body vibrations,
thermal stress, humidity, emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from
internal combustion engines, and indoor air quality (gases, particulate pollutants)
at operator's workplace through sensors, is also done. Finally, using the machine
learning tools and algorithms, the predictive optimization models will be
developed in aim to predict the level of each workplace pollution and safety
parameters and productivity assessment, in line with innovative context-specific
multi-sensorial mining machinery operator aid system, based on sensorial model
and sustained with the soft/management parameters measurement scales, in aim to
enable improvement and optimization of techno-economic, environmental and
societal aspects of a workplace, while maintaining the highest standards of safety
Comparison of Numerical Simulation Results and Experimental Measurements of Swirling Flow in the Pipe behind the Axial Fan Impeller
No full textThis is an extended abstract on two pages, published in the Booklet of Abstracts, 2nd International Conference on Mathematical Modelling in Mechanics and Engineering, Ed.: I. Atanasovska, Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
A CFD-Based Analysis of Bow Modification Influence on Ship Resistance and Energy Efficiency
No full textDifferent approaches can be applied in order to obtain reduction in the amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted by merchant ships every day. Those methods are divided into two groups, operational methods and technical methods. Regarding technical methods, improvement in ship design through bow retrofit is a possible solution for existing ships, whether by means of different bow shape (vertical stem, axe bow, bulbous bow...) or different bulb shape (Elliptical shape, Nabla shape, Delta shape). In this study, this technical method is assessed by analysing viscous, pressure and total resistance of a bulk carrier through a number of full-scale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The simulations were conducted for the original bulbous bow, three modified models with the previously mentioned different bulb shapes and for three versions of vertical bow stem. All simulations were conducted for speeds of 12kn, 14kn and 16kn at design draft (11m) and scantling draft (12.8m). The energy efficiency of the seven different hulls are analysed based on the results of CFD self-propulsion simulations and calculated Energy Efficiency of Existing Ship Index (EEXI)
WHO USES BIM INFORMATION?
No full textMost of the current efforts in the BIM sector are focused on the proper and complete structuring of all data on AECO (Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations) projects in order to provide all the necessary information. The ISO 19650-1 and ISO 7817 (Level of information need) standards state that attention should be paid to who, when, why and to what extent will use information. In doing so, only information relevant to the AECO sector is taken into account, while broader social needs are neglected. This problem has become more pronounced recently with the need to include in BIM models information that warns future users of possible dangers, as well as information relevant to regulatory bodies.
The paper outlines current initiatives to include information of importance to the wider community such as Golden thread of information and Regulatory Information Requirements. Existing studies on the possibility of including information on the ways of use and users of facilities in the BIM model are presented. These researches refer to areas such as building performance analysis and representation of the building use. Finally, new technologies such as IDS and ICDD are presented. The IDS is developed for the specification and verification of information requirements, and ICDD to support effortless access to archived documents. Both rely on metadata to define ways of using information. However, as both use natural language text for this purpose, the paper advocates the formalization of metadata that describes ways of using information
Integrity and Life in Emerging Architecture - Positioning the Architect in Continual Digital Design
No full textGuided by questions of contemporaries, leading to the question of integrity and durability of architecture, and by conclusions from recent conferences which advance architecture through digital approaches to designing and guiding architecture towards Artificial Intelligence (AI), we need to get back to the question on how to design in the future under multi-layered complex conditions and sustainability requirements of emerging architecture. Based on this, we conclude that the topic - Integrity of Architectural Objects is yet highly relevant, and this paper represents a continuation of research/ consideration of architectural spatiality as an activity of creativity and structural durability. The sense of careful and complex structural design as an example of a continual digital approach, e.g. a multi-layered network - joint effect of design and realisation of architecture is highlighted.
As digital design in architecture has proven to be elusive and occasionally uncontrollable without the meaningful participation of the architect, this paper highlights positioning of the architect as an important factor in solving integrity and durability challenges of emerging architecture.
Digital approaches in architecture are constantly developed and improved, and structural integrity and durability issues are becoming increasingly complex and serious, especially in relation to geometry/space design and sustainability, so architect’s knowledge involvement is inevitable and necessary in future data-driven design processes.
Positioning of the architect is based on expertise - activities and features, crucial in the process with identical characteristics, as the continuous development and improvement of knowledge, linking and anticipating all needs of the architectural process, the integrity and durability of architecture.
Additionally, knowledge will be meaningfully placed and integrated by positioning of the architect in society, in a critical attitude towards new technological achievements and re-examination of integrity and life of the structure in terms of sustainability and resilience of functional and spatial features of architecture.
The aim of the work is to show that knowledge as the main characteristic of the architect’s positioning in future design and realisation, is also the foundation for integrity and life in emerging architecture
Green Economy and Holistic Planning By Artificial Intelligence application
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is the main toolin the green economy development, as contemporary methodology
addressing environmental sustainabilitywith all opportunities, problems and challenges. This manuscript provides a
systematic overview of the advantages and drawbacks associated with AI deployment in green sectors. On the one
hand, IT such as machine learning, data analytics, and optimization algorithms offer immense potential to enhance
resource efficiency, optimize energy systems, and facilitate sustainable decision-making processes. By analyzing large
datasets and identifying patterns, AI can optimize energy consumption, streamline waste management, and accelerate
the transition to renewable energy sources with the goal of green economy. However, the widespread adoption of AI in
the green economy also raises concerns regarding data privacy, algorithmic bias, and job displacement. Additionally,
the energy-intensive nature of AI training and computing poses environmental challenges, potentially offsetting the
environmental benefits gained from its implementation. Therefore, while AI holds promise as a tool for advancing
environmental sustainability in the green economy, careful consideration of its implications is necessary to maximize
its positive impacts and mitigate potential risks