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Solving a real-world package delivery routing problem using quantum annealers
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © 2024. The Author(s).Research focused on the conjunction between quantum computing and routing problems has been very prolific in recent years. Most of the works revolve around classical problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem or the Vehicle Routing Problem. The real-world applicability of these problems is dependent on the objectives and constraints considered. Anyway, it is undeniable that it is often difficult to translate complex requirements into these classical formulations. The main objective of this research is to present a solving scheme for dealing with realistic instances while maintaining all the characteristics and restrictions of the original real-world problem. Thus, a quantum-classical strategy has been developed, coined Q4RPD, that considers a set of real constraints such as a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles, priority deliveries, and capacities characterized by two values: weight and dimensions of the packages. Q4RPD resorts to the Leap Constrained Quadratic Model Hybrid Solver of D-Wave. To demonstrate the application of Q4RPD, an experimentation composed of six different instances has been conducted, aiming to serve as illustrative examples.Peer reviewe
DIGITIZED EVALUATION FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
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I am RRI: Roles of responsible research and innovation keys in the additive manufacturing webs of innovation value chains and business
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2025 selection and editorial matter, André Martinuzzi, Florian Findler, and Alexander Graf. All rights reserved.This chapter deals with the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) approach of the European Union, which was developed under the "Science with and for Society - SwafS" in the H2020 research and innovation funding program 2014-2020. This chapter focuses on the introduction of RRI keys in the system of webs of innovation value chains for additive manufacturing and business. That research work was done under the H2020 project GA No. 788361 with the title "IAMRRI - Webs of Innovation Value Chains of Additive Manufacturing under Consideration of RRI." The implementation of RRI keys was investigated in the case of additive manufacturing (AM) and the options for RRI openings were studied for such an innovation system. This chapter analyzes and describes the different characteristics and role of the six RRI keys, which are gender equality, science education, ethics, public engagement, open access, and governance in AM. The insights gained from the IAMRRI project are the basis for the guidelines for decision-makers in innovation management. This chapter focuses on the implementation of an RRI orientation in business and innovation.Peer reviewe
Harnessing the Power of Large Language Models for Automated Code Generation and Verification
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.The cost landscape in advanced technology systems is shifting dramatically. Traditionally, hardware costs took the spotlight, but now, programming and debugging complexities are gaining prominence. This paper explores this shift and its implications, focusing on reducing the cost of programming complex robot behaviors, using the latest innovations from the Generative AI field, such as large language models (LLMs). We leverage finite state machines (FSMs) and LLMs to streamline robot programming while ensuring functionality. The paper addresses LLM challenges related to content quality, emphasizing a two-fold approach using predefined software blocks and a Supervisory LLM.Peer reviewe
Rubber Modified Ballasted Track Systems for Low Noise and Low Vibration
Get PDFBallasted railways are among the most commonly used forms of track infrastructure. However, their primary drawbacks include track stability issues due to ballast degradation over time, as well as increased noise levels and high maintenance costs. A novel low-noise and vibration railway ballast track design is needed to address these concerns. This paper presents an innovative solution developed within the European project LIAISON-HORIZON-CL5-2022-D6-02-06 framework that combines modified railway ballasted track systems with recycled tires, geosynthetics, low-height ballast walls, and noise barriers. The study investigates the use of recycled waste tire rubber chips to enhance shear modulus and mitigate vibrations within the ballast layer. Large-scale cyclic simple shear tests conducted on the rubber-mixed ballast material demonstrate improved shear modulus and damping ratio. Additionally, the paper briefly examines prototype testing and performance evaluations of the modified ballast wall arrangement in conjuPeer reviewe
Research Methodology for the Documentation and Analysis Phase of Industrial Architectural Heritage Preservation: The Case of “Nueva Cerámica de Orio”
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Notable shortcomings and difficulties can be identified along the cultural-heritage value chain that can result in missed opportunities with respect to vulnerable cultural and architectural heritage, especially in the case of industrial architectural heritage. Shortcomings have been observed in the early documentation stage, which constitutes the foundation for subsequent processes. The objective of this article is to respond to this issue by presenting a research methodology for the documentation and analysis phase and demonstrate its application to an industrial architectural complex: “Nueva Cerámica de Orio.” This article describes the detailed study of the existing documentation through cross-referencing data from various sources. The application of this methodology facilitated the establishment of a general understanding of the heritage asset and its characteristic, providing a solid base for the development of the value chain.Peer reviewe
Analysis of voltage dynamics within current control time-scale in a VSC connected to a weak AC grid via series compensated AC line
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)In this paper, an analytical approach is proposed to analyse the small-signal stability associated with the voltage dynamics of three paths within current control of a VSC connected to a weak AC grid via series compensated AC line: the PLL, active damping and virtual conductance loops. The basic control structure of the VSC is a cascade type based on PI controllers, where DC voltage and reactive current setpoints are used to drive the VSC terminal voltage change. Besides, active damping (AD) and virtual conductance (VC) filters are included to damp high and low frequency oscillations of terminal voltage, respectively. Different series compensation level (SCL) and AC grid stiffness values are considered while performing the analysis. The main design implications obtained through this analysis are the proposal of adequate values for PLL bandwidth according to a decreasing level of AC grid stiffness and suitable ratio values between AD and VC filter gains to ensure stability and good cross-impact, given a SCL value. The analysis is validated by means of simulations conducted in MATLAB® Simulink. The proposed analytical framework serves as a contribution to support a robust terminal voltage change mechanism within current control time-scale.Peer reviewe
Building energy performance metamodels for district energy management optimisation platforms
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © 2023 The AuthorsReactive control strategies lack the flexibility necessary to optimize the operational costs of buildings and district systems. To overcome this limitation and to enable the transition to model predictive control strategies (MPC), the development of dedicated control platforms and models is required. Predictive models for district systems management should provide supply and demand side integrated modelling, high accuracy, generalization capacity and reduced computational times. However, traditionally available MPC solutions do not meet these requirements as simplified models offer short computational times but lack the required accuracy; detailed physics-based models provide satisfactory generalization but at the expense of high computational costs; and the generalization capacity of data models is constrained by the quality and availability of data. In contrast, metamodels developed through the combined use of physics-based models and machine learning techniques offer a powerful alternative at reduced computational cost. This paper describes an upgraded Integrated District Model concept developed through co-simulation coupling metamodels of buildings with a district heating infrastructure Modelica model. Furthermore, the process to produce the metamodels and optimization engine required to generate demand flexibility optimization functionalities for the buildings of the Stepa Stepanovic subnetwork (Belgrade) is depicted. Starting from the development of metamodels of instances of specific buildings (residential and educational use) the process was expanded to provide additional generalization to define, (1) a generic metamodel with the capacity to reproduce the behaviour of any instance of building of the residential typology, and (2) metamodels with generalization capacity in relation to operational settings. As part of this process the potential of several machine learning algorithms (e.g Support Vector Machines, etc) was evaluated including the latest ensemble boosting methods (e.g. Adaboost, Gradient Boosting and Extreme Gradient Boosting) with comparatively low use in the building simulation community. Finally, a virtual test bed consisting in metamodels coupled to an optimization engine based on genetic algorithms, was implemented, and compared to a traditional Physics-based model MPC solution (EnergyPlus-GENOPT), to evaluate the potential of the developed building level optimization functionalities. The metamodels and optimization engine were able to reproduce the optimized settings identified by the EnergyPlus-GENOPT MPC solution with cost savings potentials of 5–10%.Peer reviewe
Conceptualising a Benchmarking Platform for Embedded Devices
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 University of Split, FESB.In the current era, a notable presence of data-generating devices is being witnessed which spans across various sectors like industries, healthcare or smart cities. The diversity of options in the market pose a significant challenge for companies facing the task of selecting the most suitable embedded devices for their specific needs in their particular environments. Several benchmarking solutions have been conducted to overcome this barrier. Nevertheless, generally, they are ad-hoc solutions for a given experiment, which makes it impossible to extrapolate the results to future scenarios. To address this uncertainty and facilitate informed decision-making, this paper presents the conceptualization of a modular and extensible benchmarking platform. This platform has been designed to adapt to the changing dynamics of the market and the specific needs of users. Its modular and extensible approach allows companies to assess and select integrated devices more efficiently, while providing the necessary flexibility to address new and diverse situations.Peer reviewe