Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
Not a member yet
2546 research outputs found
Sort by
miRNA expression differentiation induced by polyploidization in newly formed triploids of black poplar
Get PDFDuring whole genomic duplication (WGD) events, micro RNAs (miRNAs) are involved in stabilization of chromatin and genome and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this study, a newly induced triploid group of hybrids between sect. Tacamahaca and sect. Aigeiros in Populus, was characterized for genome-wide miRNA expression after WGD. Seven miRNA libraries (male parent, female parent, group of triploid offspring’s, group of diploid offspring, and three triploid individuals) were constructed and variation of miRNA expression from diploid parents to triploid offspring’s as well as distinction between triploid and diploid offspring were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 240 miRNAs were predicted including 187 known miRNAs and 53 novel miRNAs. 81.25% of miRNAs in triploid offspring were non-additively expressed in which 52.31% were down-regulated. A novel miRNA with 24nt in length choosing adenine as its first base was found in triploid offspring group suggesting its potential role in regulation of DNA methylation after WGD. A total of 18 novel miRNAs were specifically expressed in the library of triploid group. Targeted genes of different expressed miRNAs in three comparison sets (triploid offspring group vs female parent, male parent, and diploid offspring group) were all enriched in ADP binding (GO: 0043531; FDR < 0.05). KEGG enrichment pathway of all three comparison sets was plant-pathogen interaction. This study revealed an essential role of miRNAs involving in epigenetic regulation after WGD in poplar and provided a good model for further studies of polyploidization advantages in woody plant
Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 50(4), 2022
No full textThe papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 3, Volume 50, 2022 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanism of salinity stress tolerance in plants; Insights into the functional role of tea microbes on tea growth, quality and resistance against pests and diseases; Cloning and function analysis of DlWRKY9 gene in longan (Dimocarpus longan); miRNA expression differentiation induced by polyploidization in newly formed triploids of black poplar; A protocol specialized for microbial DNA extraction from living poplar wood; Global identification and functional prediction of cold-related lncRNAs in eggplant; Effect of pre-harvest application of salicylic acid, potassium silicate, and calcium chloride, on storability and quality attributes of table grape; Efficient micropropagation protocol of three cultivars of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)
Yield, quality and enzyme activity of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) grown on different agricultural wastes
Get PDFIn this study, it was aimed to investigate cultivation of Lentinula edodes by using different agricultural wastes (oak sawdust, poplar sawdust, wheat stalk, peanut shell, corncob and vine pruning waste) and to determine the most suitable growing mixture/mixtures. For this purpose, 12 growing mixtures were tested. Within the scope of the experiment, besides measurement of yield and quality parameters of mushrooms, properties of agricultural wastes and enzyme activities (laccase and cellulase) of mixtures at different periods were measured. Based on results of the study, the highest and lowest amounts of nitrogen were obtained from after harvest (1.71%) and after sterilization (1.34%) periods, respectively. While the highest amount of carbon was at the after-sterilization period (46.6%), the lowest amount was recorded at the after harvest (45.64%) period. The fastest and slowest mycelia development time was observed in A7 (21.67 days) and A4 (50 days) mixtures, respectively. While the highest yield was determined in A5 (299.59 g kg-1) mixture, A9 (55.99 g kg-1), A6 (65.59 g kg-1) and A11 (75.47 g kg-1) gave the lowest results. While the highest biological activity rate was recorded in A3 (93.65 %) and A5 (92.90%), the lowest was observed in A11 (21.45%), A6 (19.85%) and A9 (19.22%) mixtures. The highest and lowest protein amounts were determined in the A5, A7 and A10, A9 and C mixtures, respectively. The highest cellulase and laccase activities were found in A3 (3.16 IU g-1) and A7 (2164.48 U g-1), respectively
Combined use of compost, compost tea, and vermicompost tea improves soil properties, and growth, yield, and quality of (Allium cepa L.)
Get PDFLiquid organic fertilizers are organic solutions that are a valuable choice for sustainable agriculture. In addition, these organic forms play a significant role, in integrated waste management strategies. In this study, a one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlations and principal component analysis were performed on all traits, to compare the responses of sole application of compost, compost tea, vermicompost tea and their combinations on growth, yield of Allium cepa and on soil properties. The results showed that, in most cases with fertilizers treatments, the soil pH, CaCO3 and bulk density were decreased, while soil organic matter, total N, available P and K were increased. A mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost had more desirable effect on plant height, leaves number, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight. Therefore, application of 50% compost tea and 50% vermicompost tea, it is possible to achieve an acceptable total bulb yield ton/ha, total soluble solids %, and dry matter %. While, available P, K in soil and P % in plant were raised when plants treated with teas sole or combined with compost 50%. Using a mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost tea, was a higher nutrient concentration and had a significant impact on onion plants productivity, and on soil properties
Elucidating the role of melatonin or sugar beet pulp pellet in physiological improvement characteristics and promoting the growth of Moringa oleifera under lead stress
No full textPot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of root and foliar uptake of Pb on Moringa oleifera plants. The levels of Pb used in the experiments were 100 and 400 ppm Pb. The lead application affected the growth, photosynthetic pigment, carbohydrates, proline, oxidative stress biomarkers, mineral contents, and Pb accumulation in Moringa plants. The growth parameters, chlorophyll, Na, K, and Ca content declined in the case of soil or foliar Pb application. The foliar lead application revealed a more negative effect on the growth of moringa plants than the soil application. However, Pb-stressed moringa plants increased carbohydrates, proline, H2O2, MDA, electrolyte leakage, Pb, and Mg content. In addition, the possible role of melatonin (MEL) and sugar beet pulp pellets (SBP) in ameliorating lead toxicity and enhancement of phytoremediation was investigated. It was found that supplemental addition of MEL or SBP increases the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proline, and minerals compared to stressed moringa plants. Moreover, a decrease in hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage was observed under MEL and SBP treatments. The ameliorating effect of SBP was more pronounced than that of MEL. Furthermore, MEL application enhanced the phytoremediation capacity of moringa plants
Antioxidant activity of mustard green and Thai rat-tailed radish grown from cold plasma treated seeds and their anticancer efficacy against A549 lung cancer cells
No full textLung cancer is Thailand's second-highest cause of mortality. Mustard green (MG) and rat-tailed radish (RTR) 7-day-old microgreens were previously shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HepG7 cells. However, both plants have yet to be tested on A549 lung cancer cells. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of MG and RTR plants grown from cold plasma treated seeds at different early growth periods and their anticancer activities against A549 lung cancer cells. Plant seeds primed with cold plasma at 21 kV (for MG) and 19 kV (for RTR) for 5 min were grown on vermiculite for 14, 21 and 28 days. Results showed that RTR-P and MG-P (plasma-treated seeds) showed significantly higher ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant phosphomolybdate activity than RTR-C and MG-C (control seeds). Highest cytotoxicity (Emax) of 95.41% against A549 cells was found in MG-P of 14 days at 72 h exposure with IC50 value of 67.11 µg/mL. Lower IC50 of 30.93 µg/mL was found in RTR-P of 14 days at 72 h exposure and Emax of 93.38%. MG-P and RTR-P had significantly more pronounced effects on apoptosis and migration-related gene expressions (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, p21, MMP-9 and cyclin D1) and also protein expressions (caspase-3, cytochrome c and p21). The RTR-P extract was more cytotoxic and antiproliferative than MG-P in human lung cancer cells. Cold plasma played a key role in enhancing cytotoxicity in these two plants with improved chemopreventive benefits for consumers
Seed fixed oil content, oil yield, and fatty acids profile of Nigella sativa L. in response to fertilization and plant density
No full textThe current study aimed to assess the impacts of fertilization and plant density on fixed oil content, oil yield, and fatty acids profile of Nigella sativa L. under Mediterranean environment. The 3-year experiment was set up in a split-plot design with three replications, two main plots (plant densities: 200 and 300 plants m-2) and four sub-plots (fertilization treatments: control, seaweed compost, farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer). The seed yield, fixed oil content, as well as the fixed oil yield were positively affected by the increase of available nitrogen and negatively by the increase of plant density, with their highest values recorded in the low-density and inorganic fertilization. Regarding the composition in fatty acids, it was found that with the increase of plant density there was a decrease in saturated (SAFA: myristic, palmitic and stearic acid) and polyunsaturated (PUFA: linoleic, α-linolenic and eicosadenoic acid) fatty acids, while there was an increase in oleic acid which was the only monounsaturated fatty acid detected in fixed oil. In terms of fertilization, the organic fertilizers were the ones that contributed positively to the content of the respective fatty acid. As a conclusion, plant densities greater than 200 plants m-2 result in lower seed yield, fixed oil content and yield, whereas the effect of inorganic fertilization was equally important in seed and fixed oil yield; however, when the seed and/or its fixed oil are utilized for their high medicinal and nutritional value, the application of compost is indicated, resulting in a significant increase in the content of PUFAs, characterized for their beneficial effects on human health
Combining ability and heterosis for fiber color and quality in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
No full textThe interest in organic cotton (colored) has been increased due to high contamination and environmental pollution during fabric dying process. However, detailed studies are needed to determine the genetic and yield related traits. Eight different cotton genotypes (3 green, 3 brown and 2 white) with known fiber color values were used in the current study to record combining ability and heterosis for fiber colour and quality traits. An 8×8 half diallel hybrid population containing 28 F1 hybrids was analysed in the experimental area of GAP Agricultural Research Institute, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. The study including parents and hybrids was established in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main aim was to examine the genetic structure for studied traits in the populations developed and detecting F1 hybrid vigour. Finding appropriate parent and hybrid combinations for breeding studies was the second major aim of the study. Sufficient variations were noted for the studied traits in hybrid population formed. Genetic parameters such as general and special compatibility abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis values were recorded in the formed population. Fiber length (mm), fiber fineness (micronaire), fiber strength (g tex-1), fiber uniformity (%), fiber color values L* (brightness), a* (red-greenness) and b* (yellow-blueness) values were recorded. It was noted that additive genetic effects were important for fiber length, fiber fineness, fiber strength, L*, a* and b* traits
Effect of Pectimorf on the rooting ability, and morpho-physiological trials of national cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) under different substrates
Get PDFCocoa is an economical cash crop that is formerly planted worldwide. Cuttings are a method of vegetative propagation suitable for maintaining desirable characteristics in cocoa trees. A greenhouse experiment was performed to evaluate the optimal concentrations of Pectimorf® (0, 10, 50, and 100 mg L-1) for rooting ability and seedling establishment as well as some physiological trials of 4 months EETP-800 national cocoa cuttings grown under two different substrates (S1: 80% soil + 20% sand and S2: 70% soil + 20% sand + 10% rice husk). The data showed that in most cases there are no significant differences in vegetative growth and root characteristics as well as gas exchange parameters between the two substrates. On the other hand, the application of Pectimorf® concentration enhanced all tested traits compared to untreated plants. The most effective in this regard was 100 mg L-1, that giving the highest value of all trials. As for the interaction effect, the result also shows that the application of Pectimorf® concentration in special at 100 mg L-1 among two substrates had an additive effect on plant growth, gas exchange, and survival percentage compared to non-treated cuttings. The application of 100 mg L-1 Pectimorf® with S2 substrate produced stronger seedlings with a higher survival percentage. This protocol can be used commercially for cocoa propagation commercially
Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanism of salinity stress tolerance in plants
Get PDFSalinity is considered a global threat to agriculture and causes a significant reduction in crop yield. In particular, salinity stress promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and ionic imbalance in cells, leading to oxidative stress and even cell death. A large number of genes which are involved in defense, hormone, carbohydrate and metabolic pathways are down-regulated under salinity stress. Plants respond to salinity stress through a series of physiological and molecular mechanisms including antioxidant enzymes, hormones, defense related genes and signaling pathway activation. Plant defense systems modulate the overproduction of ROS through the activation of stress responsive-genes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and glutamine synthetase (GS) and transcription factors such as MYBs, WRKY, and ERF. The salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway is potentially involved in salt stress tolerance. SOS1, SOS3 and SOS2 are required for the oxidative stress tolerance by reducing the uptakes, and inter-cellular and intra-cellular distribution of Na+ and Cl−. This review discusses the discovery of stress-responsive genes and signaling pathways, and summarizes the research progress on the regulatory mechanisms of salinity stress tolerance in plants, which will help accelerate breeding programs for salinity stress tolerance