Applied Science and Biotechnology Journal for Advanced Research
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Strategy Relate to Congestion Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Get PDFNumerous sensor nodes make up a wireless sensor network, and when an event occurs, these nodes become active transmitters, increasing data flow. Congestion arises as a result of a high data transmission volume and limited bandwidth. This causes packets to be delayed or even dropped, wasting the node\u27s energy. To control traffic at a reasonable level, a congestion control plan is required. The performance metrics, benefits, and drawbacks of cross-layer based techniques, as well as network, transport, and data link layer techniques, are reviewed in this study
Etiological Diagnosis and Correlation of Chromoblastomycosis with Climatic Variables of Weather Stations in Villa Clara, Cuba
Get PDFIn Villa Clara province, Cuba, microorganisms and climatic conditions coexist for the development of the infectious entity chromoblastomycosis. Besides, there is a high percentage of agricultural and handicraft workers exposed to acquiring this infection. The objective of the research consisted in describing the etiological diagnosis and correlating chromoblastomycosis with average climatic variables of the meteorological stations located in Villa Clara. Between 2018-2022, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 25 patients diagnosed with chromoblastomycosis by anatomopathological and microbiological studies. Absolute frequencies were used as a summary measure, and for correlation with climatic data from the five meteorological stations, inferential statistics. Of the total number of patients, 92% were diagnosed by anatomopathological studies and only 2/8% had mycological studies, in which the species Fonsecaea pedrosoi was isolated. There was a significant correlation between mean temperature (p=0.045) and mean predicted wind (p=0.028) and the number of cases. This was not the case with relative air humidity (p>0.05). It is concluded that in Villa Clara province, only the etiological agent F. pedrosoi was the cause of the disease during the period studied, with a significant relationship between the disease and the average climatic variables mean temperature and mean predicted wind
Prevalence of Fasciola Infection in Cattle- Ready- for -Slaughtering at some Abattoirs in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria
Get PDFFascioliasis is one of the most prevalent and economically significant parasitic illnesses of domestic animals, particularly cattle, sheep, goats, and man. It is particularly widespread in countries with heavy cattle production especially places with low interest in vector-related diseases. Therefore, the study was designed to investigate the prevalence of this parasitic disease among the cattle slaughtered in the selected abattoirs in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty (250) faecal samples were collected from the rectum of the slaughtered cattle. The samples were analyzed using the Formol-ether Concentration technique. Also, post mortem examination of the liver and other organs of the slaughtered cattle (250) at the abbattior were also examined for Fasciola infestation. The data were were analyzed with Chi-square at 5% level of significance using SPSS. It was observed that 77 (30.8%) were positive to fascioliasis out of the 250 slaughtered cattle examined. The prevalence of the infection based on the sex of the cattle was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.001).The percentage of fascioliasis depending on the breed of the cattle was observed to be lowest (25%) in Sokoto Gudali and highest (33.33%) in White Fulani. The analysis implied that there was a strong association between infection and cattle breeds. Prevalence of fascioliasis based on the estimated age of animals was not statistically significant however; animals aged 3 years and 6 months had the highest percentage (54.1%) while those within 2 years and 6 months had no cases of fascioliasis. Fascioliasis is an endemic illness in the study area among cattle slaughtered for consumption. This suggests the possibility of human infestation through consumption especially when it is under-processed. The need for health policy to ensure slaughtering of healthy cattle become important to ensure safe public health especially through consumption of meat. Also, public health intervention through mass vaccination of cattle, education of cattle farmers and introduction of veterinary inspectors at the point of slaughter is important in controlling Fascioliasis
Effects of Halophilic Bacteria\u27s Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) on Human Health
Get PDFThe need for polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) generation from fish oil and plants has increased with the rise in health consciousness. PUFAs are extremely advantageous for human health and have a positive influence on heart and brain function. Humans cannot generate PUFAs on their own because they are essential fatty acids, so they must get them from their food. PUFAs are long-chain hydrocarbons with multiple double bonds that have methyl and carboxyl groups at opposite ends. The focus is mostly on halophiles due to the desire for PUFAs that can be produced at low cost, practically, and without risk, as well as the problem of contaminated fish oil and the need to prevent the exploitation of plants and marine life. High-salinity environments are ideal for halophilic bacteria. They are capable of withstanding salt concentrations of up to 30% and 1.7% (0.3 m) (5.1 m). Halophiles are effective at producing PUFAs on a large scale. In addition to resolving the problem of fish-derived PUFAs, which is a problem for the majority of vegans, switching from fish-derived PUFAs to microbial PUFAs has the potential to be a revolutionary and entirely sustainable solution. Eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), which are obtained from halophilic bacteria, will be produced, characterized, and discussed in this article along with their comparison to PUFAs derived from fish and plants
Mathematical Machine Readable Authentication Protocols for Network Security
Get PDFSince the International Civil Aviation Organization created standards that allow passports to store biometric identification, electronic passports have been widely and quickly embraced throughout the world. The use of biometrics for identification has the potential to improve people\u27s quality of life and make the world a safer place to live in. By more precisely identifying a person, biometric passports are meant to stop travelers from entering a nation illegally and to reduce the use of fake documents. This article examines the biometric e-passport design for the face, fingerprint, palmprint, and iris. This article focuses on the personal security and privacy of e-passport holders, as well as the actual security benefits that governments have gained from the use of face, fingerprint, palmprint, and iris recognition technology in e-passports. Researchers looked at the facial fingerprint, palmprint, and iris biometrics now utilized with e-passports as well as the key cryptographic elements and supporting procedures. The report also offers a security evaluation of the e-passport\u27s use of face fingerprint, palmprint, and iris biometrics, which are meant to increase security by safeguarding the ePassport holder\u27s biometric data
Analysis of Environmental Context using Multivariate Techniques
Get PDFUnder ideal analysis settings, the measurement of emission from laser-induced plasma offers a unique capacity for quantifying the major and minor elements present in any kind of sample. Chemometric techniques are extremely efficient and trustworthy tools for determining the quantities of several components in complicated matrices. For the investigation of environmental reference materials, the viability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in conjunction with multivariate analysis (RMs) was examined. Several (Certified/Standard) References Materials of plant and soil origin were examined using LIBS in the current work, and the presence of Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, K, Mn, and Si was detected in the LIBS spectra of these materials. Using the LIBS spectral data, partial least square regression and partial least square discriminant analysis were used as multivariate statistical techniques for the quantitative study of the constituent elements. To verify the accuracy of the calibration models, the concentrations of the various components in test samples were predicted using the calibration models, and the predicted concentrations were then compared to the certified concentrations. The results of two RMs by LIBS were also compared using the non-destructive analytical technique known as Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), which makes use of high-flux reactor neutrons and high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy
Framework for the Development of an Enhanced Machine Learning Algorithm for Non-Cognitive Variables Influencing Students’ Performance using Feature Extraction
Get PDFMachine learning is a powerful tool for creating computational models in scientific analysis in areas where there is need to extract hidden data such as educational data. In order to make planning easier and identify at-risk students who may be in danger of failing or dropping out of school due to their academic performance, Educational Data Mining (EDM) uses computational tools. In this paper, a framework using machine learning approach was proposed to develop an enhanced algorithm for non-cognitive variables influencing students’ performance using feature extraction. In the framework, the Decision Tree (DT) and Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) are proposed as base classifiers, and Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting (GB) as ensemble classifiers. The DT classifier allows the classification process to be modelled as a series of hierarchical decisions on the features, forming a tree-like structure. Using this technique, planning and predicting students who might be at-risk of dropping out would have been made easier
Dilemma to Dominance: Decoding the Evolution of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry - A Case Study
Get PDFThe Indian pharmaceutical industry has undergone a significant evolution, transitioning from a domestically-focused sector to a global powerhouse. Initially, Indian pharmaceutical companies primarily catered to domestic healthcare needs. However, with the implementation of economic reforms in the 1990s, the industry witnessed rapid growth and expanded into international markets. The Indian pharmaceutical industry has experienced a remarkable transformation, establishing itself as a global leader in the production and export of generic drugs. The industry has demonstrated superior growth performance, making it one of the fastest-growing sectors worldwide. Productivity levels and innovation play a significant role in determining competitiveness, and the Indian pharmaceutical industry has shown impressive capabilities in these areas. Government policies have been instrumental in driving the industry\u27s self-sufficiency and internationalization. The establishment of public sector pharmaceutical enterprises and the introduction of intellectual property regulations, pricing control, and research and development (R&D) support have propelled the industry\u27s growth.
This case study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the journey of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, exploring its growth, challenges, and the dilemma it faces in balancing innovation and affordability. By examining the sector\u27s perspective, challenges, and identified dilemmas, this case study aims to equip readers with a comprehensive understanding of the industry. The case delves into the journey and challenges faced by the Indian pharmaceutical industry. It investigates the industry\u27s growth, the perspective of Indian pharmaceutical companies, the challenges they encounter, and the identified dilemmas. The case also provides teaching notes and objectives to enhance the readers\u27 knowledge and decision-making skills within the pharmaceutical industry
Study and Analysis on Heavy Metals of Physico-Chemical in Industrial Effluent, River and Groundwater Quality
Get PDFSince water quality is closely tied to human well-being, it is an important criterion to research when the main objective is to achieve long-term development for humanity. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the quality of the spring water in Anger Gutie Town East Wollega, Oromia, Ethiopia. The materials were analyzed using six physico-chemical parameters. Considerations include temperature, pH, and total dissolved solids. Total Suspended Solid, Electrical conductivity, Turbidity), for four additional physico-chemical parameters (SiO2, NH3–N, Total hardness, and Dissolved oxygen) and eleven major chemical parameters (Al3+,Cr+6,Cu, Mn, Fe,K+,SO42, PO43, NO2‾–N, F , Cl) using standard procedures. These are the current suggested recommendations\u27 standards for drinking and irrigation water quality in oceans that were studied
Segmentation of Brain Tumor Analysis of Fuzzy C-Means and K-Means
Get PDFCurrently, the different algorithms for detecting tumor range and shape in brain MR images are being implemented and it is now possible to find out the degree of tumor with regard to the given tumor area. The information was gathered via research of various statistical analysis methods which are all based on those individuals who have been diagnosed with brain tumors, and then risk factors and symptoms that appear for all individuals diagnosed with brain tumors were discovered. The advancement of research in medicine day and night aims to provide modern therapeutic approaches. The surgeon physically examines this image in order to identify and diagnose brain tumors. However, this procedure accurately measures the stage and scale of the tumor and accurately distinguishes the stage of the tumor based on the location of the tumor. This dissertation employs k-means and fuzzy c-means algorithms to segment brain tumors and classify tumor cells using CNN (convolution neural network). This approach enables the accurate and reproducible segmentation of tumor tissue equal to manual segmentation. Additionally, it decreases research time and accurately determines the stage of tumor from a given region of tumor