Comptes Rendus Géoscience

C. R. Geoscience 350 (2018) 451
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Comptes Rendus Geoscience
www.sciencedirect .com
Publisher’s note
doi:10.1016/j.crte.2018.11.004
Salinity of the Archaean oceans from analysis of fluid inclusions in quartz. C. R. Geoscience, 350, 2018, 154–163
Bernard Martya, Guillaume Aviceb, David V. Bekaerta, Michael W. Broadleya
a Centre de recherches pétrographiques et géochimiques, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 15, rue Notre-Dame-des-Pauvres, 
54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
b California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, 
CA 91125, USA
Corresponding author: B. Marty; bernard.marty@univ-lorraine.fr
The publisher regrets that the above article, destined for this thematic issue, was inadvertently published in an earlier 
issue. This article can be accessed using the following link 10.1016/j.crte.2017.12.002; in the printed issue of the journal, 
it is reproduced in the following pages.
To cite this article, please use the reference of its original release / Pour citer cet article, merci d’utiliser la référence 
de sa première parution : Bernard Marty, Guillaume Avice, David V. Bekaert, Michael W. Broadley, 2018. Salinity 
of the Archean oceans from analysis of fl uid inclusions in quartz (Petrology, Geochemistry). C. R. CRAS2A 350/4, 154-163.
Editor’s Note
This paper has been invited in the frame of a dossier gathering contributions by 2016 and 2017 laureates of the prizes 
of the ‘Académie des sciences’. Bernard Marty was the recipient of the Dolomieu Prize of the ‘Bureau des recherches 
géologiques et minières’. The paper was reviewed  by Marc Chaussidon and chief editor Vincent Courtillot.


Publisher's note

Denis Savoie

Géré par Vincent Courtillot

Usages astronomiques du gnomon au cours des siècles

Patricia Moreira-Turcq

Jhan Carlo Espinoza

Naziano Filizola

Jean-Michel Martinez

Volume 350 (2018) – Nos. 1–2 – January–February 
Cover illustration: Picture of the Amazon Basin taken by the MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) 
instrument aboard the ESA Envisat spacecraft (source: European Space Agency)
• Foreword
Patricia Moreira-Turcq, Jhan Carlo Espinoza, Naziano Filizola and Jean-Michel Martinez  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
• Spatio-temporal monitoring of suspended sediments in the Solimões River (2000–2014)
Raul Espinoza-Villar, Jean-Michel Martinez, Elisa Armijos, Jhan-Carlo Espinoza, Naziano Filizola, 
Andre Dos Santos, Bram Willems, Pascal Fraizy, William Santini and Philippe Vauchel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
• Purus River suspended sediment variability and contributions to the Amazon River from satellite data 
(2000–2015)
Andre Luis Martinelli Real dos Santos, Jean Michel Martinez, Naziano Pantoja Filizola Jr., Elisa Armijos 
and Luna Gripp Simões Alves  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
• Retrieval of suspended sediment concentrations using Landsat-8 OLI satellite images in the Orinoco River 
(Venezuela)
Santiago Yepez, Alain Laraque, Jean-Michel Martinez, Jose De Sa, Juan Manuel Carrera, Bartolo 
Castellanos, Marjorie Gallay and Jose L. Lopez  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
• A fi eld study of the confl uence between Negro and Solimões Rivers. Part 1: Hydrodynamics and sediment 
transport
Carlo Gualtieri, Naziano Filizola, Marco de Oliveira, Andrè Martinelli Santos and Marco Ianniruberto  . . . 31
• A fi eld study of the confl uence between Negro and Solimões Rivers. Part 2: Bed morphology and 
stratigraphy
Marco Ianniruberto, Mark Trevethan, Arthur Pinheiro, Joao Fernando Andrade, Elton Dantas, Naziano 
Filizola, André Santos and Carlo Gualtieri  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Thematic issue
Rivers of the Andes and the Amazon Basin: Deciphering global change from the 
hydroclimatic variability in the critical zone
On invitation of the Editorial Board 
• Dynamics of fl oodplain lakes in the Upper Amazon Basin during the late Holocene
Isabel Quintana-Cobo, Patricia Moreira-Turcq, Renato C. Cordeiro, Keila Aniceto, Alain Crave, 
Pascal Fraizy, Luciane S. Moreira, Julia Maria de Aguiar Duarte Contrera and Bruno Turcq  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
• Variation of the isotopic composition of dissolved organic carbon during the runoff cycle in the Amazon River 
and the fl oodplains
Patrick Albéric, Marcela A.P. Pérez, Patricia Moreira-Turcq, Marc F. Benedetti, Steven Bouillon and 
Gwenaël Abril  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
• Temporal variability and annual budget of inorganic dissolved matter in Andean Pacifi c Rivers located along a 
climate gradient from northern Ecuador to southern Peru
Jean-Sébastien Moquet, Jean-Loup Guyot, Sergio Morera, Alain Crave, Pedro Rau, 
Philippe Vauchel, Christelle Lagane, Francis Sondag, Casimiro Waldo Lavado, Rodrigo Pombosa 
and Jean-Michel Martinez  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76


Rivers of the Andes and the Amazon Basin: Deciphering global change from the hydroclimatic variability in the critical zone

Isabelle Manighetti

André Michard

Omar Saddiqi

The West African Craton and its margins. Foreword

Ange Félix Nsanziyera

Hatim Lechgar

Said Fal

Mehdi Maanan

Aicha Oujaa

Hassan Rhinane

Handled by Isabelle Manighetti

Remote-sensing data-based Archaeological Predictive Model (APM) for archaeological site mapping in desert area, South Morocco

Sophie Godin-Beekmann

Paul A. Newman

Irina Petropavlovskikh

Volume 350 (2018) – No. 7 – November
Cover illustration: Group photograph of participants in the international symposium organized at the Del Duca 
Foundation in Paris, on  19–20 September 2017, celebrating the 30th Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol.
• Foreword
Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Paul A. Newman and Irina Petropavlovskikh   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
• The discovery of the Antarctic Ozone Hole
Pawan Kumar Bhartia and Richard D. McPeters   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
• Two decades of polar ozone research via airborne science investigations: Addressing a NASA mandate 
in atmospheric composition
Michael J. Kurylo   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
• Recent Arctic ozone depletion: Is there an impact of climate change?
Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Florence Goutail, Andrea Pazmino, Franck Lefèvre, Martyn P. Chipperfield, 
Wuhu Feng, Michel Van Roozendael, Nis Jepsen, Georg Hansen, Rigel Kivi, Kristof Bognar, 
Kimberley Strong, Kaley Walker, Alexandr Kuzmichev, Slava Khattatov and Vera Sitnikova   . . . . . . . . . . . 347
• The role and performance of ground-based networks in tracking the evolution of the ozone layer
Johannes Staehelin, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Martine De Mazière and Sophie Godin-Beekmann  . . . . . . . . 354
• Is global ozone recovering?
Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Michaela I. Hegglin, Neil Harris and Mark Weber   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
• Changes in water vapor and aerosols and their relation to stratospheric ozone
Karen H. Rosenlof  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
• Observing the atmospheric evolution of ozone-depleting substances
Stefan Reimann, James W. Elkins, Paul J. Fraser, Bradley D. Hall, Michael J. Kurylo, Emmanuel Mahieu, 
Stephen A. Montzka, Ronald G. Prinn, Matthew Rigby, Peter G. Simmonds and Ray F. Weiss   . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Thematic issue
30th Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol: From the safeguard of the ozone layer 
to the protection of the Earth’s climate
Guest Editors: Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Paul A. Newman, Irina Petropavlovskikh
• Twenty-fi ve years of spectral UV-B measurements over Canada, Europe and Japan: Trends and effects 
from changes in ozone, aerosols, clouds, and surface refl ectivity
Ilias Fountoulakis, Christos S. Zerefos, Alkiviadis F. Bais, John Kapsomenakis, Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, 
Nozomu Ohkawara, Vitali Fioletov, Hugo De Backer, Kaisa Lakkala, Tomi Karppinen and Ann R. Webb  . . . . . 393
• Future ozone in a changing climate
Ulrike Langematz   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
• The global search and commercialization of alternatives and substitutes for ozone-depleting substances
Stephen O. Andersen, Nancy J. Sherman, Suely Carvalho and Marco Gonzalez  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
• Montreal Protocol at 30: The governance structure, the evolution, and the Kigali Amendment
Tina Birmpili   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
• NASA’s contribution to ozone research and monitoring
Ken Jucks   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
• Ozone and climate governance: An implausible path dependence
Reiner Grundmann   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
• The way forward for Montreal Protocol science
Paul A. Newman   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442


30th anniversary of the Montreal Protocol: From the safeguard of the ozone layer to the protection of the Earth's climate

Stefan Reimann

James W. Elkins

Paul J. Fraser

Bradley D. Hall

Michael J. Kurylo

Emmanuel Mahieu

Stephen A. Montzka

Ronald G. Prinn

Matthew Rigby

Peter G. Simmonds

Ray F. Weiss

Handled by Paul A. Newman

Observing the atmospheric evolution of ozone-depleting substances

Carlo Gualtieri

Marco de Oliveira

Andrè Martinelli Santos

Marco Ianniruberto

Handled by François Chabaux

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The
C. R. Geoscience 350 (2018) 1–3
§
10.1
163eword
vers of the Andes and the Amazon Basin: Deciphering global
ange from the hydroclimatic variability in the critical zone§
The Critical Zone has been defined as the thin layer of
 continental surfaces extending from fresh bedrock and
 bottom of groundwater up to vegetation canopy, where
, rock, water, air, and living organisms interact
nwart et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2011). Despite the Critical
e’s importance to terrestrial life, it remains poorly
erstood. In this context, understanding the complex
ractions between physical, chemical, and biological
cesses of the Critical Zone requires long-term observa-
s (Anderson et al., 2012; Brantley et al., 2017), not only
ause different mechanisms have varying time frames,
 also because it is necessary to monitor its natural and
hropogenic evolution in response to global climate and
ironmental changes.
Today, several French regional environmental observa-
es carry out research and long-term monitoring of
erent compartments of the Critical Zone within the
AR network. The HYBAM Observation Service
w.so-hybam.org) is a critical zone observatory that
ults from a cooperation between France, Brazil, Peru,
ivia, Equator, Venezuela, and the Republic of the Congo,
ich collects and disseminates data on the hydrological,
imentary, and geochemical fluxes in the Amazon Basin,
ce 2003, at nearly 40 hydrometric stations distributed
 the Andean Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean. The
work also includes two stations in French Guiana and
 stations on the Congo and Orinoco Rivers, which all
ether contribute to an improved understanding of the
iability of continental flows to the tropical Atlantic
an. Due to these characteristics, HYBAM observatory is
 only observation system able to monitor the hydro-
ical extreme events in the whole Amazon Basin, to
asure its impacts on sedimentary and geochemical
es.
Since 2005, the HYBAM observatory organizes scientific
 technical meetings in different Amazonian countries.
 6th HYBAM scientific meeting, held in Cuzco, Peru, in
2015, gathered scientists interested in the studies of large
river basins.
The eight papers from the meeting selected for this
thematic issue address different questions related to the
great rivers and floodplain lakes. Several disciplines are
concerned: hydrology, remote sensing, sedimentology,
geomorphology, and geochemistry, showing the multidis-
ciplinary of large river basin studies.
In this issue, three papers are presented, using remote
sensing images to monitor suspended sediment transport
in rivers. The first one, by Espinoza-Villar et al. (2018, this
issue), is an important contribution about the transport of
the suspended sediments in the western Amazon basin.
The results point out the importance of sediment re-
suspension in floodplain lakes in the annual sediment
discharge balance of the Amazonas–Solimões River main-
stream system. The paper also puts in evidence the
efficiency of satellite data to assess river solid discharge
in large basins where conventional monitoring network
data are scarce. The second article, by Martinelli et al.
(2018, this issue), also investigates suspended sediment
transport using MODIS satellite images in a tributary of the
Amazon River basin showing complex hydraulic processes
such as backwater effects of the Solimões River main
stream. The authors used MODIS image time-series to
estimate a 16-year time series of suspended sediment
concentrations at the Purus River surface, making it
possible to estimate a mean annual sediment discharge
about 16106 tonyr1. The third article, by Santiago Yepez
et al. (2018, this issue) reports the relationships between
Lansat-8 satellite data and suspended sediment concen-
tration in the Orinoco River. The result shows the good
quality of the OLI sensor images as an efficient tool to
analyze the suspended sediment transport patterns along
the Orinoco River.
Two papers have focused their efforts on a better
understanding of the confluence zone of the Negro and
Solimões Rivers, both using different acoustic sensors. The
first one, by Gualtieri et al. (2018, this issue) studied the
hydrodynamic and sediment transport at the confluence.Thematic issue handled by François Chabaux, Associate Editor.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Comptes Rendus Geoscience
ww w.s c ien c edi r ec t . c om
016/j.crte.2018.01.0011-0713/C 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Académie des sciences.
Foreword / C. R. Geoscience 350 (2018) 1–32The results confirm that common hydrodynamic features
noted in previous confluence studies, such as stagnation
zone, velocity deflection and realignment zone, separation
region with recirculation, maximum velocity, and flow
recovery region, were observed herein. The authors point
out some differences between low-flow and high-flow
conditions about the transfer of momentum from the
Solimões to the Negro side of the Amazon Channel. The
second one, by Ianniruberto et al. (2018, this issue), puts in
evidence the bed morphology and stratigraphy within a
deep section of the largest river on Earth. The authors
identified in the Amazon several classic morphologic
features expected to be observed under natural confluence
zones, such as a stagnation, deposition, erosion, and
sedimentary bedforms on the Solimões side of the Amazon
River. They also put in evidence the geologic and
hydrologic settings of the confluence that are responsible
for such a special behavior of the site. The local dynamic
are strongly controlled by structural aspects as well as
controlled by the backwater effects resulted by the power
of the Solimões current against the one from the Negro.
Finally, Ianniruberto et al. (2018, this issue) also showed
how an array of different acoustic sensors can be useful for
a morphology and stratigraphy study in that kind of
conditions. They also recommend more data collection for
a better behavior understanding in different periods of the
hydrological cycle.
The paper by Quintana-Cobo et al. (2018, this issue)
covers an interesting and relevant topic in hydrogeology,
describing the dynamics of floodplain lakes of the Ucayali
and Marañon Rivers in western Amazonia. Four sediment
cores were used to better understand the impact of
channel migration processes and climate change on the
depositional dynamics of the floodplain lakes of the Upper
Amazon Basin during the Late Holocene. The results show
that sedimentation in Ucayali floodplain lakes was marked
by variations during the late Holocene, with periods of
intense hydrodynamic energy and abrupt accumulations,
and periods of more lacustrine conditions. On the other
hand, in the Marañón River, floodplain lakes exhibit a
different sedimentary environment of low hydrodynamics,
and no intense migration process was experienced during
the last 600 cal yr BP.
The following paper, from Albéric et al. (2018, this
issue), explores the links between the mainstream, the
tributaries, and the floodplain, using a detailed spatial and
temporal sampling strategy in order to describe how
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) from various potential
sources might be transported into the river in relation with
the flood pulse. The results point out three specific zones
between the Negro River confluence and the Tapajós River
mouth based on the d13C-DOC variations:
 upstream of the Rio Negro and the Rio Solimões
confluence, where no seasonal variation was observed;
 upstream of Itacoatiara (Rio Madeira mouth), higher
d13C-DOC values were observed during the falling water
period, but the origin of this 13C-enrichment remains to
be determined unambiguously;
 downstream the Rio Madeira mouth, where an increase
in the plankton contribution to DOC leads to a seasonal
pattern with lower d13C-DOC values during high and
falling water periods, and higher values during low
waters.
These results demonstrate the very complex biogeo-
chemical processes that take place between river and
floodplain systems.
The study by Moquet et al. (2018, this issue) present an
unprecedented dataset of river chemistry from 28 Andean
rivers distributed along the Ecuadorian and Peruvian
Pacific coast (18N and 188S), a region characterized by a
strong climatic gradient and usually impacted by El Niño
events. The authors estimated an annual flux of total
dissolved solids from the Andes to the Pacific Ocean of
about 30 Mtonyr1.
All these original research articles based on multidisci-
plinary approaches – mainstream, tributaries, flow plain
and confluence during high-flow and low-flow periods –
across the HYBAM Observation Service, promotes a better
understanding of large river environment in tropical South
America, in response to global climate.
Disclosure of interest
The author has not supplied his declaration of
competing interest.
References
Albéric, P., Pérez, M.A.P., Moreira-Turcq, P., Benedetti, M.F., Bouillon, S.,
Abril, G., 2018. Variation of dissolved organic carbon isotopic com-
position during the runoff cycle in the Amazon River and floodplains.
C. R. Geosci. (this issue).
Anderson, S.P., Anderson, R.S., Tucker, G.E., 2012. Landscape scale linkages
in critical zone evolution. C.R. Geosci. 344, 586–596.
Banwart, S., Menon, M., Bernasconi, S.M., Bloem, J., Blum, W.E.H., Maia de
Souza, D., Davidsdotir, B., Duffy, C., Lair, G.J., Kram, P., Lamacova, A.,
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K., Reynolds, B., Robinson, D., Rousseva, S., de Rutler, P., de Ruiter, P.,
van Gaans, P., Weng, L., White, T., Zhang, B., 2012. Soil processes and
functions across an international network of Observatories. C.R.
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Brantley, S.L., McDowell, W.H., Dietrich, W.E., White, T.S., Kumar, P.,
Anderson, S., Chorover, J., Lohse, K.A., Bales, R.C., Richter, D., Grant,
G., Gaillardet, J., 2017. Designing a network of critical zone observa-
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Dynam. 5, 841–860.
Espinoza-Villar, R., Martinez, J.-M., Armijos, E., Espinoza, J.C., Filizola, N.,
Dos Santos, A., Willems, B., Fraizy, P., Santini, W., Vauchel, P., 2018.
Spatio-Temporal Monitoring of suspended sediment in the Solimões
River (2000-2014). C. R. Geosci. (this issue).
Gualtieri, C., De Oliveira, M., Filizola, N., Martinelli, A., Santos, A., Iannir-
uberto, M., 2018. A field study of the confluence between Negro and
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Ianniruberto, M., Trevethan, M., Pinheiro, A., Andrad, J.F., Dantas, E.,
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ence between Negro and Solimões Rivers. Part 2: bed morphology and
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Lin, H., Hopmans, J.W., de Richter, D.B., 2011. Interdisciplinary sciences in
a global network of critical zone observatories. Vadose Zone J. 10,
781–785, doi:10.2136/vzj2011.0084.
Martinelli, A.L., Martinez, J.-M., Filizola, N., Armijos, E., Simões Alve, L.G.,
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350, (this issue).
Moquet, J.-S., Guyot, J.-L., Morera, S., Crave, A., Rau, P., Vauchel, P., Lagane,
C., Sondag, F., Lavado Casimiro, W., Pombosa, R., Martinez, J.-M., 2018.
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Quin
Yep
Foreword / C. R. Geoscience 350 (2018) 1–3 3tana-Cobo, I., Moreira-Turcq, P., Cordeiro, R.C., Aniceto, K., Crave, A.,
Fraizy, P., Moreira, L.S., Duarte, J.M.A., Turcq, B., 2018. Dynamics of
floodplain lakes in the Upper Amazon Basin during the Late Holocene.
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ez, S., Laraque, A., Martinez, J.-M., De Sa, J., Carrera, J.M., Castellanos, B.,
Gallay, M., Lopez, J.L., 2018. Retrieval of suspended sediment con-
centrations using Landsat-8 Oli Satellite Images in the Orinoco River
(Venezuela). C.R. Geosci. 350, (this issue).
Patricia Moreira-Turcqa,*, Jhan Carlo Espinozab,
Naziano Filizolac, Jean-Michel Martinezd
aUMR GET IRD/CNRS/UPS, centre IRD France Nord, 32,
avenue Henry-Varagnat, 93143 Bondy, France
bInstituto Geofı́sico del Perú (IGP), Peru
cUniversidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM),
Manaus, AM, Brazil
dUMR GET IRD/CNRS/UPS, France
*Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: patricia.turcq@ird.fr (P. Moreira-Turcq)
jespinoza@igp.gob.pe (J. Carlo Espinoza)
nazianofilizola@ufam.edu.br (N. Filizola)
jean-michel.martinez@ird.fr (J.-M. Martinez)


A field study of the confluence between Negro and Solimões Rivers. Part 1: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport

Jules Mbanga Nyobe

Elisé Sababa

Elie Constantin Bayiga

Paul-Désiré Ndjigui

Mineralogical and geochemical features of alluvial sediments from the Lobo watershed (Southern Cameroon): Implications for rutile exploration

Vincent Courtillot

Volume 350 (2018) – No. 5 – July–August 
Cover illustration: A view of the Dead Sea seen from the Israeli shore. © David Shankbone. This fi le is licensed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. For further details, see Michael G. Ezersky 
and Amos Frumkin, C. R. Geoscience 349(1), 2017, pp. 1–11.
Editorial
• Evaluation of the results of a different editorial policy
Vincent Courtillot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Hydrology, Environment
• Fate of aluminium released by sacrifi cial anodes – Contamination of marine sediments by environmentally 
available compounds
Lydia Leleyter, Fabienne Baraud, Tessa Reinert, Souhila Gouali, Mélanie Lemoine and Otavio Gil  . . . . . . . 195
Stratigraphy, Sedimentology
• Late Holocene palaeogeographical evolution of Paroikia Bay (Paros Island, Greece)
Anna Karkani, Niki Evelpidou, Matthieu Giaime, Nick Marriner, Hampik Maroukian 
and Christophe Morhange  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
• Carbonate mounds of the Moroccan Mediterranean margin: Facies and environmental controls
Loubna Terhzaz, Naima Hamoumi, Silvia Spezzaferri, El Mostapha Lotfi and Jean-Pierre Henriet  . . . . . . . 212
Tectonics, Tectonophysics
• 2D fi nite-element elastic models of transtensional pull-apart basins
Seyed Tohid Nabavi, Seyed Ahmad Alavi and Frantz Maerten  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222


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