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Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from Northwest Africa
No full textFrom 2004 to 2012, ten multidisciplinary oceanographic surveys were conducted along the coast of Northwest Africa, between the Strait of Gibraltar and the northern border of Sierra Leone. A total of five species of Euryalida Lamarck, 1816 belonging to three families were captured at 29 of the 1298 stations sampled in the area. Among them, Astrodendrum juancarlosi sp. nov. is described and figured in this paper. Ophiocreas oedipus Lyman, 1879 is recorded for the first time on West African continental margin and Gorgonocephalus pustulatum (H.L. Clark, 1916), an Indo-Pacific species only known from South African coast in the Atlantic, is reported off Guinea-Bissau, greatly extending to the North its Atlantic distribution. In addition, Asteroschema inornatum Koehler, 1906, a northeast Atlantic species, is recorded for the first time in African waters, off Western Sahara, extending its range of distribution to the south. Our data also extend the bathymetric distribution of A. inornatum to shallower waters and of G. pustulatum to deeper waters. The association of some euryalids with certain species of pennatulaceans and gorgonians is also described.</p
Stratigraphie d’un Lagerstätte néotropical du Miocène moyen (site de La Venta, Colombie)
No full textLe Konzentrat-Lagerstätte du Miocène moyen du site de La Venta, situé dans le Groupe Honda, en Colombie, contient des informations inestimables sur la réponse biotique tropicale aux changements de la transition climatique du Miocène. Son registre fossile, étudié pendant près d’un siècle, offre l’une des meilleures fenêtres sur les écosystèmes terrestres néotropicaux au cours du Néogène. Nous avons compilé ici toutes les études publiées, puis nous les avons replacées dans une coupe synthétique standard, résultant de corrélations stratigraphiques et d’une carte géologique récente. De plus, nous avons amélioré son contrôle chronostratigraphique en analysant de nouvelles données géochronologiques (U-Pb dans les zircons) et en développant un modèle d’âge probabiliste utilisant une méthode bayésienne. Les résultats suggèrent que la plupart des assemblages fossiles du Groupe Honda se sont accumulés dans un système fluvial méandriforme (partie supérieure de la Formation de La Victoria – partie inférieure de la Formation de Villavieja) qui s’est ensuite déplacé vers un système anastomosé (partie supérieure de la Formation de Villavieja). La Formation de La Victoria, d’une épaisseur de 552 m, est plus récente que 16 Ma et plus ancienne que 12,58 Ma, tandis que la Formation de Villavieja, d’une épaisseur de 569 m, est plus récente que 12,58 Ma et et plus ancienne que 10,52 Ma. Le site de La Venta est fondamental pour comprendre la dynamique paléoécologique du Miocène dans le nord de l’Amérique du Sud mais malgré des décennies d’études, il en est encore dans sa phase initiale d’exploration.The middle Miocene Konzentrat-Lagerstätte of the La Venta site recorded in the Honda Group contains invaluable information on the biotic response to the climatic changes of the Miocene Climatic Transition. Its fossil record has been studied for almost a century and offers one of the best windows to the Neotropics terrestrial ecosystems during the Neogene. We have compiled all published studies and, using graphic correlation and a recently published geological map for the region, placed them into a composite standard section. Furthermore, we improved its chronostratigraphic control by analyzing new geochronological data (U-Pb in zircons) and developing a probabilistic age model using a Bayesian framework. The results suggest that most of the fossil assemblage of the Honda Group accumulated in a meandriform fluvial system (upper part of La Victoria Formation – lower part of Villavieja Formation) that later shifted to an anastomosed system (upper part of Villavieja Formation). The c. 552-m-thick La Victoria Formation is younger than 16 Ma and older than 12.58 Ma, whereas the c. 569-m-thick Villavieja Formation is younger than 12.58 Ma and older than 10.52 Ma. The La Venta site is crucial for understanding Miocene paleoecological dynamics in northern South America, but despite decades of studies, it is still in the early phase of exploration.</p
<i>Pherecardites</i> Horst, 1912 et <i>Branchamphinome</i> Hartman, 1967, sont synonymes (Annelida, Amphinomidae, Amphinominae)
No full textLes taxons des annélides benthiques rares sont problématiques car décrits brièvement, avec peu ou pas d’illustrations. Ainsi, les taxons peuvent être confondus ou oubliés, ce qui rend difficile la détermination des genres ou des espèces. Le genre des amphinomiens Pherecardites Horst, 1912, avec P. parva Horst, 1912 pour espèce type, a été brièvement décrit comme ayant une caroncule avec un axe médian et des lamelles latérales dirigées vers l’arrière. La tête n’a pas été illustrée pour P. parva, mais elle l’est pour P. quinquemaculata Augener, 1927. Un autre genre a été proposé pour une annélide antarctique semblable : Branchamphinome Hartman, 1967, avec B. antarctica Hartman, 1967 pour espèce type, décrit comme ayant une caroncule avec un plus grand lobe médian et d’autres dirigés vers l’arrière. Pherecardites a été oublié et la plupart des espèces décrites ensuite ont été incluses dans Branchamphinome. Une comparaison des spécimens type ou des topotypes nous a menés à la conclusion que ces deux genres sont synonymes, de sorte que Pherecardites a la priorité ; des illustrations sont incluses pour montrer leur ressemblance. Deux clés sont fournies pour identifier tous les genres des amphinomiens et pour toutes les espèces de Pherecardites.Uncommon benthic annelid taxa are problematic as they were described briefly, with few or no illustrations. Thus, taxa might become confused or forgotten, rendering it difficult to delimit genera or species. The amphinomid genus Pherecardites Horst, 1912, with P. parva Horst, 1912 as its type species, was briefly described as having a caruncle with a median axis and lateral lamellae directed posteriorly. The anterior end was not illustrated for P. parva, but it was for P. quinquemaculata Augener, 1927. Another genus was proposed for a similar Antarctic annelid: Branchamphinome Hartman, 1967, with B. antarctica Hartman, 1967 as its type species, having a caruncle with a larger median lobe and other ones directed backwards. Pherecardites was overlooked and most subsequently described species were included in Branchamphinome. A comparison of type or topotype specimens led us to conclude these two genera are synonyms, so that Pherecardites must be retained by priority, and illustrations are included showing their resemblance. Keys are included for identifying all amphinomin genera and all species in Pherecardites
A new species of <I>Metafruticicola</I> (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae) from the Aegean Archipelago and new anatomical and distributional data on some congeneric species
No full textfruticicola is a diverse land snail genus inhabiting the north-eastern Mediterranean region from S Albania to Israel. In this study, we describe Metafruticicola kavafis sp. nov., a new species for science from Kasos Island. We also focus on the reproductive system of steno-endemic species and subspecies of the genus from small islands of the Aegean Archipelago, whose anatomy was previously completely unknown. These species are M. crassicosta, M. pieperi, M. coartata gemina and M. nicosiana conciliatrix. For the latter subspecies, only the outlines of the genitalia were previously given. Additionally, we investigated in detail for the first time the genital anatomy of M. nicosiana nicosiana from Cyprus. Hitherto, information on the genital apparatus of this subspecies was based on sparse data derived from sexually immature specimens. These new anatomical data contribute to a plethora of controversies concerning the subgeneric division of Metafruticicola, which was based solely on conchological features and especially the microsculpture of the teleoconch. We suggest that the current subgeneric division of the genus should be abandoned
A new West African genus of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera), and a key to the Afrotropical genera of tribe Xyloperthini
No full textA new genus, Plesioxylion Liu & Beaver gen. nov., is described for Amintinus gambianus Borowski, 2018 from West Africa with a more detailed description and new records of both sexes. We also provide a key to the ten Afrotropical genera in the tribe Xyloperthini Lesne, 1921 as the baseline information for a future study.</p
Analyse taphonomique d’un assemblage d’ossements subfossiles d’herpétofaune caribéenne (île de Marie-Galante, Petites Antilles)
No full textLes analyses taphonomiques sont indispensables à la compréhension des processus d’accumulation des assemblages fossiles d’ossements de vertébrés. Ces approches sont fondamentales dans les contextes archéologiques, où le rôle des humains dans la constitution de l’assemblage doit être étudié en détail. Cependant, les études taphonomiques se sont jusqu’à présent concentrées sur les régions tempérées et les restes de mammifères et peu d’études concernent les autres groupes de vertébrés, notamment l’herpétofaune, ainsi que les aires tropicales. Cela résulte en un important biais dans la littérature scientifique qui impacte fortement les études paléoécologiques et archéozoologiques dans les aires géographiques où les squamates et amphibiens sont bien représentés. Dans cet article, nous présentons une analyse taphonomique de près de 11 000 ossements d’herpétofaune collectés dans l’abri Cadet 3 sur l’île de Marie-Galante et datés entre le début de l’Holocène et la période amérindienne. Les résultats obtenus ne supportent pas l’hypothèse du rôle des populations humaines dans la constitution de l’assemblage, malgré la présence de niveaux stratigraphiques archéologiques bien caractérisés dans le site. L’agent accumulateur le plus probable est un petit rapace nocturne (i.e., Athene cunicularia guadeloupensis (Ridgway, 1874) ou Tyto insularis (Pelzeln, 1872)). Nous effectuons également une comparaison avec les autres sites fossiles de Marie-Galante et mettons en évidence la diversité des modes d’accumulations dans les différentes grottes voisines de Cadet 3, mais également le manque d’études taphonomiques détaillées qui seraient nécessaires pour pouvoir interpréter ces différences.Taphonomic analyses are of primary importance to understand the accumulation processes of fossil vertebrate bone assemblages. These approaches are fundamental in archaeological contexts in which the role of humans in the formation of an accumulation must be investigated in detail. However, taphonomic works have so far focused on temperate regions and mammals and few studies extensively deal with other vertebrates, especially the herpetofauna, and tropical areas. This results in an important gap in the scientific literature, which has a strong impact on the paleoecological and zooarchaeological research in the areas where squamates and amphibians are well-represented. In this paper, we present a detailed taphonomic study of a large herpetofaunal assemblage of nearly 11 000 bones collected in the Abri Cadet 3, on Marie Galante Island, and dated from the beginning of the Holocene to the Amerindian period. Obtained results don’t support the role of humans in the constitution of the assemblage despite the occurrence of clear archaeological layers in the site. The most-likely culprit for the creation of the bone assemblage is a small nocturnal raptor (i.e., Athene cunicularia guadeloupensis (Ridgway, 1874) or Tyto insularis (Pelzeln, 1872)). We also conduct a comparison with the other available deposits from Marie Galante, highlighting the diversity of accumulation processes in the different nearby cave sites but also the lack of detailed taphonomic studies which would be needed to explain this diversity.</p
Catalogue and red list of <i>Acalypha</i> L. (Euphorbiaceae) from South America
No full textA checklist with preliminary conservation assessments of native South American species of Acalypha is presented. This work is supported by the study of ca 6500 herbarium specimens and an in-depth literature review. As a result, 87 species (83 native and four introduced) and eight subspecies are accepted, and a further 395 names are considered synonyms. Geographical distribution, habitat, and altitudinal range for all species are also indicated. Brazil is the richest country in number of species of Acalypha (40), followed by Peru (32), Bolivia (29), Colombia and Ecuador—including Galapagos Islands—(24), Venezuela (18), Argentina (17), Paraguay (13), Guyana (8), Uruguay (5), French Guiana (4), and Suriname (3). The presence of the genus Acalypha in Chile is reported for the first time, alongside new country records of A. poiretii in Peru and A. venezuelica in Guatemala. The specimens previously identified as A. plicata from Colombia and Venezuela, are here considered belonging to A. cuspidata. The red list provided follows IUCN criteria and includes 39 species and three subspecies, 47% of total native species of Acalypha in South America: 16 species and one subspecies Critically Endangered (nine of them probably extinct), 15 species and two subspecies Endangered, and eight species Vulnerable.</p
Description of five new <I>Aname</I> L. Koch, 1873 (Araneae, Anamidae) species collected on Bush Blitz expeditions
No full textL. Koch, 1873 is an incredibly diverse genus of mygalomorph spiders endemic to Australia, occurring from coast to coast in tropical, semi-arid and arid bioregions. They are relatively gracile mygalomorph spiders that build open burrows, sometimes with a secondary entrance that functions as an escape chute. The genus currently contains 48 species, but the true diversity is likely to be closer to 200 species. Here we describe five new species (A. ningaloo sp. nov., A. salina sp. nov., A. tatarnici sp. nov., A. tenuipes sp. nov. and A. wongalara sp. nov.), primarily based on specimens collected on Bush Blitz expeditions in Western Australia (Cape Range, 2019), South Australia (Great Victoria Desert, 2017) and the Northern Territory (Wongalara, 2012). We complement these descriptions with a molecular phylogenetic analysis to place all new species into an existing phylogenetic framework.</p
Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of <I>Crenicichla</I> (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the <I>C. mandelburgeri</I> species complex
No full textt ecomorphology of the large genus and shows parallel evolution of ecomorphs both within the complex and also to the unrelated C. missioneira species complex from the Uruguay River. Here, we formally describe a new species pair from the C. mandelburgeri species complex that has evolved a parallel morphological and ecological dichotomy to another species pair and also to species in the unrelated C. missioneira species complex. The new species pair is endemic to a single tributary (the Piray Guazú) of the Middle Paraná River where it is sympatric and partly syntopic. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny shows the two new species as distantly related within the C. mandelburgeri species complex, each with a sister species in the Iguazú rather than in the neighbouring Paraná River tributaries. Nuclear DNA analyses demonstrate their sister-group relationship, which is however complicated by the reticulated origin of one of the new species. We present determination keys for all the currently formally described species of the C. mandelburgeri species complex including the new species described here.</p
New and non-indigenous species of Bryozoa from Iberian waters
No full textIberian material originally identified as Hincksina flustroides is revised and five different species are now identified: the Atlantic species Hincksina flustroides is present to the NW of the Iberian Peninsula, whilst the Mediterranean species Hincksina synchysia is here reported for the first time in Iberian waters. Two new species of Hincksina are described, one from the Strait of Gibraltar area, and another from the Alboran Sea, whereas another colony from this area actually corresponds to Hincksina longispinosa. A new description of Electra angulata is given, based on the original and other historical material, as well as on newly collected colonies. The taxonomic position of the species in the genus Arbopercula is discussed, and the diagnosis of the genus itself is amended. Finally, a new species of Caberea is described from deep waters off the north Iberian coast.</p