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A new griffenfly genus and species from the Early Pennsylvanian of the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China) (Insecta: Odonatoptera)
No full textThe erasipterid Sinoerasipteron xiaheyanensis Nel & Huang gen. et sp. nov. from the Moscovian Tupo Formation in Xiaheyan locality (China), is described and illustrated. It is the sixth species of the odonatopteran griffenflies from this locality. This new discovery confirms the high diversity of these flying predators in the insect assemblage.The erasipterid Sinoerasipteron xiaheyanensis Nel & Huang gen. et sp. nov. from the Moscovian Tupo Formation in Xiaheyan locality (China), is described and illustrated. It is the sixth species of the odonatopteran griffenflies from this locality. This new discovery confirms the high diversity of these flying predators in the insect assemblage.</p
Bairdiidae ornés (Ostracoda) en 3 dimensions : exploration de la morphologie de la carapace et des canaux de pores de <i>Triebelina</i> van den Bold, 1946, <i>Nodobairdia</i> Kollmann, 1963 et <i>Mirabairdia </i>Kollmann, 1963
No full textLes ostracodes marins de la famille des Bairdiidae Sars, 1888 ont une histoire évolutive remontant à l’Ordovicien avec une diversification explosive des formes ornées au cours du Trias. Ils sont notoirement homéomorphes, leur taxinomie fait partie des enjeux majeurs de l’ostracodologie moderne, et leur classification pose problème depuis les années 1970. Ici, nous effectuons la première étude par tomographie de valves de Bairdiidae ornés récents et fossiles pour caractériser et évaluer l’importance taxinomique de caractères inexploités, tels que les pores et les canaux de pores. Grâce à la tomographie 3D, nous explorons la distribution des pores en surface et le trajet des canaux sous-jacents dans la paroi des valves de Triebelina van den Bold, 1946 récents ainsi que Nodobairdia Kollmann, 1963 et Mirabairdia Kollmann, 1963 du Trias. Chez Triebelina indopacifica van den Bold, 1946, nous décrivons des systèmes de canaux doubles jusqu’alors inconnus chez les ostracodes. Nous confirmons que les systèmes de pores de Triebelina sont largement en position intra-murale. Chez les Bairdiidae du Trias (Nodobairdia mammilata Kollmann, 1963 et Mirabairdia pernodosa Kollmann, 1963), nous reconnaissons des pores simples sans bordure et massivement nodulaires ainsi que des pores marginaux. Les pores normaux latéraux des spécimens du Trias semblent être principalement en position intra-solum. Bien qu’encore exploratoires et aux limites de la résolution tomographique, ces observations fournissent de nouvelles preuves pour rejeter la synonymie autrefois proposée des genres du Trias avec Triebelina, qui a fait obstacle à l’établissement d’une classification phylogénétique.Marine ostracods of the family Bairdiidae Sars, 1888 have an evolutionary history starting from the Ordovician with an explosive diversification of ornate forms during the Triassic. Representatives of the family are notoriously homeomorphic, which makes their taxonomy a major challenge of modern ostracodology. Their classification has thus been problematic since the 1970s. Here we present the first CT-scan investigation of recent and fossil ornate Bairdiidae valves in order to characterize and evaluate the taxonomic significance of unexploited characters, such as pores and pore canals. Thanks to 3D tomography, we explore the distribution of pores at the surface and the pathway of pore canals within the valve wall of the recent genus Triebelina van den Bold, 1946 and the Triassic genera Nodobairdia Kollmann, 1963 and Mirabairdia Kollmann, 1963. In Triebelina indopacifica van den Bold, 1946, we describe an unexpected system of double pore canals, so far unknown in ostracods. We confirm that pore systems in Triebelina have largely intramural positions. In the Triassic Bairdiidae (Nodobairdia mammilata Kollmann, 1963 and Mirabairdia pernodosa Kollmann, 1963), we recognize simple unrimmed and massively nodular pores as well as marginal pores. Lateral normal pores of the Triassic specimens appear to be mostly in intra-solum positions. Although still exploratory and at the limits of the tomographic resolution, these observations provide new evidence to reject the formerly proposed synonymy of Triassic genera with Triebelina, which obstructed the establishment of a phylogenetic classification.</p
Belostomatidae Leach, 1815 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of northeastern Brazil
No full textBelostomatidae Leach, 1815 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha), also known as giant water bugs, is a family with 11 genera and about 160 described species, most of which are recorded from the Neotropical region. Knowledge about these bugs in northeastern Brazil is relatively poor, with 16 previously recorded species. Here, we present new records for five additional species based on material from the states of Ceará, Maranhão, and Piauí deposited in the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil. This increases to 21 the number of species recorded from the region. In addition, we provide photographs, distribution maps, and a key to the fauna of Belostomatidae from northeastern Brazil.</p
<i>Hymenopellis areolata</i> (Physalacriaceae: Agaricales), a new species from Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, Pakistan
No full textDuring exploratory surveys of the fungal diversity in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, we collected a new species of the genus Hymenopellis R.H.Petersen. This is the second report of any species of this genus from Pakistan. Hymenopellis areolata F.Razzaq & Khalid sp. nov. is characterized by an areolate pileus, small basidiospores, and transitional pileipellis (hymeniderm and epithelium) with small pileocystidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of nrITS and nrLSU regions, and morphological data support the description of this new species. A comparison with other closely related species confirmed that the newly described species is distinct from others.During exploratory surveys of the fungal diversity in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, we collected a new species of the genus Hymenopellis R.H.Petersen. This is the second report of any species of this genus from Pakistan. Hymenopellis areolata F.Razzaq & Khalid sp. nov. is characterized by an areolate pileus, small basidiospores, and transitional pileipellis (hymeniderm and epithelium) with small pileocystidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of nrITS and nrLSU regions, and morphological data support the description of this new species. A comparison with other closely related species confirmed that the newly described species is distinct from others.</p
A new deep-sea species of <I>Halirages</I> Boeck, 1871 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Calliopiidae) inhabiting sponges
No full textIn the vast abyssal plains northwest of Iceland, white glass sponges of the genus Caulophacus Schulze, 1886 were inhabited by reddish Bythocaris G.O. Sars, 1870 shrimps and pinkish amphipods. After in situ observations at 3700 m depth, in -1°C waters by a remotely operated vehicle, members of this assemblage were collected and preserved for molecular studies. Based on integrative taxonomic analyses, the amphipods were identified as a new species of the genus Halirages Boeck, 1871 – Halirages spongiae sp. nov. Lörz, Nack & Tandberg –, as described in detail below. Part of our integrative approach was to establish reference DNA barcodes for known species of Halirages. However, our investigation of material of Calliopiidae G.O. Sars, 1895 collected around Iceland and Norway revealed slight morphological discrepancies in all the described species of Halirages. Except for Halirages fulvocinctus (M. Sars, 1858), none of the encountered specimens of Calliopiidae fully matched a current species description. We illuminate the morphological characteristics of nine operational taxonomic units, which also represented clades in COI and 28S. We set the Icelandic samples in the context of Halirages from Canada and Norway. A key to the world species of Halirages is provided
A revision of the South American species of the cleptoparasitic bee genus <i>Triepeolus</i> Robertson, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
No full textThe cleptoparasitic bee genus Triepeolus Robertson, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is revised for species occurring in South America. A total of nine species are confirmed from the continent, of which T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov. is newly described. Four new synonymies are proposed: T. aguilari Moure, 1955 syn. nov. and T. megadelphus Cockerell, 1914 syn. nov. under T. buchwaldi (Friese, 1908); T. bilineatus Cockerell, 1949 syn. nov. under T. flavipennis (Friese, 1916); and Epeolus merus Brèthes, 1909 syn. nov. under T. nemoralis (Holmberg, 1886). Males of T. alvarengai Moure, 1955 and T. rufotegularis (Ashmead, 1900) and females of T. atoconganus Moure, 1955 and T. cecilyae Packer, 2016 are described for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for the following (all originally described under Epeolus Latreille, 1802 but now recognized as Triepeolus): E. buchwaldi, E. flavipennis, E. osiriformis Schrottky, 1910 and its junior synonym E. luteipes Friese, 1916, and E. rufotegularis. Diagnoses and complete descriptions/redescriptions are provided for all species, along with a fully illustrated dichotomous identification key (with Portuguese and Spanish versions available as supplementary material) to distinguish them based on external morphological features. Additionally, known collection records and information about the ecology of the treated species are presented.</p
Ammonoids of the Middle Devonian family Maenioceratidae in the Anti-Atlas of Morocco
No full textThe ammonoids of the family Maenioceratidae from Givetian sedimentary rocks of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco) are investigated. The study is based on new collections stored in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. The genera Maenioceras Schindewolf, 1933 and Afromaenioceras Göddertz, 1987 are revised; the genus Trimaenioceras is newly described. The species Maenioceras afroterebratum sp. nov., Maenioceras mzerrebense sp. nov., Maenioceras oufranense sp. nov., Maenioceras beckeri sp. nov., Afromaenioceras sulcatostriatum (Bensaïd, 1974), Afromaenioceras hiemale sp. nov., Afromaenioceras bensaidi sp. nov., Afromaenioceras brumale sp. nov., Afromaenioceras crassum (Bensaïd, 1974), Trimaenioceras klugi gen. et sp. nov., Trimaenioceras eculeus gen. et sp. nov., Trimaenioceras fuscina gen. et sp. nov. and Trimaenioceras paucum gen. et sp. nov. are described in detail.</p
First record of the genus <i>Staurocladia</i> (Hydrozoa: Cladonematidae) in the Gulf of Mexico with the description of <i>Staurocladia dzilamensis</i> sp. nov., a new species of crawling hydromedusa
No full textThe Cladonematidae are a family of hydrozoans with a worldwide distribution and morphological adaptations for a benthic mode of life. Species of this family are characterized by high morphological variability, which has caused many taxonomical debates, mainly for the species of the genera Eleutheria Quatrefages, 1842 and Staurocladia Hartlaub, 1917. Herein, we describe Staurocladia dzilamensis sp. nov., a new species of crawling hydromedusa from the southern Gulf of Mexico. This finding also constitutes the first record of the genus Staurocladia for the Gulf of Mexico. The presence of additional nematocyst clusters, supplementing the apical one on the upper branch of the tentacles, places it within Staurocladia. The presence of exumbrellar buds, a conspicuous marginal ring of nematocysts, 6–11 bifid tentacles with lower branches longer than their upper counterpart, the cnidome with stenoteles of two size classes, and two nematocyst clusters on the upper branch supplementing the apical one, opposite placed alternately on its aboral and oral sides permits to differentiate S. dzilamensis from its congeners. A taxonomic key for the species of Staurocladia is provided.The Cladonematidae are a family of hydrozoans with a worldwide distribution and morphological adaptations for a benthic mode of life. Species of this family are characterized by high morphological variability, which has caused many taxonomical debates, mainly for the species of the genera Eleutheria Quatrefages, 1842 and Staurocladia Hartlaub, 1917. Herein, we describe Staurocladia dzilamensis sp. nov., a new species of crawling hydromedusa from the southern Gulf of Mexico. This finding also constitutes the first record of the genus Staurocladia for the Gulf of Mexico. The presence of additional nematocyst clusters, supplementing the apical one on the upper branch of the tentacles, places it within Staurocladia. The presence of exumbrellar buds, a conspicuous marginal ring of nematocysts, 6–11 bifid tentacles with lower branches longer than their upper counterpart, the cnidome with stenoteles of two size classes, and two nematocyst clusters on the upper branch supplementing the apical one, opposite placed alternately on its aboral and oral sides permits to differentiate S. dzilamensis from its congeners. A taxonomic key for the species of Staurocladia is provided.</p
Le bouclier étendu d’ostéodermes chez <i>Paleosuchus</i> sp. : une adaptation à l’écosystème des forêts équatoriales chez les crocodiliens nains ?
No full textLes crocodiliens nains (i.e., Osteolaemus sp. et Paleosuchus sp.) ont tous la particularité de vivre dans les forêts équatoriales et de présenter un bouclier d’ostéodermes qui s’étend au-delà de la zone dorsale (qui est comprise entre le crâne et la symphyse des crêtes caudales). Notre étude compare la répartition de l’ornementation osseuse et la porosité entre les ostéodermes dorsaux et les ostéodermes non-dorsaux au sein du bouclier d’ostéodermes d’un caïman nain de Cuvier (Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Cuvier, 1807)). Sachant que ces deux critères constituent des indicateurs du degré de vascularisation du bouclier dermique, nous avons alors estimé la répartition du réseau vasculaire au sein du bouclier d’ostéodermes de P. palpebrosus. Nos résultats montrent que l’ornementation et la porosité sont nettement plus prononcées au niveau des ostéodermes qui composent la partie dorsale du bouclier. Nos résultats suggèrent que les ostéodermes dorsaux peuvent être impliqués dans les transferts de chaleur via les vaisseaux sanguins superficiels quand ils sont artificiellement exposés à une lampe chauffante dans des conditions de captivité ; il est cependant peu probable que ce phénomène se produise sous la canopée de la forêt équatoriale, où l’exposition au soleil est peu accessible. Nous supposons donc que les ostéodermes des crocodiliens nains auraient principalement pour rôle de constituer une source de calcium labile qui permettrait d’amortir les variations de régime alimentaire liées aux différents habitats de la forêt équatoriale (i.e., les ruisseaux, les mares, les sols humides, les cavernes).The crocodylian dwarf species (i.e., Osteolaemus sp. and Paleosuchus sp.) that live in the equatorial forests all share the peculiarity to present an osteoderm shield which extends beyond the dorsal area that lies between the skull and the caudal crest symphysis. Here we study both the morphology and the microanatomy of the osteoderms in Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Cuvier, 1807), in order to both assess the distribution of bone ornamentation over the osteoderm shield, and to compare the porosity between the dorsal osteoderms with the non-dorsal osteoderms. Since both the ornamental pit excavation and the bone porosity are relevant proxies to the osteoderm blood vessel content, we mapped the distribution of the vascular network within the osteoderm shield in P. palpebrosus. Our results show that both the bone ornamentation and the bone porosity are significantly more pronounced within the dorsal shield osteoderms. Our results suggest that the dorsal osteoderms may be involved in heat transfer via the superficial blood vessels that are located in the ornamental pits if they are artificially exposed to a basking lamp in captive conditions; it is however unlikely to be the case under the canopy of the equatorial forest since the sun exposure is poor. We therefore hypothesize that the dwarf crocodylian extended osteoderm shield mostly consists of a labile calcium resource that would allow to buffer the diet variations which are related to the various equatorial forest niches (i.e., streams, excavated pools, jungle floors, caves).</p
Restes animaux dans les contextes mortuaires en Patagonie méridionale : une étude de cas au lac Salitroso (Santa Cruz, Argentine)
No full textL’objectif de cet article est de discuter du rôle des restes fauniques dans les contextes funéraires de la Patagonie méridionale. Nous soulignerons en particulier les informations obtenues dans les contextes mortuaires du lac Salitroso (Province de Santa Cruz, Argentine). Dans cette zone, un total de 37 sépultures de différents types, tels que les chenques (tumulus artificiels en roche), les sépultures sous blocs et les niches, ont été étudiées. Les résultats indiquent une faible fréquence de restes d’animaux, correspondant principalement au renard (Lycalopex Burmeister, 1856) et au guanaco (Lama guanicoe Müller, 1776). De plus, une certaine variabilité dans la représentation des parties squelettiques a été détectée. Ces caractéristiques ne se retrouvent pas dans les sources documentaires des premiers explorateurs européens en Patagonie, mais sont communes dans les archives archéologiques régionales. Enfin, un autre résultat d’intérêt est la présence de restes d’animaux déposés par des processus naturels (rongeurs, édentés et carnivores). Les résultats sont contextualisés avec les informations ethno-historiques et archéologiques régionales disponibles pour discuter du rôle des espèces animales dans les pratiques funéraires des populations de chasseurs-cueilleurs du sud de la Patagonie.The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of faunal remains in funerary contexts from Southern Patagonia. We will particularly emphasize the information obtained in mortuary contexts from Lake Salitroso (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina). In this area a total of 37 burials of different types, such as chenques (i.e. artificial rock burial mounds), burial under blocks and niches, have been studied. Results indicate low frequency of animal remains, mostly corresponding to fox (Lycalopex Burmeister, 1856) and guanaco (Lama guanicoe Müller, 1776). Additionally, certain variability in skeletal part representation has been detected. These characteristics are not reflected in the documentary sources of first European explorers in Patagonia, but are common in the regional archaeological record. Finally, another outcome of interest is the presence of animal remains deposited by natural processes (rodents, edentates and carnivores). The results are contextualized with available regional ethnohistoric and archaeological information to discuss the role of animal species in the funerary practices of hunter-gatherer populations in southern Patagonia.</p