National Museum of Natural History
Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, ParisNot a member yet
10296 research outputs found
Sort by
Lectotypification de deux taxons endémiques turcs du genre <i>Klasea</i> Cass. (Asteraceae, Cardueae)
No full textDeux taxons endémiques turcs du genre Klasea Cass. (Asteraceae) sont lectotypifiés, à savoir Klasea aznavouriana (Bornm.) Greuter & Wagenitz et K. bornmuelleri (Azn.) Greuter & Wagenitz. Les lectotypes correspondants sont déposés à B et G. En outre, les synonymes pertinents, les détails du type et les images des spécimens types sont fournis.Two Turkish endemic taxa of Klasea Cass. (Asteraceae) are lectotypified, namely Klasea aznavouriana (Bornm.) Greuter & Wagenitz and K. bornmuelleri (Azn.) Greuter & Wagenitz. Lectotypes are deposited at B and G respectively. In addition, the relevant synonyms, type details and images of the type specimens are provided.</p
Synthèse des connaissances sur les fourmis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) du Parc national des Écrins (SE France)
No full textLa synthèse de 1686 données d’occurrence de fourmis (famille des Formicidae, Hymenoptera) identifiées à l’espèce réparties sur l’ensemble du parc national des Écrins (zone cœur et zone d’adhésion) a permis de recenser 83 espèces, soit plus du tiers de la myrmécofaune de France métropolitaine. La courbe d’accumulation des espèces montre cependant que la complétude de l’inventaire des espèces est modérée. Bien que les premières données datent de 1984, plus de 90 % des données ont été obtenues depuis 2018. Face au déficit de connaissance d’avant 2018, la stratégie du parc, qui s’est avérée efficace, a d’abord été de mobiliser les agents du parc pour des collectes opportunistes sur l’ensemble du territoire et une association spécialiste des fourmis pour l’identification, puis de faire intervenir ponctuellement des spécialistes sur le terrain. Cette pression d’échantillonnage a permis d’explorer la distribution de la diversité et des espèces en fonction du type de milieu et de l’altitude, et de révéler la présence d’espèces pouvant constituer un enjeu pour le parc. En particulier, Formica paralugubris Seifert, 1996, une espèce de fourmis rousse des bois endémique de l’ouest des Alpes et du Jura, très peu connue en France, a été détectée dans plusieurs stations. Cette espèce étant difficile à distinguer de Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838, une espèce boréo-montagnarde très commune, l’identification a porté sur un double diagnostic, morphologique et moléculaire. L’inventaire a révélé d’autres espèces remarquables telles que Leptothorax gredleri Mayr, 1855, une espèce d’Europe centrale et du nord dont la seule station connue en France est celle du parc, et Leptothorax pacis (Kutter, 1945), une espèce très rare présente essentiellement dans les Alpes et les Pyrénées. L’évaluation de patrimonialité selon une méthode propre au parc n’a révélé qu’une seule espèce à considérer comme patrimoniale pour le parc : Formica paralugubris.The synthesis of 1686 occurrence data of ants (family Formicidae, Hymenoptera) identified to the species level, distributed across the entire Écrins National Park (core zone and adhesion zone) revealed 83 species, i.e. more than one third of the myrmecofauna of metropolitan France. The species accumulation curve shows, however, that the completeness of the inventory is moderate. Although the first data date back to 1984, more than 90% of the data have been obtained since 2018. To remedy to the knowledge deficit, the park adopted a strategy in 2018 which consisted in: first mobilizing park agents for opportunistic collections throughout the territory and an association of ant specialists for identification, and second occasionally involving ant specialists in field surveys. This sampling effort allowed exploring the distribution of diversity and species according to the type of environment and to elevation, and to reveal the presence of species that could represent an issue for the park. In particular, Formica paralugubris Seifert, 1996, a species of redwood ant endemic to the western Alps and the Jura, very little known in France, was detected in several sites. This species being difficult to distinguish from Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838 – a very common boreomontane species – the identification was based on a double diagnosis: morphological and molecular. The inventory revealed other remarkable species such as Leptothorax gredleri Mayr, 1855, a species from central and northern Europe whose only known station in France is the one in the park, and Leptothorax pacis (Kutter, 1945), a very rare species occurring mainly in the Alps and the Pyrenees. A conservation value analysis relying on a method specific to the park revealed Formica paralugubris as a species with a particularly high conservation value within the territory of the park.</p
Taxonomic review of <i>Rheocricotopus</i> Brundin, 1956 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) from East Asia, with descriptions of twelve new species
No full textEast Asian species of Rheocricotopus are reviewed and 12 species are illustrated and described as new to science in the subgenus Psilocricotopus Sæther: R. (P.) albulus sp. nov., R. (P.) bannaensis sp. nov., R. (P.) beibengensis sp. nov., R. (P.) binotatus sp. nov., R. (P.) chinogodavarius sp. nov., R. (P.) fasciolatus sp. nov., R. (P.) hanmiensis sp. nov., R. (P.) masarui sp. nov., R. (P.) monovittatus sp. nov., R. (P.) nippobifasciatus sp. nov., R. (P.) protuberans sp. nov., and R. (P.) yunnanensis sp. nov. Additionally, the female adult, pupa and larva of R. (P.) togakuroasi (Sasa & Okazawa, 1992), the female adult and pupa of R. (P.) orientalis Wang, 1995, the larva of R. (s. str.) tamahumeralis Sasa, 1981, and the female adult, pupa and larva of R. (s. str.) togapeniculus Sasa & Okazawa, 1992 are described for the first time. In total, 28 new synonyms are given: Rheocricotopus nudisquamus Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2009, R. brochus Liu, Lin & Wang, 2014 and R. longiligulatus Yamamoto & Yamamoto, 2017 are listed as junior synonyms of R. amamipubescius (Sasa, 1990), R. bifasciatus Wang & Zheng, 1991 and R. oiraprimus Sasa, 1991, respectively; R. chalybeatus bicoloratus Caspers & Reiss, 1989, R. emeiensis Wang & Zheng, 1989, R. nigrus Wang & Zheng, 1989, R. okifoveatus Sasa, 1990, R. tedorisecundus Sasa, 1994, R. isigadeeus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000, R. yakulemeus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000, R. inaquereus Sasa, Kitami & Suzuki, 2001, R. inaxeyeus Sasa, Kitami & Suzuki, 2001, R. taiwanensis Wang, Yan & Maa, 2004, R. heterochros Liu, Song & Wang, 2014, and R. nemoacrostichalis Chaudhuri & Sinharay, 1983 are treated as junior synonyms of R. chalybeatus (Edwards, 1929); R. akagisecundus Kikuchi & Sasa, 1994 and R. gotocedeus Sasa & Suzuki, 2001 are treated as junior synonyms of R. togakuroasi (Sasa & Okazawa, 1992); R. baishanensis Wang & Zheng, 1991 and R. himalayenis Chaudhuri & Sinharay, 1983 are treated as junior synonyms of R. effusus (Walker, 1856); R. reduncusoides Namayandeh & Beresford, 2018 and R. shofukusecundus Sasa, 1998 are treated as junior synonyms of R. reduncus Sæther & Schnell, 1988 and Paracladius akansextus Sasa & Kaminura, 1987, respectively; R. kamimonji Sasa & Hirabayashi, 1993 and R. kurocedeus Sasa, 1996 are treated as junior synonyms of R. togapeniculus Sasa & Okazawa, 1992; Parorthocladius negoroi Yamamoto, 2011 and Orthocladius piloculatus Kobayashi, 2012 are treated as junior synonyms of Parorthocladius intermedius (Tokunaga, 1939) comb. nov.; R. tobatervicesimus Kikuchi & Sasa, 1990, Paratrichocladius unabrevis Sasa, 1996 and R. rotundus Liu, Lin & Wang, 2014 are treated as junior synonyms of Paracricotopus irregularis Niitsuma, 1990. In addition, two new combinations, Parorthocladius intermedius (Tokunaga, 1939) comb. nov. and Paracricotopus brachypus (Wang & Zheng, 1991) comb. nov. are proposed here. To accommodate these species, generic and subgeneric diagnoses are emended. A key to the known male adults from East Asia is provided.</p
The steppe bumblebees of the subgenus <i>Sibiricobombus</i> revised world-wide from species’ gene coalescents and morphology despite numts (Hymenoptera, Apidae, genus <i>Bombus</i>)
No full textBumblebees of the subgenus Sibiricobombus Vogt, 1911 of the genus Bombus Latreille, 1802 are associated with dry grasslands in the montane regions of Mongolia, Central Asia, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains, to as far west as Greece. Many of the taxa in this group were described initially from their colour patterns and have at different times been regarded as separate species or have been put into different combinations that were variously regarded as species. We examine integrated evidence for species as evolutionarily independent lineages, comparing evidence from species’ gene coalescents, based on fast-evolving barcode-like DNA sequences, and from discontinuous variation in skeletal morphology and in colour patterns. Many sequences of Sibiricobombus taxa appear from their AT bias at the third codon position to be recent low-divergence numts. Higher frequencies of these numts may be associated with more substitutions within the barcode-primer-binding regions of the mitogenome since the divergence of bumblebees from the lepidopteran source of the primers. Nonetheless, in this particular case, all but one of the 12 species’ gene coalescents support candidate species that are corroborated by morphological diagnoses. For the 11 corroborated species, the status of three species is revised and one new replacement name is proposed: Bombus sibiricus (Fabricius, 1781), B. semenovi Morawitz, 1887 stat. rev., B. oberti Morawitz, 1883, B. morawitzi Radoszkowski, 1876, B. sulfureus Friese, 1905, B. niveatus Kriechbaumer, 1870, B. obtusus Richards, 1951, B. tescorum Williams nom. nov. et stat. rev., B. longiceps Smith, 1878 stat. rev., B. falsificus Richards, 1930 stat. rev., and B. asiaticus Morawitz, 1875. Nine new synonyms are recognised. Estimates are provided for (1) an evolutionary tree for species and (2) for the ancestral species’ distributions.</p
Découverte et suivi d’une population de<i> Triops cancriformis</i> (Bosc, 1801) (Branchiopoda: Crustacea) dans le centre-ouest de la France (Vienne : Nouvelle-Aquitaine)
No full textUne petite population de Triops cancriformis (Bosc, 1801) a été découverte au tournant des années 2000 dans des ornières forestières au nord-est du département de la Vienne, alors que l’on donnait l’espèce disparue du centre de la France depuis des décennies. Les plus proches populations actuellement connues sont en effet localisées dans l’arc méditerranéen à plus de 400 km, et se rencontrent dans des habitats généralement plus ouverts. Les suivis entrepris depuis, bien que ponctuels et sporadiques, font état d’une petite population toujours en place (présence de femelles ovigères et d’œufs de résistance dans le sédiment), mais qui ne semble pas pouvoir se reproduire tous les ans, et avec des effectifs déclinants. Par ailleurs, des analyses génétiques menées en parallèle sont tout à fait compatibles avec la persistance ici d’une population relictuelle locale, et permettent d’écarter l’hypothèse d’un apport exogène (lâchers) comme il est toujours possible avec ces animaux commercialisés et très prisés des aquariophiles. Les risques à court et moyen termes pour cette petite population isolée (en l’état actuel de nos connaissances) sont présentés et discutés. Des actions de sensibilisation auprès des acteurs locaux (propriétaires, gestionnaires, municipalités environnantes) ont été entreprises et favorablement accueillies. Des essais de création de petites mares temporaires se sont révélés infructueux. Désormais, des mesures de protection et conservation plus ambitieuses, menées dans un cadre réglementaire, seraient à envisager.A small population of Triops cancriformis (Bosc, 1801) was discovered at the turn of the 2000s in forest ruts in the north-east of the Vienne department, when the species was thought to have disappeared from central France for decades. The closest populations currently known are indeed located in the Mediterranean arc, more than 400 km away, and are found in generally more open habitats. Monitoring undertaken since then, although occasional and sporadic, showed that a small population is still surviving (presence of ovigerous females and resistant-eggs in the sediment), but which does not seem to be able to reproduce every year, and with declining population size. Furthermore, genetic analyzes carried out in parallel are entirely compatible with the persistence here of a local relict population, and make it possible to rule out the hypothesis of an exogenous contribution (releases) as is always possible with these commercialized animals and very popular with aquarists. The short- and medium-term risks for this small isolated population (based on our current knowledge) are presented and discussed. Awareness-raising actions aimed at local stakeholders (owners, managers, surrounding municipalities) were undertaken and favorably received. Attempts to create small temporary ponds proved unsuccessful. From now on, more ambitious protection and conservation measures, carried out within a regulatory framework, should be considered.</p
Premier catalogue des Salticidae (Arachnidae, Araneae) de Guyane et description d’une nouvelle espèce
No full textUn travail de synthèse bibliographique et d’identification de matériel collecté a permis de compléter la connaissance concernant l’une des familles d’araignées les mieux étudiées de la région néotropicale du point de vue de la systématique, à savoir les Salticidae Blackwall, 1841. Le présent catalogue liste la présence de 122 espèces, ainsi que de 68 morpho-espèces, appartenant à 36 genres, soit au total 190 espèces potentielles. Après argumentation basée sur l’observation de certains types ou individus, d’échanges avec les producteurs de données ou encore la vérification des données dans la bibliographie, les espèces suivantes, au nombre de 19, sont supprimées de la liste des Salticidae de Guyane : Amycus ectipus (Simon, 1900), Amycus pertyi Simon, 1900, Anasaitis canosa (Walckenaer, 1837), Chira simoni (Galiano, 1961), Chirothecia crassipes (Taczanowski, 1878), Colonus germaini (Simon, 1900), Corythalia tropica (Mello-Leitão, 1939), Hypaeus miles Simon, 1900, Lyssomanes amazonicus G. W. Peckham, E. G. Peckham & Wheeler, 1889, Lyssomanes elegans (Cambridge, 1900), Lyssomanes parallelus (Peckham & Wheeler, 1889), Matinta fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1940), Noegus bidens (Simon, 1900), Noegus petrusewiczi Caporiacco, 1947, Psecas bubo (Taczanowski, 1871), Sarinda atrata (Taczanowski, 1871), Scopocira melanops (Taczanowski, 1871), Rudra wagae (Taczanowski, 1871) et Viciria chabanaudi Fage, 1923. La mention d’une espèce dans Vedel et al. (2013), non reconnue par le World Spider Catalog (2023), est elle aussi supprimée : Salticus fulvatus (Fabricius, 1896). La nouvelle synonymie suivante est établie : Amycus flavolineatus C. L. Koch, 1846 est synonyme junior de Colonus sylvanus (Hentz, 1846), n. syn. Amycus amrishi Makhan, 2006 et Neonella heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871) sont considérés nomina dubia. Pseudopartona ornata Caporiacco, 1954, espèce type du genre Pseudopartona Caporiacco, 1954 appartient au genre Sassacus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1895, ce qui entraîne la mise en synonymie de Pseudopartona avec Sassacus, et la combinaison nouvelle suivante Sassacus ornatus (Caporiacco, 1954) n. comb. Enfin, 25 espèces sont nouvellement citées parmi lesquelles une espèce nouvellement décrite : Eustiromastix agatheae Courtial & Picard n. sp. (mâle).A work of bibliographic synthesis and identification of collected material made possible to complete the knowledge concerning one of the best studied spider families of the neotropical region from a systematic point of view, namely the Salticidae Blackwall, 1841. This catalog lists the presence of 122 species as well as 68 morphospecies, belonging to 36 genera, making a total of 190 potential species. After argument based on the observation of type species or individuals, exchanges with data producers or even verification of data in the bibliography, the following species, 19 in number, are deleted from the list of Salticidae of French Guyana: Amycus ectipus (Simon, 1900), Amycus pertyi Simon, 1900, Anasaitis canosa (Walckenaer, 1837), Chira simoni (Galiano, 1961), Chirothecia crassipes (Taczanowski, 1878), Colonus germaini (Simon, 1900), Corythalia tropica (Mello-Leitão, 1939), Hypaeus miles Simon, 1900, Lyssomanes amazonicus G. W. Peckham, E. G. Peckham & Wheeler, 1889, Lyssomanes elegans (Cambridge, 1900), Lyssomanes parallelus (Peckham & Wheeler, 1889), Matinta fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1940), Noegus bidens (Simon, 1900), Noegus petrusewiczi Caporiacco, 1947, Psecas bubo (Taczanowski, 1871), Sarinda atrata (Taczanowski, 1871), Scopocira melanops (Taczanowski, 1871), Rudra wagae (Taczanowski, 1871) and Viciria chabanaudi Fage, 1923. The mention of a species in Vedel et al. (2013), not recognized by the World Spider Catalog (2023), is also deleted: Salticus fulvatus (Fabricius, 1896). The following new synonymy is established: Amycus flavolineatus C. L. Koch, 1846 is a junior synonym of Colonus sylvanus (Hentz, 1846), n. syn. Amycus amrishi Makhan, 2006 and Neonella heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871) are considered as nomina dubia. Pseudopartona ornata Caporiacco, 1954, type species of the genus Pseudopartona Caporiacco, 1954 , belongs to the genus Sassacus Sassacus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1895, which results in Pseudopartona being synonymised with Sassacus, and the following new combination Sassacus ornatus (Caporiacco, 1954) n. comb. Finally, 25 species are newly cited, including one newly described species: Eustiromastix agatheae Courtial & Picard n. sp. (male).</p
Un synonyme nouveau pour <i>Neottia alternifolia</i> (King & Pantl.) Szlach. (Orchidaceae) et lectotypification de son basionyme
No full textNeottia motuoensis X.H.Jin, une orchidée chinoise récemment décrite, a été étudiée. Ses caractères morphologiques ont été comparés à ceux de Neottia alternifolia (King & Pantl.) Szlach. à partir du protologue, de spécimens types et de nouvelles collections de la région himalayenne indienne. Les deux espèces présentaient des caractères identiques ou se chevauchant et étaient donc conspécifiques. De plus, après examen des documents originaux du nom, il a été déterminé que le nom Listera alternifolia King & Pantl. (basionyme de N. alternifolia) nécessitait une lectotypification. Par conséquent, un lectotype a été sélectionné pour ce nom.Neottia motuoensis X.H.Jin, a recently described orchid from China, has been studied, and the morphological characters of the species have been compared to those of Neottia alternifolia (King & Pantl.) Szlach. based on protologue, type specimens, and fresh collections from the Indian Himalayan Region. Both species showed identical or overlapping characters and were found conspecific. Additionally, upon reviewing the original materials of the name, it has been determined that the name Listera alternifolia King & Pantl. (basionym of N. alternifolia) requires lectotypification. Therefore, a lectotype has been selected here for the name.</p
Description of <i>Pseudoneuroterus saltabundus </i>new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) with jumping galls from Italy and revised keys to Western Palaearctic Cynipini genera lacking transscutal articulation
No full textA new species, Pseudoneuroterus saltabundus Sottile & Cerasa sp. nov., associated with a section Cerris oak, Quercus cerris L., is described from Italy. Notably, its galls possess the ability to jump, a behaviour we explore in this study, offering hypotheses on the potential evolutionary advantages this trait may confer. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and diagnoses of both adults and galls are provided, together with observations on biology, host associations, and distribution. Morphology and molecular data are combined in an integrative approach that provides clear evidence for the recognition and delimitation of this new species. The study also includes a revised key to Western Palaearctic Cynipini genera lacking the transscutal articulation, as well as an updated identification key to Pseudoneuroterus asexual generations, providing a more coherent framework for the placement of the new species. Furthermore, new video evidence confirms the gall jumping behaviour in the congeneric species Pseudoneuroterus saliens.</p
Cave-dwelling species of<i> Brasineura </i>Silva-Neto & García Aldrete, 2015<i> </i>(Psocodea: Ptiloneuridae) from southwestern Brazil: new species, wing variation, and new geographic and troglophile status records
No full textThree new troglophilic species of Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete, 2015 are described and illustrated herein: Brasineura hpba Reategui, Pereira, Rafael & Silva-Netosp. nov., B. renaissance Reategui, Pereira, Rafael & Silva-Neto sp. nov., and B. vicentoi Reategui, Pereira, Rafael & Silva-Neto sp. nov. Intraspecific variation in wing venation is documented for the newly described taxa. Additionally, we report for the first time the occurrence of B. serranortensis Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, 2016 and B.spinosa Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, 2018 within cave environments. An updated distribution map of the species of Brasineura in Brazil is provided, along with an identification key based on male morphological characters. With the inclusion of these new records, the number of the species of Brasineura known from Brazil rises to ten. This study significantly advances the understanding of the diversity and distribution of free-living lice associated with Brazilian cave ecosystems.</p
New tribal placements, reinstatements and synonymies in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
No full textThe higher classification of Deltocephalinae Fieber, 1869 (992 genera, 7243 species) is revised to reflect the results of recent phylogenomic analyses of 730 terminal taxa and > 160 000 nucleotide positions, which provided well-resolved and supported estimates of relationships among major deltocephaline lineages. The revised classification recognizes 30 monophyletic tribes and 24 subtribes. Diagnostic morphological characters of the newly redefined tribes are discussed and a revised key to tribes is provided. Proposed changes include the following: Athysanini Van Duzee, 1892 is redefined to include the nominotypical subtribe (corresponding to the previously recognized Holarctic Athysanus-group of genera), subtribe Cochlorhinina Oman, 1943 stat. nov., and Koebeliina Baker, 1897 stat. nov. (= Grypotinae Haupt, 1929 syn. nov.). Eupelicini Sahlberg, 1871 is redefined to include the nominotypical subtribe, Drakensbergenina Linnavuori, 1979 stat. nov., Paradorydiina Evans, 1936, and Stenometopiina Baker, 1923 stat. nov. Penthimiini Kirschbaum, 1868 includes junior synonym Magnentiini Linnavuori, 1978 syn. nov. Platymetopiini Haupt, 1928 is reinstated from synonymy under Athysanini to include the Palearctic type genus and most of the endemic Neotropical genera previously included in Athysanini; it also includes Cerrillini Linnavuori, 1975 syn. nov. Scaphoideini Oman, 1943 is redefined to include the nominotypical subtribe, Drabescina Ishihara, 1953 stat. nov. (= Paraboloponidae Ishihara, 1953, syn. reinstated), and Phlepsiina Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013 stat. nov. Selenocephalini Fieber, 1872, is redefined to include the nominotypical subtribe Selenocephalina (= Ianeirini Linnavuori, 1978 syn. nov., Adamini Linnavuori & Al-Ne’amy, 1983 syn. nov., and Dwightlini McKamey, 2003 syn. nov.) and subtribes Bonaspeiina Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013 stat. nov., and Hypacostemmina Linnavuori & Al-Ne’amy, 1983 stat. nov. Vartini Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013 is redefined to include the nominotypical subtribe, Punctulina Dai et al., 2017 stat. nov., and Bambusanina subtribe nov., which is erected to include seven bamboo-feeding genera formerly placed in Athysanini. Several genera are also transferred among tribes based on the recent phylogenomic results. A complete list of tribes, subtribes, and their included genera is provided. Paramesanus Dlabola, 1979 syn. nov. is considered a junior synonym of Awasha Heller & Linnavuori, 1968 resulting in the new combination Awasha wittmeri (Dlabola, 1979) comb. nov. Mascoitanus Linnavuori & Heller, 1961 stat. nov., formerly a subgenus of Brasilanus Linnavuori, 1959, is raised to generic status resulting in the new combination Mascoitanus lateralis (Linnavuori & Heller, 1961) comb. nov. Omanellinus Zhang 1999 syn. nov. is considered a junior synonym of Omanella Merino, 1936, resulting in the new combination, Omanella populus (Zhang, 1999) comb. nov. Xugyrosus nom. nov., is proposed as a replacement name for Gyrosus Xu & Zhang, 2023, resulting in the new combination, Xugyrosus deltodontus (Xu & Zhang, 2023) comb. nov.</p