2694 research outputs found
Sort by
Exploring the attitudes and perceptions of Foundation Phase teachers towards Inclusive Education in Vhembe West District
No full textM. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)Department of Professional and Curriculum StudiesThe study explored the attitudes and “perceptions of Foundation Phase teachers towards inclusive education. Learners with special needs are often excluded or overlooked in early childhood education, yet it is enshrined in the Constitution of South Africa that every child has a fundamental right to education. An interpretivist paradigm was used in the study. The study was qualitative. The population for this study comprised all Foundation Phase teachers in full-service schools in Vhembe West District. A purposive sample of 6 Foundation Phase teachers from three selected schools was used. Data was collected using interviews, classroom observation and document analysis. Data was analysed thermatically. The study found out that Foundation Phase teachers have negative attitudes and perceptions towards inclusive education, which disadvantages learners with special needs. To improve the attitudes and perceptions of Foundation Phase teachers towards inclusive education, the study recommends the following strategies: ongoing support forf teachers through teacher training, workshops and teacher engagement with parents and caregivers of leaners with special needs. The study also recommends the provision of equipment and facilities for the smooth implementation of inclusive education in schools
Developing guidelines for the protection of indigeneous knowledge under agreement establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area
No full textPhD ( Law)Department of Public LawThis study examines the efficacy of protecting indigenous knowledge within the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement. It examines the efforts aimed at establishing a robust legal and policy framework within the AfCFTA to foster African economic development. Although the Protocol to the Agreement Establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area on Intellectual Property Rights (IP Protocol) has been adopted, there is yet to be an annex on indigenous knowledge, traditional cultural expressions, and genetic resources. Therefore, this study proposes guidelines and a structured framework to guide the development of this annex.
As a desktop (doctrinal) research, this study examines international, regional, and national legal frameworks, best practices, case law, and academic literature on the protection of indigenous knowledge. Grounded in a combined biopiracy, IP, and, free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) conceptual framework, this study develops an "Integrated Indigenous Knowledge Protection Theory," which justifies the adaptation of the conventional IP regimes and developing a sui generis regime for indigenous knowledge protection. This approach encapsulates the incorporation of the IP regime, indigenous peoples’ rights, customary rules, and administrative and institutional framework for protecting indigenous knowledge.
To achieve the study objectives, the thesis explores the propriety of using trade agreements, particularly the AfCFTA Agreement, to protect indigenous knowledge. It then examines the approaches adopted in existing international and national legal, policy and practices on the protection of indigenous knowledge. From this, the study proposes useful guidelines and effective structure for the Annex to the IP Protocol. Ultimately, this study advances the argument that a comprehensive framework that balances the economic exploitation of indigenous knowledge and the associated resources, with the rights indigenous people/communities have over these resources will effectively guide policy and lawmakers towards developing a framework that will ensure the protection of indigenous knowledge for the actualisation of the objectives of the AfCFTA Agreement
Understanding the properties of the interface between graphene and transition metal oxide thin films using first principle approaches
No full textPhD (Physics)Department of PhysicsRecently, carbonaceous nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes
and two-dimensional graphene have attracted the attention of
the scienti c community in probes to improve energy conversion
and storage technologies. The graphene sheet is preferred due to
its large speci c area,
exible structure, high transparency, excellent
mobility of charge carriers and is expected to be able to
slow the charge recombination. Graphene/transition metal oxides
nanocomposite study has become much of a wide interest recently
with metal oxides like TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, etc. These metal oxides
are used as thin lms in photovoltaic technology to harness
energy. The nal composite embodies both the transport properties
of the former and the semiconducting properties of the latter
species. This work describes an analysis of the electronic and optical
properties of the nal composite studied using the Density
Functional Theory (DFT) in application to dye-sensitized solar
cells (DSSCs). The study aims to slow charge recombination in
DSSCs and improve the e ciency of the cell. The geometry optimizations
for the electronic and optical properties were performed
by the rst principle calculations based on density functional theory.
Various supercells of graphene were modelled and, optimized
and their properties were calculated. The results show that different
graphene supercells have di erent electronic and optical
properties. When graphene is incorporated into a brookite TiO2,
the composite results show a reduced energy band gap compared
to that of a brookite TiO2 without a graphene on it. The optical
properties showed graphene/TiO2 increases absorption in the
infrared region.ARMSCOR and NITheC
Sustainability of South African Homestays: an integrated approach for Tourism and Hospitality Development
No full textPhD (Tourism and Hospitality Management)Department of Tourism and Hospitality ManagementThis study aimed to develop a framework for enhancing the sustainability of homestays in South Africa, addressing the lack of standardized quality control and certification programs. This absence leads to inconsistent service quality, making it difficult for tourists to set clear expectations. The research assessed the current state of homestays by profiling various types through online surveys, including web pages and social media platforms like Facebook. A case study approach was used to evaluate the economic, environmental, and social factors influencing homestay sustainability. Six homestays (two per province—urban and rural) across three provinces (Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal) were selected for in-depth interviews. Surveys were conducted with 120 households near each homestay to examine local community perceptions.
The findings revealed the need for government intervention to establish clear policies for regulating homestay standards. This would address inconsistencies and improve service quality and sustainability. The study also emphasized the importance of adopting responsible environmental practices, such as solar energy, sustainable water management, and better waste disposal systems, to mitigate long-term environmental damage. It recommended training programs to encourage sustainable tourism practices among homestay operators. The research further identified the vulnerability of homestays to climate change, particularly in rural, ecologically sensitive areas. Strategies to enhance climate resilience, such as eco-friendly infrastructure and disaster preparedness, were suggested. Additionally, technological challenges were identified, particularly in rural areas where limited access to digital platforms restricts marketing efforts. The study recommended capacity-building initiatives to improve the visibility and profitability of homestays through digital marketing and online platforms.
Regarding community perceptions, the study found that local communities generally viewed homestays positively, with no major social or economic changes observed. However, the study suggests further research, including structured surveys targeting various community groups, to assess the broader impacts of homestays on the economy, society, and environment
Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Lannea discolor (Sond.) Engl. and evaluation of their biological efficacy
No full textPhD (Botany)Department of Biological SciencesWorldwide, herbal medicine has become a preferred source of therapy as it contains an array of bioactive phytochemicals, is biologically compatible, and has been used to synthesize nanoparticles with advanced therapeutic potential. Lannea discolor, commonly known as “dikbas,” occurs in southern Africa and is extensively utilized as a traditional medicine. This study explores the phytochemical composition of the plant extracts, identifying potential active compounds. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening and radical scavenging capabilities of the crude extracts of Lannea discolor revealed the presence and abundance of flavonoids, fatty acids, phenolics, and terpenoids and high antioxidant activity. Using LC-MS, several compounds were elucidated by comparing the molecular formulae and retention times with those already published in various chemical databases. The extracts displayed efficient antibacterial activity when evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, the methanolic and acetone extracts were highly toxic against the Caco-2 cancer cell line. The study also focuses on the green synthesis of copper, gold, and silver nanoparticles using Lannea discolor plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents.
Biosynthesis of copper, gold, and silver nanoparticles was executed using the different extracts at temperatures of 25 °C and 80 °C. The composition of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed visually by the observation of color change and characterized by UV-Vis, FEGSEM, EDX, HRTEM, FTIR, and Zetasizer. Plasmon resonance peaks confirmed that the particle interfaces were coated with phytochemicals. Evaluation of the zeta potential affirmed the extent of the stability of the NPs, as substantiated by conclusive negative potential values. Elemental mapping revealed particles consisting of copper, gold, and silver among the main elements. The nanoflowers resulting from the reduction of leaf extracts and the nanoparticles acquired from the stem and root of Lannea discolor ranged from 30–97 nm and 9–37 nm, respectively, while the copper nanoparticles had sizes of 20–104 nm. Both nanoparticles showed potential for application in biomedicine and conductivity for manufacturing industries. The gold nanoparticles exhibited exceptional antibacterial activity, while the copper nanoparticles had no activities.
Furthermore, silver nanoparticles were synthesized to evaluate their antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity against Caco-2 cells. The spherical silver nanoparticles had notable activity against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae, and were able to inhibit cell proliferation in Caco-2 cells, demonstrating their intrinsic potential as both antibacterial and anticancer agents. Additionally, the nanoparticles showed notable antioxidant activities. As the first study based on phytochemical profiling of L. discolor, this work highlights its potential for unexploited medicinal properties. This was the first study on nanoparticle synthesis of L. discolor, and it contributes positively to the eco-friendly and liberal
technique of fabricating nanoparticles for the manufacturing of novel drugs from plants used as alternative medicine.National Research Foundation (NRF
The determinants of tax evasion amongst small and medium - sized enterprises (SMEs): Evidence from Limpopo Province, South Africa
No full textMaster Commerce in AccountingDepartment of AccountancyTax evasion presents a major socio-economic obstacle to progress in numerous developing nations. It is widely practiced in South Africa, weakening the government's primary funding source for public spending. This study sought to pinpoint the primary factors that impact tax evasion in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises located in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A Likert-scale survey gathered information from 210 small and medium-sized enterprises in Limpopo Province. Several statistical analyses were utilised, and data were analysed using STATA version 17. The study findings revealed that the key factors contributing to tax evasion are the likelihood of being caught, the tax rate setup, high tax rates, perceived unfairness in taxes, the intricacy of the tax system, fiscal inequality, and the absence of moral responsibility. The OLS regression analysis found meaningful positive relationships between tax evasion and factors like the likelihood of detection, the layout of the tax rate schedule, perceived fairness of taxes, and fiscal inequality. Furthermore, there were significant negative relationships between high tax rates and moral obligation with tax evasion. In contrast, the tax system had a positive relationship that was not statistically significant. These results provide an essential understanding for the South African Revenue Service, the government, and researchers. The outcomes can guide the creation of policies to address disparities in the tax system, leading to a decrease in tax evasion and an enhancement in revenue collection within the Limpopo Province
Investigating challenges facing women-led ministries: a case study of Pentecostal Churches in Thohoyandou, Thulamela Municipality
No full textM.A. in TheologyDepartment of Arts and Social SciencesThis study investigated women-led ministries within the Pentecostal churches in Thohoyandou, Thulamela Municipality, concentrating on the obstacles encountered by these female leaders. There is a focus on spiritual empowerment in the Pentecostal churches; despite this, their women leaders face distinct challenges that differ from those of their male counterparts, such as resistance to female leadership and gender stereotyping, which hinder their capacity to accomplish their ministerial roles. The study aimed to: (1) identify obstacles faced by women-led Pentecostal churches; (2) investigate attitudes within these churches, and (3) analyse statistical growth trends in women-led Pentecostal churches. A qualitative approach was utilised, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with nine purposely-selected female leaders from Pentecostal congregations in Thohoyandou. A thematic analysis was employed to examine and interpret the data. The results indicated considerable differences in leadership experiences between males and females in Pentecostal congregations, with women encountering cultural, theological, and institutional obstacles. Notwithstanding these hurdles, women-led churches showed favourable development trends due to the women’s inclusive leadership approaches and community involvement. The study advocates for awareness campaigns, educational activities, and additional research on women-led ministries to tackle the highlighted challenges and advance gender equality in religious leadership
Genre dispostions in crime films of Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textPh.D. (Arts and Social Sciences)Department of Arts and Social SciencesCinema as a key discussant of topics within the societal dialogue, is an assertion widely acceded to, by film scholars. The analysis of cinema and its significance within that dialogic matrix is then a vital tool in the review of society. This study is pegged upon the idea of comprehension of the generic concept in film and foregrounding the discourse on African cinematic products as purveyors of discernible aesthetics, and platforms of tightening the gaze and critique on other facets of society. Genre is one of the principal elements of cinema, which, invites a study into this largely unexplored subject within African cinematic exegesis. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the audio-visual aesthetics, narrative aspects, and language aspects, of sampled crime films from sub-Saharan Africa, and to relate their thematic framing to existential realities within the depicted jurisdictions and African societies by extension. To achieve this, qualitative inquiry methods were applied to collect and analyse the data drawn from the films. The primary data was interspersed with secondary data and organized thematically, railed on two theories: Genre theory tenets by Steve Neale and Post-Afrocentric perspectives as advanced by Tejumola Olaniyan. The findings of this study go a long way in advancing the generic concept in African cultural studies, appraising genre within the contemporary practice and relating cinematic storytelling to contemporary realities of the continental African, which serve as a window of understanding crime as an existential challenge to Sub-Saharan Africa
Impact of Teachers in School Management Team to Enhance Learners Academic Performance: A Case of Dzondo Circuit, Vhembe District
No full textMED in Educational ManagementDepartment of Educational StudiesTeachers are essential members of the School Management Team (SMT), with a significant impact on learners’ academic performance. Their experience, guidance, and support help to create a positive and conducive learning environment. However, one major issue with the existing structure is that teachers are rarely actively involved in decision-making processes that have a direct impact on learners' academic and overall development. This lack of involvement impacts the full capacity of teachers to positively influence the school's management and, eventually, the learners' performance in school. Addressing this issue and acknowledging teachers' important contributions to decision-making processes within the SMT is critical for maximising the impact on learner academic performance. This research presented a study that aimed to explore the impact of teachers in SMTs on enhancing learner academic performance. The study adhered to the interpretive paradigm and utilised a qualitative case study approach to answer the research question. The target population consisted of departmental heads, deputy principals, and principals of primary and secondary schools in the Dzondo Circuit, Vhembe District, Limpopo, South Africa. A non-probability sample was adopted in selecting 30 participants using an expert sample. Semi-structured interview schedule instruments were used to collect data. An interview template analysis style was employed, whereby categories were driven by the research questions. Data from the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis to attain answers from the collected data. Three key findings from the research: Teachers play a vital role in school improvement through their participation in SMTs; SMTs contribute to improved academic performance via strong leadership, accountability, and partnerships within the community; and learners' performance is influenced by various interconnected factors. The findings of this study sought to have important implications for teachers, heads of departments, principals, curriculum advisors, and learners in imparting meaningful knowledge to learners. The study provided suggestions on remedial actions to be undertaken by SMTs to ensure that teachers supported the vision and mission of the school
The impact of computer simulations on Grade 11 lrarners conceptual understanding of photosynthesis
No full textMED in Science EducationDepartment of Professional and Curriculum StudiesConceptual understanding is fundamental in Life Sciences. Computer Simulations (CS) can be used to improve conceptual understanding. This study investigated the use of CS to enhance the conceptual knowledge of Grade 11 learners in photosynthesis compared to the traditional teaching method. The study used the Multimedia Learning Theory (MLT) as its theoretical model and the constructivist approach in MLT. The research paradigm used is positivism since it relies mainly on experimentation. A quantitative research design was used. The study used a quasi-experimental design to observe the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The population was made up of secondary schools under Elim and Hlanganani Circuits. A purposive sampling procedure was used to sample participants. The sample was drawn from the grade 11 learners from four different schools under the two Circuits. Data was collected through tests and questionnaires. Validity and reliability were applied to ensure the quality and accuracy of research instruments. Data was analyzed and interpreted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 software.
The study investigated the effectiveness of CS in improving the conceptual understanding of grade 11 learners in photosynthesis. The quasi-experimental design involved a sample of 200 learners, 100 as the experimental and 100 as the control group. A pre-test was administered to all learners to assess their prior knowledge of photosynthesis. Thereafter, the experimental group was exposed to CS, while the control group used the traditional teaching method. Both groups were given the post-test to assess their understanding of photosynthesis. A questionnaire was also administered to gather the learner's views on simulations. The result displayed an important improvement in learners' understanding of photosynthesis after using CS and decreased misconceptions. The findings of this study were that CS can be used as a valuable tool in teaching and learning photosynthesis and deliver ideas for the application and design of a simulation-based learning environment