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Foliar disease infection on some forest trees
Get PDFIn a routine survey foliar disease causing fungi were identified as Phytopthora sp. on leaves of Bauhinia varigata, Alternaria sp. on Cordia dichotoma, Helminthosporium sp. and Alternaria sp. on leaves of Azadirachta indica, Helminthosporium sp on leaves of Pterocarpus santalims Alternaria sp. on Ziziphus mauritiana as well as Eagle marmelos and Fusarium sp. on Acacia leucophloea leafs
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) growth and yield as influenced by organic farming practices
Get PDFThe present investigation was carried out to study effect of organic manures on growth, yield and corm production of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under Karewa condition of Kashmir Himalaya. The different organic manures and their combinations significantly affected vegetative, floral and yield attributes of saffron. Floral attributes of saffron were also significantly affected by different organic manure treatments and recorded maximum value for pistil length (4.19 and 4.13 cm), pistil fresh weight (40.21 and 42.00 mg) and pistil dry weight (8.01 and 8.05 mg) in T13 (33.33% FYM+ 33.33% vermicompost+ 33.33% poultry manure) during both years. Flowers number/m2 (48.27 and 55.21) and saffron yield (3.84 and 4.44 kg/ha) was observed highest in treatment T13 (33.33% FYM+ 33.33% vermicompost+ 33.33% poultry manure) followed by T11 (25% FYM+ 25% vermicompost + 50% poultry manure) with flowers number/m2 (45.27 and 50.55) and saffron yield (3.60 and 4.09 kg/ha) as against lowest in T14 control. Highest total saffron yield and corm yield (8.28 kg/ha and 10.05 t/ha) was found in T13 (33.33% FYM+ 33.33% vermicompost+ 33.33% poultry manure) which was statistically at par (7.69 kg/ha and 9.64 t/ha) with T11 (25% FYM+ 25% vermicompost + 50% poultry manure) and lowest was recorded (2.92 kg/ha 7.12 t/ha) in T14 control, respectively. Treatment T13 (33.33% FYM+ 33.33% vermicompost+ 33.33% poultry manure) produced highest B:C ratio 4.24 followed by 3.98 in T11 (25% FYM+ 25% vermicompost + 50% poultry manure) and lowest 2.63 in T14 control
Study the influence of climate change on Clavigralla gibbosa (Spinola) in pigeonpea
Get PDFMonitoring and population dynamics of tur pod bug, Clavigralla gibbosa in unprotected pigeonpea crop during kharif seasons from 2011 to 2014 at the Farmers field of Jurdcial area of S.D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar, North Gujarat, India. Temperature, rainfall and host-plant species were analyzed with respect to population fluctuation of the tur pod bug. The observations revealed that, the average number of larval population per plant in the season (from 27th to 3rd standard weeks) was 0.97, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.38 larvae per plant during 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. Population of C. gibbosa had significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r= -0.73), rainfall (r= -0.29) and relative humidity (r= -0.79, r= -0.58 morning and evening, respectively)
Diversity and ecology of rotifers in sadul branch of sirhind feeder, Hanumangarh (Rajasthan)
Get PDFThe Thar Desert is a desolated vast sandy stretch of inhospitable landscape. The ecology of this desert is characterized by harsh climatic conditions. For harnessing the harsh desert conditions, water is the most important component. To overcome adverse climatic conditions, the Sirhind Feeder was conceived in this region. Rotifers are one of the most important constituents of zooplankton community in fresh water ecosystem. These minute and delicate animals comprise an integral part in the aquatic food chain. Rotifers are hardy enough to tolerate extreme environmental conditions, features that place them in the class of best bioindicators of water quality. Present study was made to explore the diversity, density and ecology of rotifer fauna in sadul branch of Sirhind Feeder in Hanumangarh (29o5\u27 to 30o6\u27 north latitude and 74o3\u27 to 75o3\u27 east longitudes). The observations were made for a period of six months (January 2014 to June 2014). Physico-chemical conditions revealed that canal was shallow with turbid, well oxygenated, alkaline, hard and saline water. The study revealed the occurrence of seven species of rotifers represented by Keratella vulga, Keratella cochlearis, Brachionus bidentata, Brachionus calyciflorus, Filinia longiseta, Monostyla lunaris and Monostyla quadridentata. Rotifers were noted as peak population during the month of April (290 No./l)
Quality of guava products (squash, RTS and jam) prepared from preserved
Get PDFThis study was carried out to utilize the preserved guava pulp for preparing squash, RTS and jam and evaluate its quality (at 3 months). For this the pulp of two guava varieties (L-49 and Lalit) preserved with nine different treatments viz., potassium meta bi-sulphite 0.1% (T1), sodium benzoate 0.1% (T2), potassium meta bi-sulphite + sodium benzoate 0.05% each, sodium benzoate + potassium sorbate 0.05% (T4), potassium meta bi-sulphite + potassium sorbate 0.05% each (T5), potassium sorbate 0.025% (T6), potassium sorbate 0.05% (T7), potassium sorbate 0.1% (T8) and frozen storage -200 C (T9) and replicated four times with two experimental sets under Factorial CRD. The results revealed that at the end of storage (90 days) analyzed good qualitative characters TSS, acidity, sugars, ascorbic acid, pH by in low temperature storage (-20 0C) followed by addition of potassium meta bi-sulphite 0.1% and sodium benzoate + potassium meta bi-sulphite 0.05% each. Prepared squash, RTS and jam from preserved guava pulp also have good quality
Enhancing forest productivity through afforestation on arid salt affected sandy soils in Rajasthan
Get PDFSoil salinity/alkalinity is an important factor adversely affecting soil health and plant productivity on arid salt affected soils. In India, 6.73 m ha area has been reported to be salt affected of which about 50 % (2.98 m ha) occurs in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and Punjab. Utilization of these salt affected areas has become necessary owing to increasing need for fodder and fuel wood for rural poor but they require specific approaches for their reclamation. Experimental trials were conducted on lithic, calcid, coarse sandy to loamy sand salt affected soil in Jodhpur, Rajasthan to find out suitable exotic and indigenous plant species and planting practice to increase the production. Results on performances of various tree and shrub species with management practices showed that Salvadora persica (L) a preferential halophyte, evergreen multipurpose indigenous tree proved most versatile with 85.2 to 66.7 %, survival in different treatments at 72 months of age . Effect of treatments was positive and T6 (gypsum + 9g N) was the best treatment attaining 207cm of height and 212 cm of crown diameter, which was 38 % and 24 % more than the untreated plants. It produced 12.0 kg/tree of above ground biomass followed by 10.7kg and 8.8kg in T8 (gyp + 27g N) and T2 (9 g N) respectively which was 71%, 53% & 27% more than the control (untreated plants). There is no decrease in survival even after 18 years. In another experimental set up tree species like Sueada nudiflora, Atriplex lentiformis and Atriplex stocksii performed well on different types of mound techniques i.e. Double ridge mound (DRM) and Circular dished mound (CDM). Based on survival and growth S. nudiflora was the best species followed by A. lentiformis and A.stocksii. Overall DRM was the best planting practice producing maximum mean dry biomass. C. mopane (Kirk et Benth), an exotic species of south central Africa, maintained 89 % overall mean survival after five years and plants on CDM structure attained 113 & 158 cm as mean height and crown diameter respectively as compared to 101 & 151 cm for control at 60 months of age. Overall plants on CDM recorded a mean 1.45kg green biomass yield/plant which is 5.9% more compared to control (1.37kg)