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Pest status of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in arid regions of India: a review
Get PDFDate Palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is considered one of the fruit trees that belong to Palmaceae. The genus consists of fourteen species distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. Many arthropod species are known as pests of the date palm throughout the World. Its reported on more than 50 species of insects and mites as pests of date palms in worldwide. In which, approximately 25% of these species of insects and mites are considered serious pests. In India, the main pests are white scale, Parlatoria blanchardii; lesser date moth, Batrachedra amydraula; red palm weevil (coconut weevil), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, great date moth, Arenipses sabella, Alternaria leaf spot, Alternaria alternate, fruit rot, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum and they are well adapted to the oasis environment, have been reported to cause serious losses to date palm. Date palm scale is very serious on young palms between two to eight years of age, but even under severe attacks, the palm and its offshoots do not die. The scale insect was observed as major pests in all the orchards in mild to severe form ranging from 1.10 cm² at Dantore to 18.77 cm² at Bikaner. Lesser date moth is an important insect pest of date palm infesting fruits. The lesser date moth is second major pest of date palm in Rajasthan and the incidence of this pest was around 16 to 35 %. Fruit rot disease incidence was recorded during survey program from 10.0 and 30.5% in Bajju and Bikaner, respectively. Alternaria leaf spot disease incidence was noticed in KVK, Fatehpur (Rajasthan) up to 45.50%
Effect of auxins and cytokinin on budding and growth of saplings of bael (Aegle marmelos Correa.)- a medicinal plant
Get PDFIn this investigation, NB-9 cultivar of bael (Aegle marmelos Correa.) was selected as mother plant for obtaining scion bud. The foliar spray of NAA, IBA and BA (25 and 50 ppm each) either on rootstock or/and scion branch was applied seven days prior to budding. The most responsive treatment was foliar spray on rootstocks with BA at 50 ppm concentration. Rootstocks treated with BA (50 ppm) resulted in early bud breaking (10.67 days), maximum bud sprouting percentage (100%), length of sprouted scion 30 days after budding (22 cm), diameter of sprouted scion (2.53 mm), number of leaves (7.13) and maximum scion growth initiation in plants (87.50%) as compared to other treatments. In another experiment, when plant growth regulators were applied to scion branch of mother plant at seven days prior to budding, did not respond satisfactorily with respect to almost all the parameters except bud sprouting percentage and bud survival percentage. These treatments failed to have promotive effect on length of scion shoot and percentage of plants with scion growth
Effect of organic manures and different levels of NPK on growth and quality of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted during kharif, season 2012 to study the effect of organic manures and different levels of NPK on growth and quality of Bottle gourd. The experiment consisting of 16 treatments viz., four levels of NPK (control, 100:50:50, 80:40:40 and 60:30:30) and organic manures (control, vermicompost, poultry manure and FYM) designed in factorial RBD with three replications. Results indicated that application of NPK (100:50:50) + vermicompost (5.0 t/ha) was recorded minimum days taken to appearance of first female flower, maximum length of main vine (m), number of primary branches per vine, length and width of leaf (cm) 45 days after sowing, minimum node number at first female flower appeared, protein content in fruit, crude fibre content in fruit, nitrogen content in fruit, phosphorus content in fruit, potassium content in fruit, yield q/ha and return rupees investment
Performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes in Kymore plateau and Satpura Hills of Madhya Pradesh
Get PDFThe experimental material comprised of fifteen genotypes of cowpea including two checks viz. Kashi Kanchn and Arka Garima received from AICRP on Vegetable Crops, IIVR, Varanasi. The objective of the experiment was to identify suitable genotypes to be used as cultivar in Kymore plateau and Satpura Hillsof Madhya Pradesh. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences between genotypes indicating presence of sufficient amount of variability in all the characters studied. Wide range of variability was observed for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of inflorescences per plant, number of pods per inflorescence, pod yield per plant, number of pods per plant and days to last pod harvest indicating the scope for selection of suitable initial breeding material for further improvement. On the basis of the mean performance of the genotypes among traits studied, the following were identified as promising lines for further crop improvement in cowpea viz., 2012/COPBVAR-6, 2014/COPBVAR-6 and 2014/COPBVAR-5. Among all the genotypes studied, genotype2012/COPBVAR-6 recorded the highest pod yield per plant and found suitable to the local agro-climatic conditions
Effect of micro irrigation on growth, yield and quality of sardar guava under semi arid conditions of Rajasthan
Get PDFA field experiment on guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Sardar was carried out at Department of Horticulture, Udaipur. There were seven treatments i.e., drip irrigation at 25%ET through 2drippers/ plant per day (T1), irrigation at 50% ET through 3 Drippers/plant daily (T2), irrigation at 75% ET through 4 drippers/plant daily (T3), irrigation at 25% ET through 2 dripper/plant on alternate day (T4), irrigation at 50% ET through 3 dripper/plant on alternate day (T5) and irrigation at 75% ET through 4 dippers plant on alternate day (T6) and conventional flow irrigation at 0.75 CPE (T7). Plants were planted at a spacing of 6x6metre under randomized block design with three replications and age of plant three years. Result revealed that the irrigation at 75% ET through 4 dippers per plant per day (T3) exhibited significantly higher plant height (350 cm), canopy volume (24.83 cubic metre), fruit weight (135g) and per plant yield (14.89 kg). While, in quality wise highest TSS in T3 (irrigation at 75% ET through 4 drippers/plant daily) and vitamin C content in control (T7)
