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A case study on milling quality of local paddy varieties of Manipur stored in traditional storage methods
No full textA case study was carried out to introduce improved indigenous storage structures for storing of four local cultivars of paddy. The improved structures were i) polythene lined bamboo storage structure, ii) metal bin, iii) bamboo storage structure plastered with mud and cowdung mix and iv) wooden storage structure. Effect of different storage structures on moisture content, milling recoveries, insect damage, losses due to moisture migration and germination percentage on four local cultivars of paddy, viz; KD, Huikap, Leimaphou and RCM-9 were investigated. Grains at initial moisture content of 12.5% (w.b.) were stored and changes in its quality parameters were observed for 10 months with intervals of one month. The highest changes in grain moisture content were observed in bamboo mat structures plastered with mud-cowdung mix in all paddy cultivars (16.10-16.50%) except in KD (15.20%) after 10 months and the lowest changes were observed in wooden storage structures ranging from 13.75 to 14.22% (w.b.). No significant change in head rice recovery upto four months were observed. However highest head rice yield of 65.91% in KD and lowest 57.00% in Huikap cultivar were observed in wooden structure and bamboo mat structure respectively. Similarly, insect damage on grain was significant only after 4 months and was highest in bamboo mud structure followed by polythene lined bamboo structure. The highest grain loss of 5.0-5.3% was observed in metal bin due to moisture migration in the structure. Germination test of 10 months stored grains did not show significant difference in all cultivars stored in polythene lined bamboo structure, metal bin and wooden storage structure ranging from 90-93% germination. However, bamboo structure plastered with mud-cowdung mix structure gave the poorest germination capacity of 80%
Genomic and biotechnological interventions for crop improvement in cucurbitaceous crops: A review
Get PDFThe cucurbitaceous family has comprised with diverse economically important cucurbits. It primarily comprised of 118 genera and 825 species which being consumed as food worldwide since the domestication of the plants. In India, cucurbits are being grown throughout regions of the country including hot semi-arid and arid zones. With the advent of genomic breakthrough, a large number of genomic and biotechnological interventions have been developed in cucurbitaceous crops. The plenty of molecular markers are available in cucurbits and these markers were deployed to assess the genetic diversity and mapping of the QTLS/genes of interest. The success in development of genomic tools may happens by genome sequencing of mostly important cucurbitaceous crops such as watermelon, cucumber, muskmelon, bottle gourd, pumpkins. Transgenic and non-transgenic plants were developed in various cucurbitaceous crops by employing of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and CRISPR/CAS9 approach, respectively. Thus cucurbitaceous crops have been considerably exploited at molecular level and biotechnological interventions were developed for crop improvement. However, a comprehensive report in cucurbitaceous crops regarding genomic and biotechnological developments is not available in public domain. Therefore, in the present review, we have collected the information related to genomics and biotechnology in cucurbits and emphasized on some successful interventions
Bioefficacy of paclobutrazol on growth, flowering, fruiting and yield attributes of mango cv. Dashehari under Pantnagar agro-climatic condition
Get PDFThe investigation was carried out to find out the bioefficacy of paclobutrazol on regular bearing of mango cv. Dashehari. Paclobutrazol was applied as soil drench around the tree trunk @ 15ml, 20ml, 25ml, 30ml, 35ml, 60ml and 30ml (ES)/ tree along with control. There was significant variations observed in growth, flowering, fruiting, yield and quality attributes due to different doses of paclobutrazol. Treatment T4 (paclobutrazol 30ml/tree) was found superior with respect to yield and quality parameters. It was found to reduce vegetative growth and increase flowering, fruit set, fruit retention, yield attributes, TSS, sugars, ascorbic acid and β carotene content. Therefore, it is finally recommended that paclobutrazol @ 30 ml/ tree should be applied for getting maximum fruit yield without affecting the fruit qualit
Do bottom-up effects (resistance) of different accessions of Indian cherry (Cordia myxa L.) help against tingid bug [Dictyla cheriani (Drake)] attack?
Get PDFThe tingid bug, Dictyla cheriani (Drake) [Hemiptera: Tingidae] is an important pest of Indian cherry (Cordia myxa L.), leading to significant losses in yield in the hot arid agro-climate of India. The objectives of this study were to identify and categorize sources of resistance in India cherry accessions to D. cheriani from the arid region of India. We found that: three accessions were resistant; 3 accessions were moderately resistant; 2 accessions were moderately susceptible; 2 accessions were susceptible and three accessions were highly susceptible to D. cheriani infestation. Free amino acid had positive correlation with infestation, whereas phenols, tannin, alkaloid and flavonoid contents had significant negative correlation with infestation. The infestation had significant negative correlation with leaf length and width. Phenols and flavonoid contents explained (96.9 and 96.1%, respectively) of the total variation in bug infestation and in bug density per leaf. One principal component was extracted explaining cumulative variation of 90.07% in infestation. The flavonoid, alkaloid, tannins, phenols content, roughness and hairyness were the novel antibiosis and antixenotic characters found in Indian cherry accessions, which were resistant to D. cheriani. Growers can adopt potential accessions of Indian cherry (Cordia myxa L.) as identified for resistance (AHCM-22-1, AHCM-25 and AHCM-34 accessions) with minimal financial investment for obtaining higher yields. The bio-physical traits linked to resistance of Indian cherry against D. cheriani could be used as marker traits in plant breeding programmes to develop resistant cultivars