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Effect of difference sources and levels of lime application on yield, nutrient availability and uptake of rice in acidic soils
Get PDFSoil acidity is an important agricultural problem while evaluating the production potential of most of the crops. A field experiment was conducted in farmers field at Gananadhasapuram village of Thovalaitaluk (strongly acidic soil) and Andarkulam village of Agastheswaramtaluk (moderately acidic soil) during Pishanam (Oct-Feb) and late Pishanam (Nov–Mar) season of 2017-2018 respectively, in the high rainfall zone to study the effect of different source and levels of lime on yield of rice and soil properties. Liming materials viz., dolomite and calcite were tried at different levels along with recommended fertilizers + ZnSO4. The experiment was conducted in RBD. The results of the experiment revealed that significantly higher grain (7.09 and 7.40 t ha-1) and straw (10.3 and 10.5 t ha-1) yield of rice were recorded with the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha-1) (T7) and @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) respectively in the strongly and moderately acidic soils along with recommended dose of fertilizers during pishanam and late pishanam seasons. Similarly, higher nutrient uptake was recorded in treatment T7 and T5 respectively both seasons as compared to other treatments. The soil pH, EC, available NPK, exchangeable Ca, Mg and DTPA extractable Zn, Cu were increased and the DTPA extractable Fe and Mn were decreased upon lime application irrespective of the sources. The economics of various treatments revealed that, the highest B:C ratio (1.86 and 2.56) was recorded with the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha1) (T7) and @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) along with recommended dose of fertilizers in the strongly and moderately acidic soils respectively during pishanam and late pishanam seasons. The study clearly indicated that in strongly acidic soils, the application of dolomite @ 0.75 LR (6.36 t ha-1) (T7) and in moderately acidic soils, dolomite @ 0.50 LR (1.6 t ha-1) (T5) along with recommended dose of fertilizers and ZnSO4 is found to be the best for getting higher yield and higher returns per rupee invested under rice cultivation
Scope and strategies for genetic improvement in vegetable crop-plants under high temperature and abiotic stressed climate of Rajasthan: A gap analysis
Get PDFUn-exploited, under-scored and native crop-plants of horticultural significance have enormous potential in providing nutrition rich food and social security to inhabitants of desert and tribal areas of the north-western India. While conducting surveys and explorations for horticultural perspective, and examining distinctness of hot arid, semi-arid and sub-humid climate of Rajasthan from 1994 – 2004, it was concluded that un-availability of apposite crop–genotypes and production techniques are two major constraints which limiting dry-land vegetable promotion. Traditionally, kachri, kakadia, mateera, tinda and guar-phali ensuring native vegetable produce, besides, khejri (Prosopis cineraria) is playing vital role in long-established mixed farming systems of arid farm-lands. In addition, native land-races of kakri, kheera, kundru, kakoda, cowpea, sem-phali and okra are monsoon supported vegetable harvest in the semi-arid and tribal areas of state. Establishment of NRCAH during 1993 at Bikaner supported systematic research on collection, characterization and conservation of native vegetable crop-plants as regional diversity, and further work was intensified on germplasm utilization in particular for high temperature and abiotic stresses tolerant breeding. The crop-genotype studies over 45 vegetables at CIAH demonstrated that there is magnificent scope in obtaining higher marketable and quality yields, provided better and trait-specific genotypes and production site management (HBCPSMA) as integrated concept for vegetable cultivation under hot arid environment. Thus, conserving germplasm, developing genotypes and newer technological advancement in arid vegetables is an advantage towards better nutrition and farmer’s income under dry-land conditions
Biotic stress (insect) of aonla (Emblica officinalis) in arid region of India: a review
Get PDFIndian gooseberry, Emblica officinalis popularly also known as Aonla, amla, amrit phal is found attacked various number of insect-pests causing considerable damage. In India, the major insect-pests reported from aonla are shoot gall maker Betousa stylophora; leaf roller, Caloptilia (Garcillaria) acidula; hairy caterpillar, Selepa celtis; bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quardrionotata; leaf roller, Tonica (Psorosticha) ziziphy; bag worm, Zeuzera sp.; fruit borer, Meridarchis sp.; pomegranate butter fly, Deudorix isocrates; fruit sucking moth, Achaea janata; fruit midge, Clinodiplosis sp.; cow bug, Tricentrus congestus; plant hopper, Seliza truncate; spherical mealy bug, Nipaecoccus viridis; weevil, Myllocerus discolour; termite, Odontotermes obesus; leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella and hairy caterpillars, Euproctis fraterna
Effect of zinc and boron on yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) in alifisols of Tamirabarni tract
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at Agriculture College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tamil Nadu during Rabi season crop, 2017-18 to determine the effect of zinc and boron as well as soil test crop response (STCR) application of N, P and K for achieving higher yield and better quality. The results showed that yield parameters like bulb lets clump-1 (6.4), polar diameter (3.35 cm), equatorial diameter (2.98 cm), weight of bulb (85.2g) and bulb yield (16.85 t ha-1) and bulb qualities such as total soluble solids (15.7 oBrix), ascorbic acid content (13.95 mg 100g-1), protein (8.46%) and pyruvic acid content (4.82 μmol g-1) was better in application of STCR (106:97:54 kg of NPK ha-1) + ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 with 0.5% foliar spray. This treatment recorded the highest net income (254243 ha-1) and B: C ratio (4.07)
Evaluation of aggregatum onion (Allium cepa L.var. aggregatum Don.) genotypes for yield and quality traits
Get PDFField experiment was conducted with twenty local genotypes of aggregatum onion (Alliumcepa L.var.aggregatum Don.) collected from Tamil Nadu during 2017-2018 at the experimental field of Department of Vegetable Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam to identify the superior aggregatum onion genotypes for high yield and quality. Among the 20 genotypes evaluated, significant variations were observed for the traits viz., Plant height (cm), leaf length (cm), number of leaves per plant, bulb length (cm), bulb diameter (cm), bulb colour, number of bulbs per clump, fresh weight of bulb (g), dry weight of bulb (g), total soluble solids (obrix), pyruvic acid ( µmol g-1). On the basis of high per se performance the genotype Puttarasal (Aca2) recorded the highest plant height, leaf length, bulb diameter, number of bulbs per clump, dry weight of bulb, total soluble solids, and pyruvic acid content. This genotype could be further carried out for producing high yield and best quality onion variety through further breeding programmes
Influence of corm size and spacing on growth and yield of gladiolus under Nilgiris condition
Get PDFGladiolus is one of the most popular ornamental bulbous plants grown in many parts of the world as cut flower and bedding plant for its bewitching flowers. It is an emerging cut flower with enormous potential to be used extensively. The present study was conducted to standardize corm size and spacing in order to obtain quality produce to meet the quality standards. The corms of gladiolus cv. White Prosperity of three size group (01-10, 11-20, 21-30 g) were planted in three spacing (40 × 20, 30 × 30, 30 × 20 cm2) and data were recorded on vegetative, flowering and corm production. The research revealed the days taken for 80% emergence of the crop, plant height at flowering (cm), leaf length at flowering (cm), rachis length (cm), floret length (cm), number of florets/ spike, no. of corms/plant, average corm weight (g), average corm diameter (cm) were found superior in gladiolus corm of size 21-30 g planted at a spacing of 40 x 20 cm2 under Nilgiris condition