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Farmer Interest Groups: an effective pathway for enhancing agricultural production, productivity and profitability
Get PDFThe present study was conducted to assess the impact of Farmers’ Interest Groups on transfer of technologies and enhancing agricultural production, productivity and profitability of farming community of Panchmahal district of central Gujarat, India. For impact assessment study, 10 FIGs were selected randomly from different villages of Kalol and Goghmba taluka of Panchmahal district. The results of present study revealed that the mean adoption level of scientific crop and dairy production technologies was found to be greater (82.53 MPS and 81.51 MPS) for the member of Farmer Interest Groups after technological interventions of KVK, Panchmahal as compared to the non-FIG members (54.47 MPS and 36.65 MPS), respectively. The overall difference in adoption level of scientific crop and dairy farming technologies of FIGs members and non FIG members was found to be 27.98 and 44.87 MPS, respectively. During the period of study, it was observed that the crop and dairy production under FIG recorded the higher yield than existing farmers\u27 practices. The percentage increase in yield was recorded 21.50 percent in milk production of cow to 58.72 percent in lucerne production over existing farmers\u27 practices. Based on the study, it may be inferred that the formation of Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs) has been highly beneficial to farmers. After realizing the benefits of FIGs, the beneficiary members were more active in participation, meetings and adoption of improved agriculture and animal husbandry technologies. Therefore, there is a need to bring out a comprehensive policy with institutional framework and adequate incentives for promotion of FIGs for crops -livestock based farming system in the country which will not only be helpful in agriculture and livestock production but also improve the socio-economic conditions of the farming community
Evaluation of different IPM modules against ber stone weevil, Aubeus himalayanus in hot arid region of India
Get PDFThe ber stone weevil, Aubeus himalayanus Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) appeared to be an emerging pest reported from various region of India. The stone weevil is an emerging threat for ber production in India especially in Northern India. The results showed that organic IPM module-II registered significantly lower stone weevil population (12.04 % on retained fruits & 15.04% in dropped fruits) followed by module-I (21.26 % on plant fruits & 26.15% in fallen fruits). The highest stone weevil population was observed under control module (49.23 % on retained fruits & 54.91% in dropped fruits). The marketable yield of ber fruits differed significantly under different modules. The fresh fruit yield of ber was observed in the order of organic IPM module-II (82.26 kg/ plant)> module-I (78.25 kg/ plant)> module-IV (73.14 kg/ plant)> module-III (64.81 kg/ plant) and least under control module (56.27 kg/ plant) in pooled both years. It can be inferred from the results that organic IPM module-II (Moderately resistant genotype (Umran), deep summer ploughing after pruning of plants, neem oil spray @ 5 ml per litre of water in October month, hand picking of damaged fruit and adult in November month and spray of spinosad 46 SC @ 0.4 ml per litre of water in December month) was highly effective and gave higher yield of marketable ber fruits. The benefit-cost ratio of the tested ber production systems in the control of stone weevil decreased in the following order: module-II (B: C ratio 10.41:1)> module-I (B: C ratio 9.41:1)> module-IV (B: C ratio 7.08:1)> module-III (B: C ratio 3.66:1)
Postharvest treatment of pyroligneous acid on solanaceous crops at different storage condition
Get PDFPyroligneous acid or wood vinegar is a liquid produced through natural carbonization of plant refuse and has been reported to improve harvest quality of vegetables. This study makes use of pyroligneous acid derived from bamboo refuse and applied as postharvest treatment on fruits of two solanaceous crops namely hot pepper and eggplant prior to storage. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment was laid out in two (2) sets of experiments in Completely Randomized Design with six treatment combinations and thirty replicates. Hot pepper (var. Chain Fair) and Eggplant (var. Fortuner) fruit samples were dipped for 1 min at different concentration of pyroligneous acid with control (no application), 20% v/v and 30% v/v and were stored at ambient (25-30°C) and refrigerated (8-10°C) conditions for a week. Fruits of both crops reached its limit of marketability at visual quality rating index of three in the 4th day of storage. Morphological characteristics particularly visual quality, firmness, shelf life and degree of shriveling was maintained better when stored under refrigerated condition. Fruit decay incidence regardless of storage condition was reduced especially with higher concentration of pyroligneous acid treatment. However, there were no marked variations of pyroligneous treatment on physico-chemical characteristics, color change, water content and dry matter content of hot pepper. The application of pyroligneous acid at 30% v/v retained better total soluble solid content of eggplant irrespective with storage conditions. Nonetheless, refrigeration delayed color changes, % cumulative weightloss, pH, fruit size, degree of shriveling and firmness
उप-सतही बूंद-बूंद सिंचाई (सब-सरफेस ड्रिप सिंचाई) द्धारा अनाज व नकदी की फसलों मे कम पानी में अधिक उत्पादन से लाभ
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Combining ability and gene action studies for horticultural traits in cowpea: A review
Get PDFIdentification of most suitable parents is one of the most important requirements in any crop improvement approach for development of elite lines/genotypes. The combining ability analysis helps to choose the best parents for crop improvement programmes for desirable traits. The attraction of combining ability is that it provides a reasonable basis for forecasting the performance of yet untested crosses but yet makes no assumptions genetically. This technique helps to choose the best hybrid combinations in terms of superiority over the parents and reveals the type of gene action associated in the inheritance of different characters. Therefore, combining ability study has been the most important and efficient tool for identifying the desirable parents for a crop improvement programme. The knowledge and information about the heritability of yield and its component traits in cowpea can be explored to develop high yielding cowpea varieties with wider adaptability as climate resilient approach to extenuate climate change through appropriate conventional and advance breeding methods. This review will be useful in understanding the opportunities offered by combining ability and gene action studies in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) for improving productivity and various horticultural traits
Study the inheritance of branching behaviour and bearing pattern in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.)
Get PDFThe present study was carried out to know about inheritance of two characters namely branching behavior and bearing pattern in clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] in F2 segregating population. The initial experimental material consisted of F1 seeds of three different crosses along with parents of clusterbean viz., F5 × RGC-1066, PNB × CAZG-16-10-3, IDB-29-2 × BSL(11×15). The segregating progenies were raised at 50 cm row to row and 20 cm plant to plant spacing. All the F2 segregating plants of a cross were tagged and observations were recorded periodically till confirmation of the phenotype. The statistical analysis done by chi square method to find the goodness of fit for genetic ratio for different gene action involved in these segregating populations. The present study revealed that the branching behavior was controlled by two pairs of genes interacting in different pattern in two segregating F2 population viz., PNB × CAZG-16-10-3 (9:6:1) exhibited polymeric gene action, F5 × RGC-1066 (9:3:4) exhibited with supplementary gene action, while IDB-29-2 × BSL (3:1) branching and bearing pattern controlled by one pair of gene which exhibited monogenic inheritance
HPSI of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties/ genotypes against fruit borers, Batrachedra amydraula and Arenipses sabella in hot arid region
Get PDFHost plant resistance is an important component for management of the fruit borers, Batrachedra amydraula and Arenipses sabella owing to difficulties associated with its chemical and biological control. A total of 32 date palm varieties/ genotypes were evaluated for screening against the fruit borers in hot arid region. The results showed that the percentage of fruit infestation of fruit borers, B. amydraula and A. sabella on tested varieties/ genotypes of datepalm varied significantly. Pooled data showed that the Migra, Tayer, Javantri and Medjool were found highly tolerant varieties/ genotypes with fruit infestation (5.32%, 8.40%, 8.40%, 8.78% of B. amydraula and 4.33%, 5.27%, 5.62%, 5.52% of A. sabella, respectively). Whereas, the varieties/ genotypes Zahidi, Suriya, Khasab and Khuneizi had fruit infestation (29.88%, 28.33%, 28.27%, 27.05% of B. amydraula and 20.67%, 19.83%, 17.40%, 19.95% of A. sabella, respectively) and declared as highly infestation varieties/ genotypes to the fruit borers. Lower values of host plant susceptibility indices based on fruit infestation (HPSI) were recorded on resistance varieties/ genotypes, Migra, Tayer, Javantri and Medjool (31.63%, 49.97%, 49.97%, 52.25% of B. amydraula and 40.16%, 48.81%, 52.05%, 51.13% of A. sabella, respectively) which could be used as a source of resistance for developing date palm varieties/ genotypes resistant to fruit borers