213 research outputs found
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Biological parameters and thermal requirements of Trichogramma chilonis reared on Corcyra cephalonica and Plutella xylostella eggs
No full textThe objective of this work was to determine the biological parameters and thermal requirements of Trichogramma chilonis strain reared on Corcyra cephalonica and Plutella xylostella eggs at College of Agriculture, CAU, Imphal, Manipur. The optimum temperature for the parasitism and emergence of T. chilonis was 25°C and the utmost longevity was found at the same temperature. Maximum parasitism was observed 84.14 and 82.71 per cent at 25°C, while minimum parasitism was 76.57 and 69.14 per cent at 20°C on C. cephalonica and P. xylostella eggs, respectively. The results indicate that temperature has a significant effect on the biological parameters of T. chilonis and with increasing temperature developmental duration decreased in laboratory condition of Manipur. On the basis of the present results Corcyra cephalonica eggs was more suitable for mass production of T. chilonis than P. xylostella under controlled conditions
Nutritional aspects of an edible insect, Coridius sp. (Hemiptera: Dinidoridae) of Manipur
No full textThe nutritional and antinutritional aspects of Coridius sp. revealed high protein (36.5%), lipids (38.7 %) and fibre (8.7 %) content. The total energy of available carbohydrates, protein, and fat was provided about 494.4 kcal/100 g of energy. Out of the micro-nutrient compositions, iron, potassium and calcium are the most prominent minerals observed in the edible bug which can be used as supplementary food to human diets. IC50 % of 0.363 mg/ml indicates higher than the standard value of ascorbic acid. Low values of antinutritional elements like phenol (25.3 mg/g) and tannin (31.2 mg/g) content showed non-toxic. The insect is found to sell in large quantities in the local market of Manipur. The edible insects provide economic support, nutritive values, food security and environmental management
Indigenous storage structures for paddy in North East region
No full textThe effect of different indigenous storage methods on the quality of rice during the storage period was studied. Four different varieties of paddy were stored in different storage structures as indigenous types, such as Kot (small bamboo structures), Kei (large size storage structure), wooden structures and metal bins separately, and the total head rice recovery of rice during storage period was studied. The maximum head rice yield was found in the KD cultivar and the minimum in the Huikap cultivar. The different physical dimensions and characteristics of paddy influenced the breakage of paddy, affecting the total head rice recovery during storage. Long, slender grains are more susceptible to breakage, affecting the head yield
Screening of onion species against white rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in Manipur
No full textWhite rot of onion caused by Sclerotium rolfsii has devastated onion cultivations at various small scale onion growing locations in Manipur. The maximum white rot disease incidence was observed during the month of April in all the onion species and the minimum disease incidence was observed during February month. The disease symptoms were not apparent during the first three months after planting. The symptoms of white rot became evident during second week of February with yellowing of leaves starting from tips and gradually progressing downwards. The disease became most obvious during last week of March to first week of April when the basal part of onion stem starts rotting and drooping and the plant wilts and collapse. The bulbs of infected plants are decayed and accompanied by the signs of the pathogen including white mycelium and sclerotia
Evaluation of potato genotypes against early blight (Alternaria alternata) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
No full textEarly blight (Alternaria alternata) of the potato is the most destructive disease in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Natural epidemics of early blight are strongly influenced by environmental conditions, even though severe disease appears every year in northern India. Twenty-eight genotypes were used in this study to differentiate between early blight resistance and susceptible genotypes selected to represent a range of reactions when screened field conditions. Out of twenty-eight genotypes/varieties, six genotypes viz., CP-3021, 3153, Atlantic, Chip-3, Jx-161 and MS/78-62 showed a resistant reaction. While thirteen genotypes were moderately resistant. However, six genotypes were susceptible while three genotypes were highly susceptible. Resistant varieties can be the simplest, effective and economical method of plant disease control. The use of resistant varieties cannot only ensure protection against diseases but also save the time, energy and money spent on other control methods
Impact through frontline demonstrations on yield, yield gap and economics of drumstick farming in arid Kachchh of Gujarat
No full textDrumstick (Moringa oleifera L.) is one of the world’s most nutritious crops and is one of the most popular vegetables grown throughout India. It has helped mankind in combating malnutrition in children and increasing immunity. Front-line demonstration (FLDs) is one of the most popular tools for technology transfer. ICAR-CAZRI, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kukma, Bhuj conducted field studies for two consecutive years of 2016-17 and 2017-18 through frontline demonstrations (FLDs) on yield and economics of drumstick farming in different villages of Bhachau and Bhuj Talukas of Kachchh, Gujarat. This tree is easy to cultivate, resistant to drought and produces a high concentration of protein, vitamins and minerals. It is a rare horticulture crop which begins fruiting within six months of planting and continues to do so for a period of eight to nine years. In Kachchh, Gujarat, the crop has been just introduced owing to its suitability in arid conditions of the region. The average pod yield under demonstration was 197.80 q ha–1 compared to the farmer’s local variety (158.88 q ha–1) and increased significantly by 24.50% on average over farmers used variety. The average extension gap, technology gap and technology index were 3892 kg ha-1, 5220 kg ha-1 and 20.88%, respectively. By adopting improved variety, farmers get additional average returns of Rs. 57,630 ha-1 and B: C ratio of 4.82
Effectiveness of botanicals, inorganic salts and fungicide against Fusarium wilt of muskmelon under hot arid region of Rajasthan
No full textInvestigation was undertaken to screen out the extract of botanicals viz., Neem leaf, Tumba fruit, NSKE and Aak leaf and inorganic salts against Fusarium wilt of muskmelon. This disease caused by Fusarium acuminatum is a major fungal disease causing serious losses to muskmelon growing areas in Rajasthan. The field trials were carried out on muskmelon susceptible variety ‘RM-50’ against Fusarium wilt during summer season of 2019 and 2020 at this Institute. Among 11 treatments, carbendazim (0.1%) was found the most effective treatment for management of Fusarium wilt with minimum disease incidence (PDI) of 15.83% and 60.84% disease reduction, followed by neem leaf extract @ 10% with disease incidence of 21.89% and 45.84% disease reduction. Maximum disease incidence (40.42% PDI) was found in case of control
Study on genetic variability parameters in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes
No full textThirty-two soybean genotypes were assessed to estimate genetic variability parameters in RBD design with three replications during 2021. The results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant variation across the genotypes for each trait studied which showed high variability in experimental material. The higher magnitude (>20%) of GCV and PCV were exhibited by seed yield per plant (33.71% and 35.60%) followed by biological yield per plant (26.64% and 28.47%), number of pods per plant (24.56% and 25.13%) and number of branches per plant (20.24% and 20.75%), respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance showed by seed yield, biological yield, number of pods, number of branches per plant, harvest index, 100-seed weight and plant height, indicating additive gene action and provides the chance for selection-based development of these traits. In this study, higher yield was reported for AUKS 213 (12.44 g) followed by AUKS 259 (11.14 g), AUKS 263 (10.82 g), AUKS 262 (10.44 g) and AUKS 264 (9.99 g) genotypes as per their mean values
Studies on genotypic and phenotypic variability in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
No full textThirty mango genotypes were studied to find out their variability, heritability, and genetic advance. Significant variations were observed in 46 characters. There were also considerable differences between the genotypic and the phenotypic coefficients of variation for almost all the characters which indicated the influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Among the studied characters, GCV and PCV were high for 40 characters. All the characters showed considerably high heritability except leaf width which ranged from 21.32 to 99.85 % and the genetic advance (as % of mean) was high for 44traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in 44 traits except leafwidth and chlorophyll content which indicated that these characters were less influenced by environment confirming predominance of additive gene action and therefore, selection in favour of these 44 characters would be feasible for yield improvement of mango
Nutritional survey of kinnow orchards soil series at Rawatsar and Fatehgarh of Hanumangarh district of arid Rajasthan
No full textThe present study was conducted to evaluate the fertility status of kinnow orchards at Rawatsar and Fatehgarh soil series of Hanumangarh district in irrigated area of arid Rajasthan. All kinnow orchards soils were found saline in nature, EC2 of all the orchard soil samples was normal. The calcium carbonate content in soils showed increasing trend with depth, low in organic carbon and available N, low to medium in available P2 O5, medium to high in available K2O content, majority of samples were found high in available Fe, available Mn and low to sufficient in available Cu and low in available Zn content. Leaf N content were found low in kinnow orchards, majority of leaf samples found medium to optimum in leaf P, Fe, and Mn content, whereas leaf K content and Zn content were found low to medium in kinnow orchards. The leaves Cu content were found optimum range in kinnow orchards. Fruit juice N, Fe and Mn content were found low to optimum, whereas fruit juice P, K and Cu content were found optimum and Zn content low at Rawatsar and Fatehgarh soil series of Hanumangarh district