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Impact of mission for integrated development of horticulture (MIDH) in Haryana
No full textDuring the twelfth five-year plan govt of India has launched mission for integrated development of horticulture with effect from 2014-15 for holistic development of horticulture sector. Horticulture sector has emerged as an important source of farmer’s income in Haryana and Kinnow is one of the most important and focused fruit crops under this scheme in Haryana. So, the study was carried out to analyse the trends in area, production and productivity of horticultural crops, to calculate the economics of kinnow and to identify the constraints faced by kinnow growers based on both primary and secondary data. Sirsa district of Haryana was selected as study area as it has highest area under cultivation of kinnow in the state. From the results a positive growth trend in horticulture sector was found. The CGR in area, production and productivity under total horticultural crops in Haryana from 2005-06 to 2017-18 was found to be of 5.08 per cent, 7.55 per cent and 2.34 per cent, respectively. The average total establishment cost, operational cost, NPV, IRR, B: C ratio and payback period for kinnow were found of Rs.122460, Rs. 56662, Rs.747703.64, 26.24 per cent and 7 years, respectively. Major constraints faced by fruits growers were as lack of infrastructure for processing and storage, inadequate infrastructure for post-harvest management, poor marketing facility, lack of good quality planting materials etc
Mateera, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm utilization for improving fruit quality and marketable harvest under hot arid climate of India: approaches and out-put
No full textCucurbits, a big group of vegetable cultivated extensively in India. It consist wide-range of crops used in culinary, salad, dessert, pickling and processing. Indigenous cucurbits both fresh and dehydrated form ensuring nutritious food to inhabitants of tribal and desert areas. Kachri, kaakdia, mateera, tinda and tumba is grown under rainfed situations and its cultivation is admired with the traditional farming in north-western parts of Rajasthan. Mateera is under-utilized, drought tolerant and native form of watermelon. Its nutrition rich tender and ripen fruits and seed-kernel liked by desert dwellers and sold at high premium. For developing drought and heat tolerant genotypes in mateera, ICAR-CIAH initiated first-time intensive research and wide range of Citrullus germplasm collected, conserved and utilized in crop improvement work from 1994 to 2012. In past, absence of standard varieties in drought tolerant mateera, the arid zone farmers obliged to use heterozygous seed collected from fruits (based on taste) of own fields. This obviously results poor and no-insured quality. On evaluation of the Citrullus germplasm (254 entries) at Bikaner, watermelon genotypes failed to express their potentialities under high temperature and rainfed conditions. Therefore, use of indigenous and generated variability, and promotion of varieties from native germplasm is found to be beneficial. Mateera line AHW-18, AHW-19, AHW-65, AHW-108, AHW-140, AHW-RSS-1 and AHW-BSM-1 are promising for use in breeding or trait-specific selections. The developed mateera varieties i.e. AHW-19 and Thar Manak are early in harvesting, producing better quality fruits and multiple-use, and recommended for cultivation under resource constraints hot arid environment
Techniques of orchard establishment in arid and semi-arid regions
No full textOrchard establishment is a long term investment, so careful planning and proper techniques of planting are prerequisites. There are two ways of orchards arranged i.e., traditional and modern or high density planting. In arid and semi arid conditions its more matter in context of location/site, crops & its varieties selection as well as techniques of planting and after care over other climatic regions. This region mostly having fragile ecosystem (unpredictable weather, limited and erratic rainfall) and poor in soil organic matter and available nutrients as well as other conditions for normal growth and development of the plant. Most suitable arid fruit crops are ber, ker, lasoda, pomegranate, fig, date palm, karonda, phalsa etc or having xerophytic adaptation, similarly semi-arid region potential crops are sweet orange, lime, jamun, khirni, bael, guava, aonla, custard apple, tamarind, mahua, chironji etc or possessing phonological adjustment (critical growth stage completion in optimum moisture available season). Apart from adaptations proper care and management techniques are require for sustainable/ potential production of these fruit crops in this region
Nitrogen metabolism enzymes activity in flag leaf and roots of pearl millet during grain development stage
No full textNitrate reductase (NR), Glutamine synthatase (GS), Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and Aspartate aminotransaminase (AspAT) were assayed in flag leaves and roots of four pearl millet genotypes, started from ear emergence till grain maturity at four days intervals. All enzymes showed higher activities in flag leaf than that of roots irrespective of growth stage and genotypes. A slight increase in flag leaf NR, GS and AspAT activity till anthesis started decreasing while GDH increased till 12 days after anthesis (DAA) and almost constant till 18 DAA and then started decreasing. While in roots a steep declining trend was observed in NR, GS and AspAT and reached to almost non-detectable level till maturity while GDH increased up to 6 DAA and then decreased sharply irrespective of the genotypes. The almost stable GDH activity and decreasing trend in NR, GS and AspAT suggested that re-assimilation of amino nitrogen takes place in flag leaf instead of direct assimilation from the roots for nitrogen deposition in pearl millet developing grains
Comparative study of physicochemical parameters of groundwater and surface water of rawatsar, Hanumangarh (Rajasthan)
No full textA study on the comparison of surface water and groundwater quality in Rawatsar Tehsil of Hanumangarh district (Rajasthan) was carried out. Different sites were selected for analysis of groundwater and surface water. Physicochemical parameters of water such as pH, EC, TDS, Turbidity, Alkalinity, Chloride, DO, COD, Na and K were analyzed using standard methods for all the samples. It was found that pH and EC were within the BIS permissible limit. All water samples have chloride content more than BIS standard values, showing the dominance of chloride ions in the study area. From the present study, surface water and groundwater samples have higher turbidity and high content of total dissolved solids, alkalinity, chloride, sodium and potassium. Groundwater dominates chloride, carbonate, sodium and potassium ions. Hence, surface water and groundwater need to be treated before end-use. This preliminary study needs to be researched further for a better understanding of hydrogeochemistry of groundwater and chemistry of surface water in Rawatsar
Application of hazard and critical control point analysis (HACCP) in organic farming
No full textThe primary purpose of this discussion paper on the integration of food safety management systems based on the Hazard and Critical Control Point Analysis (HACCP) with organic certification was to inform those within and outside the organic industry of recent developments in this area. It is also intended to highlight the need for the organic industry to address food safety management as part of the organic certification process. During the past two years, legislation and international demand in the marketplace for food safety management (complete with verification of the use of these systems) has led to a situation where it has become more a matter of ‘how’ than ‘if’
Studies on morbidity pattern in Pantja goat under range conditions in Tarai region of Uttarakhand
No full textA study was conducted to collect the base line information on various factors affecting morbidity pattern in goats with special reference to Pantja breed under village conditions of Udham Singh Nagar and Nainital districts of Tarai region of the Uttarakhand during a period of two years (April, 2015 to March, 2017) under All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Goats (Pantja field Unit), Department of livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The results of present study revealed that the overall morbidity among (9023 goats) surveyed population was 27.96 per cent. The results also indicated that Coccidiosis (29.69%), infectious-enteritis (16.43%), miscellaneous (16.47%), pneumonia (13.58%), toxaemia/ acidosis (10.53%), general weakness (7.88%), predation (3.60%) and putrefied (1.82%) were the common causes of morbidity. Among the total morbidity of goat flock faced heavy morbidity was found to be in kids (69.24%) followed by young age (13.66%) and adult (17.10 %). The Chi-square analysis of overall morbidity rate in goats with respect to district showed that the district had significant (p<0.01) effect on morbidity rates in goats
An investigation on performance of onion price and market arrivals in major Indian markets
No full textOnion is a significant and essential commodity used in all the Indian delicacies either in raw form or dehydrated form to add flavour and taste to cuisine. India is the 2nd largest producer of onion next to china and it is also 2nd highest yielded vegetable in India. Though it shares a considerable amount of area and production among all the vegetables along with high marketable surplus, it fails to approve steady price throughout the year. Instability in market arrival contributing to the price fluctuations is mainly caused by substantial dependence on meteorological conditions and perishable nature of the crop. Often this high price fluctuation and variation in price causes suffering to the farmers by affecting their income level. It impacts the consumers adversely and also causes inefficiency in the functioning of the market. Realising the importance of the situation, through this paper it has been investigated. The trends in market arrival were positive in three markets except Azadpur. Trend in nominal price is found positive and for real price it was found negative in all the markets. Seasonal index showed that the arrival in different markets remained on the higher side during the peak harvesting season of the particular region and it collides with the low seasonal price index. Variability index revealed the existence of high variability for both of price and arrivals of onion. However, because of presence of significant seasonality in prices there is scope for increasing the income of farmers by concentrating on marketing during lean periods
Response of Guava cv. L-49 to Urea and murate of potash fertigation levels
No full textFarmer’s practices of guava cultivation in trend with basin irrigation and basal fertilizer application, which has low application and use efficiencies. However, some farmers in the state are reluctant to adopt drip technology, due to lack of information on fertigation scheduling and high cost of water soluble fertilizers (WSF) this practice not in vogue. Now need to assess basal fertilizer doses application through drip for better use efficiency. Guava cv. L-49 imposed to apply eleven treatment combinations comprised viz., Farmer’s practice (basin & basal application) with urea and murate of potash fertigation levels viz., Farmer’s practices (basin &basal application) (T1), drip irrigation and basal application of fertilizers (T2), 50 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval through fertigation(T3), 50 % RDF (N+K) at 5 days interval through fertigation(T4), 50 % RDF (N+K) at 7 days interval through fertigation(T5), 75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval through fertigation(T6), 75 % RDF (N+K) at 5 days interval through fertigation(T7), 75 % RDF (N+K) at 7 days interval through fertigation(T8), 100 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval through fertigation (T9), 100 % RDF (N+K) at 5 days interval through fertigation(T10) and 100 % RDF (N+K) at 7 days interval through fertigation(T11). All observations were recorded from winter season crop. Treatment T11 (100 % RDF (N+K) at 7 days interval through fertigation) additional produced fruit yield of 8.12 q ha-1 in comparison to the farmer’s practices (T1)
Functional and nutritional health benefit of cold-pressed oils: a review
No full textKachi ghani or cold pressed it means pressing the oil grains with force and oil is extracting. Its processed at lower temperature does not alter the properties of the oil which contains a higher phenolic content, flavour, aroma and nutritional value. The nutritionally valuable bioactive components of cold-pressed oils were presented such as: tocopherols, sterols, carotenoids and phospholipids with oxidizing properties partly removed from refined oils or destroyed during the industrial refining. Cold pressed oil does not contain trans fatty acids and are naturally cholesterol, it has great importance for cooking and skin care requirements. In the present study it was emphasized on functional food and nutritional characteristics of cold-pressed oils and the method of its extraction, factors influencing the quality attributes of the obtained oils were also discussed