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"Common virtue" - exploring the universal value of Dai Zhen
No full text戴震肯定「人」是道德主體，重視人倫日用「庸德」價值，呼籲道德懿行應從程朱理學「餓死事極小，失節事極大」的「奇節獨行」返回《周禮》標榜「家庭孝弟」之「敬敏任恤」、「孝弟睦婣」、「德行道藝」之「庸德之行」，扭轉道德核心從形上「道德天理」朝向形下「道德情理」開創倫理新格局。戴震通經致用以「尊德性」為體「道問學」為用，知識進路如何獲至德性提昇？道德典範如何從「奇節獨行」轉至「庸德之行」？「庸德」修養如何通「情」達「理」融「禮」建構「達情遂欲」、「克己復禮」之道德理想？凡此，皆與戴震哲學系統中「知識」與「道德」議題相關，因此本文試予探析，並提出文獻佐證下之解惑為問題緣起及研究目的。補正完畢TW
村上春樹『騎士団長殺し』論 ―東日本大震災をめぐる新しい物語―
No full text本稿は、『騎士団長殺し』を構成する「回復する話」と「後日談」に対する「私」の語りに注目し、「新しい物語」のあり様を考察したものである。両者の共通点は、2011年に発生した東日本大震災に帰結する。さらに、「宮城県の海岸沿いの小さな町」で遭遇する「白いスバル．フォレスターの男」は、「私」の「影」の表象となる。それを受容することで、「新しい物語」が萌芽する。一方、「私」が語る未来は、可能性と危険性の両義的なものである。東日本大震災を取り入れた『騎士団長殺し』は、「影との対峙」と「次世代への継承」という二重の視点から東日本大震災を論じる文学作品であると考えられる。この点こそが「生き生きとした新しい物語」の本質であり、村上春樹の文学が提示する未来のあり方であると言える。補正完畢TW
Platinum Nanoparticle Modulated Titania Electronic Structure Descriptors for Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion
No full textModulation of the electronic structure of TiO2 nanorod array (NR), which governs the selectivity for the photocatalytic CO2 conversion, is demonstrated by the deposition of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with various configurations. In-situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements suggest that the active sites for the photocatalytic reaction are located on the surface of TiO2 NRs, but not on the Pt NPs, because the photocharge transfer from TiO2 NRs to Pt NPs is inefficient. The t2g/eg orbital ratio and
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orbital ratio of TiO2 acquired from Ti L3-edge spectra of the Pt NP/TiO2 NR photocatalysts, which are strongly influenced by the feature of the deposited Pt NPs, are respectively well-correlated to the experimental selectivity of H2 and CH4 for photocatalytic CO2 conversion as well as the density functional theory calculated adsorption energies of H atom and CO molecule on the TiO2 surface. The Pt NPs thus play a crucial role as a promoter rather than as a cocatalyst. Besides the adsorption energies of H and CO on TiO2, the t2g/eg and
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ratios of Ti 3d unoccupied state can be the electronic structure-based descriptors of TiO2 heterostructures for photocatalytic CO2 conversion to distinguish between H2 evolution and CH4 formation.補正完畢TW
Two-stage Conversion of CO2 to Methanol and Dimethyl Ether using CuO–ZnO–Al2O3/protonated Y-type Zeolite Catalysts
No full textThe CuO-ZnO-Al2O3/protonated Y-type zeolite (CZA/HYZ) catalysts were prepared via co-precipitation method and employed in a two-stage CO2 conversion process using a dual fixed–bed column at different temperatures and 50 bar. Catalytic components of CZA/HYZ were copper species that have been identified with XPS. Remarkably, the fine structures of CZA/HYZ catalysts metal atoms were confirmed with XANES and EXAFS spectra. Molecular configurations of catalytic species in CZA/HYZ catalyst simulated from the XANES/EXAFS spectra-analyzed fine structural parameters were schematically displayed. The optimal catalytic performances of CZA/HYZ (CH3OH conversion=78.0%, CH3OCH3/HCOOH selectivity=91.7%/8.3%, CH3OCH3/HCOOH yield=71.5%/6.5%) were achieved at 250 ºC. The Arrhenius equation and a pseudo-first-order/second-order model were used to evaluate the activation energies and rate constants of CH3OH and CH3OCH3 formations at various catalytic temperatures. The low activation energies (2.720 and 1.160 kJ mol−1) and Gibbs energies (3.26 and −40.00 kJ mol−1) of CH3OH and CH3OCH3 formations at 250 ºC, demonstrated that their spontaneities were remarkably improved via CZA/HYZ, respectively. The total income from a 10–ton per day (10–TPD) for a petrochemical refinery plant waste gas utility process was USD $43,557d−1, as well a payback of 3.23 years, based on cost evaluation. The proposed process provides a continuous two-step process for manufacturing high–value-added chemicals using industrial CO2 emitted and syngas.補正完畢NL
Sulfur-induced Electron Redistribution of Single Molybdenum Atoms Promotes Nitrogen Electroreduction to Ammonia
No full textElectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is considered a sustainable approach that endows NH3 production from N2 and H2O under ambient conditions. Due to the sluggish adsorption/activation of N2 and the strong competition with the hydrogen evolution reaction, advanced NRR electrocatalysts with both high activity and selectivity are required. Herein, we demonstrate a local modulation strategy that simultaneously promotes NRR selectivity and activity on molybdenum-based single atom catalysts (SACs) by sulfur-induced electronic redistribution, delivering a NH3 yield rate of 46.6 μg·h−1·mgcat −1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 28.9% at a potential of − 0.2 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M HCl under ambient conditions. This study provides a promising strategy for synergizing the selectivity and activity of electrocatalysts toward multistep NRR. Moreover, such an atomic-level engineering strategy should be applicable to other SACs in general and may have a major impact on their use in electrocatalytic applications.補正完畢NL
以社會復歸觀點反思前科紀錄限制基本權之妥適性－從釋字第五八四號解釋談起
No full text一般我們所認為的更生人，不論透過假釋、減刑或刑期服滿離開監獄的更生人，一旦進入到現實日常社會，將隨即面臨到兩個主要迫切的需求：一個可供居住的地方以及一個工作機會；但對於絕大部分的更生人而言，就如同社會上其他的弱勢團體、低社經階層團體，要同時獲得上述兩大基本需求的滿足往往是很棘手之事，因而成為出獄後回歸到社會進行日常生活的主要障礙；尤以求職此一需求為甚，除了自身條件的不足與限制外，另有國家對於基本權的限制，亦即是更生人的前科紀錄限制個人職業自由；但前述的限制亦因透過釋字第 584 號解釋作出合憲性解釋後正式確認其現存之必要、適當且合理。
本文從刑事政策角度出發，欲首先討論著重於因該釋字做出所引發後續相關争議的源頭－前科紀錄本身－作本質上的觀察並深入檢討其干預手段之運用，再者，前科紀錄所帶來的影響實不免須與更生人回到自由社會進行日常活動產生連結，這就涉及到更生人的社會復歸此一課題，社會復歸的概念本身究竟要立於何種地位方能彰顯其操作意義與價値，進而在更生保護處遇内容中得到功能上的具體發揮，終究有利於更生人順利回到社會生活，有鑑於此一疑義，實有詳加説明之必要；最後，本文將從更生人的社會復歸角度，來對於本號解釋系争條文與解釋理由書作出回應。補正完畢TW
