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Topological Properties of Multigranular Rough sets on Fuzzy Approximation Spaces
No full textOne of the extensions of the basic rough set model introduced by Pawlak in 1982 is the notion of rough sets on fuzzy approximation spaces. It is based upon a fuzzy proximity relation defined over a Universe. As is well known, an equivalence relation provides a granularization of the universe on which it is defined. However, a single relation defines only single granularization and as such to handle multiple granularity over a universe simultaneously, two notions of multigranulations have been introduced. These are the optimistic and pessimistic multigranulation. The notion of multigranulation over fuzzy approximation spaces were introduced recently in 2018. Topological properties of rough sets are an important characteristic, which along with accuracy measure forms the two facets of rough set application as mentioned by Pawlak. In this article, the authors introduce the concept of topological property of multigranular rough sets on fuzzy approximation spaces and study its properties
Note on the Application of Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS Model for Dealing With Dependent Attributes
No full textIn this article, the effectiveness of the intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS model (IF-TOPSISEF) is tested for addressing, capturing, and resolving the effect of correlation between attributes, otherwise called the dependency of attributes. This was achieved by using several normalization methods in the implementation of the IF-TOPSISEF model. Furthermore, the result of the computation is compared with the one obtained when the normalization methods are implemented using a traditional TOPSIS model. The study contributes and extends the state of the art in TOPSIS method study, by addressing, capturing and resolving the effect of correlation between attributes otherwise called dependency of attributes
Practitioner's View on the Future of Economic Decision-Making in Project Management: A Research Note
No full textAs of now, the best means to plan for the future is project management because it has been proven effective in problem-solving and generating solutions. Few projects entail economic decision-making because of the cost factor, but the wrong decisions can be made because of the complications that come with making economic decisions. However, financial decision-making does not only entail gathering information and making decisions accordingly. The economy must be analyzed and the future economy must be estimated for any economic decisions to be viable. This study highlights the future trend, as well as the significance of economic decision-making within project management. Furthermore, it tests several factors: economic decision-making influence, creativity, risk profile, and the management team size for a successful project. Primarily, this study will assess how significant economic decision-making is in project management
Advancing Personal Learning Using the Internet of Things: Creating Bonds for Societal Inclusivity
No full textPersonal learning is a unique ability and requires self-determination to master. Personal learning also involves constructing representational learning artifacts that are used across life into work and society. Using avatars to foster identity within collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) can represent expressions of selfhood useful for participating in diverse communities. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a spectrum of emerging technologies that can connect physical and virtual world activities resulting in new realms of human-computer abilities. Interconnected smart devices automate services and provide timely information resulting in safety, security, and efficiencies, especially for vulnerable populations such as persons with disabilities. The relationship is explored when IoT applications are combined with use of CVEs, avatars, and a discipline of presencing. Inclusivity becomes probable. Future research is described how individuals, organizations, and communities can be impacted by personal learning influenced by the inevitable growth of IoT and virtual learning
A Conceptual Framework of Value Sharing in the Sharing Economy
No full textThe sharing economy is a fast-growing phenomenon that has significantly disrupted traditional businesses. In order to identify the success factor of this new business model, this chapter discusses the unique features of sharing economy practices considering the concept of value sharing. First, the theoretical foundation of value sharing is explained using the value co-creation literature, which is derived from the service logics. Next, four types of values, namely economic, social, functional, and hedonic, are discussed in sharing economy practices. Finally, a conceptual framework of value sharing that depicts the benefits and costs of participation in the sharing economy is provided. Based on this framework, sharing each aforementioned value has its own benefits, which acts as an incentive for both resource suppliers and consumers in the sharing economy. However, the sharing process has its own costs that may be considered as a deterrent for sharing economy participants
A Blind Print-Recapture Robust Watermark Scheme by Calculating Self-Convolution
No full textA blind print-recapture robust watermark scheme is proposed. Watermark patterns are embedded into the space domain of a color image and can be detected from a print-recaptured version of the image without knowledge of the original image. The process of embedding invisible watermarks to convert RGB color images to CIE Lab color spaces and embed periodic watermarks in both color channels at the same time. Watermark extraction is achieved by calculating self-convolution and inverting the geometric transformation such as rotation and scale. Normalized correlation coefficients between the extracted and the embedded watermark pattern is calculated to determine whether there is watermark. The decision about the presence/absence of the watermark pattern is then determined by a threshold which is set 0.13, and the detection rate of 241 pictures is about 0.79
Formative Assessment in Hands-On STEM Education
No full textThis chapter serves as an introduction to transdisciplinary learning, Integrative STEM Education, and current methods for infusing formative assessment into hands-on instruction at the elementary level. Subscribing to the approach that formative assessment is a process that takes place in the classroom to enable learning, the chapter discusses the use of engineering notebooks, competency-based assessment, and qualitative assessment (rubrics and portfolios) in the context of formative assessment while facilitating hands-on learning opportunities. In addition to introducing each of these topics from a research and literature perspective, examples are provided and discussed from a practical perspective. No one formative assessment is better than another, however, one type may be more practical due to the teacher's willingness to try new things, development of students, standards teacher is measuring, type of lesson/unit, time, available resources, and associated costs
Modeling Barriers in Green Procurement using ISM: A Comparison for Canadian and Iranian Automotive Industry
No full textGreen procurement, a significant part of green supply chain management, plays a key role in implementing the green concept by considering the environmental issues. Due to increase in public awareness about environmental criteria, industries have been forced to consider environmental issues in their current production flows. Further, since the automotive industry has a direct impact on the environment, it is very beneficial to study the barriers that prevent this industry from implementing the green concept. Iran has had a considerable growth in the automotive industry in the last few decades and today owns and operates the largest automotive factory in the Middle East. In contrast, Canada as a leader in environmental issues does not have a large automotive industry, but is a country where some localized international companies have located small factories. The differences between these two countries make their comparison more valuable and noteworthy. This study investigates this comparison based on a structural modeling methodology known as interpretive structural modeling (ISM)
Using a Complex Technology in a Language Course: Examining Second Life in Terms of Participation
No full textIn this chapter, how the complex technology of Second Life affects participation in an English course is investigated. With the aim of exploring gender issues, the special affordance of Second Life, i.e. voice-morphing together with sound-isolated parcels, was used. The data set consists of about 33 hours of audio recordings and chat logs of 8,315 words. The results show that in audio10.8% of the course time deals with technological challenges, while in chat 69.2% of the words contribute to technology. Three challenges interfering with participation were identified: software complexity, unreliable functionality of Second Life, and hardware and connectivity issues. To deal with these problems, pedagogical facilitators, technological facilitators, and Second Life -experienced peers made a significant contribution. Based on the results, this chapter analyzes whether Second Life can be widely used in language education, how affordances of it can be learned and taught, and scenarios where Second Life can and cannot be used
The End of the Corporation: Transformation in Corporate Governance
No full textCorporate governance is undergoing a quiet, but quick transformation. The rise of digital technologies is forcing companies to reconsider existing business models, but also how they organize themselves and structure firm governance. This chapter introduces the main features of the modern corporation and corporate governance, outlines how digital technologies are disrupting this business form, and describes the new business “ecosystems” that are emerging to replace the modern corporation. The chapter argues that in a networked age, all businesses need to “go digital.” Companies need to become innovation machines, and this means that every firm needs to become a “tech” company and a “media” company. If they do not, younger and more agile competitors better attuned to the realities of the new digital world will replace them. For incumbents, the risks are existential. Established firms must adapt to the new digital environment by embracing the ecosystem model, or they will die