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A Model for Community-Based Seaweed Cultivation in South-west Maluku, Indonesia: Strengthening Coastal Livelihoods
Full text linkInstitutional development plays a vital role in advancing the success and sustainability of community-based seaweed farming, particularly in Southeast Maluku, Indonesia. This study seeks to design a comprehensive institutional model tailored to the unique needs of seaweed farming communities in the region. The model emphasizes four key components: the division of tasks among stakeholders, effective and inclusive decision-making processes, transparent and accountable financial management systems, and robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. These elements are designed to strengthen institutional capacity and foster greater collaboration among farmers. The central hypothesis of this study is that by improving institutional structures, farmers will experience enhanced cooperation, increased bargaining power within the seaweed supply chain, and improved sustainability of their cultivation practices. A well-structured institution can support fairer market access, equitable profit distribution, and collective resilience to economic and environmental challenges. In turn, these improvements are expected to lead to more stable and long-term farming practices. The proposed institutional model not only aims to increase the economic viability of seaweed farming but also to promote social cohesion and environmental stewardship within coastal communities. The study aspires to enhance the overall welfare of seaweed farmers by ensuring that institutional arrangements are both participatory and adaptive to local contexts. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on institutional design in small-scale agriculture and aquaculture. It offers a replicable model that can be adapted for similar community-based farming initiatives in other coastal and rural regions, both within Indonesia and beyond
Digital Transformation in Power Systems: Smart Grid Components, Control, and Challenges
Full text linkThe transformation of traditional electric power systems is essential to meet increasing demands for reliability, efficiency, and sustainability. Conventional grids, built on electromechanical foundations, suffer from limited real-time monitoring, insufficient automation, and inefficiencies in balancing power generation and consumption. This study evaluates the potential of smart grid technologies to address these challenges by modernizing power infrastructure through reactive power compensation, network symmetry, smart substations, and advanced control systems. Using a qualitative-analytical approach, a comparative review of traditional and smart grid systems is conducted, supported by technical assessments of components such as SCADA/DMS platforms, FACTS devices, phase-shifting transformers, and Volt/VAR control systems. Results show that smart grid technologies significantly improve operational efficiency, phase balance, and system stability, while enabling real-time decision-making and integration of distributed energy resources. Smart substations provide enhanced fault detection, automated control, and voltage regulation compared to conventional systems. The study concludes that integrating intelligent digital systems into the grid architecture effectively addresses legacy grid shortcomings. These findings emphasize the urgency of accelerating smart grid deployment worldwide. Policy recommendations include prioritizing investments in smart grid infrastructure, developing supportive regulatory frameworks, and facilitating the transition to sustainable energy models. Future research should focus on quantitative impact evaluations, cybersecurity issues, and cost-benefit analyses of smart grid adoption in diverse regional settings
French Colonial Policies in West Africa: Power Dynamics, Cultural Impositions and Economic Legacies
Full text linkThe complex dynamics of French colonial policies in West Africa during European imperialism played a crucial role in streamlining administrative procedures and consolidating control over the indigenous African population. This colonial framework not only imposed a distinct sense of identity on African communities but also created deep stratification within these societies. Implementing the direct rule system, an essential aspect of French colonial administration, facilitated imposing laws and regulations that often marginalized traditional authority structures. As a result, a symbiotic relationship emerged between the African colonies and France, with the former serving as essential suppliers of resources crucial for sustaining France\u27s growing industrial enterprises. This paper delves into the intricate nuances of the French colonial policies and their enduring impact on West Africa. By critically examining the assimilation and association policies, the study elucidates the power dynamics, cultural impositions, and economic implications that characterized the colonial experience of French colonies in West Africa. Unpacking the complexities of the colonial governance framework highlights the systemic disparities and cultural alienation perpetuated by the French colonial apparatus, underscoring the persistent socio-economic challenges and cultural subjugation that continue to shape the contemporary West African landscape. By exploring historical injustices and postcolonial complexities, the study emphasizes the urgent need for a holistic and inclusive approach to postcolonial development, advocating for preserving cultural heritage and promoting equitable socio-economic progress within the region
Examining the Effect of Cash Conversion Cycle on Profitability in PERTAMINA Balikpapan Hospital: Moderating Role of Total Assets
Full text linkThis study analyzes the effect of company size and cash conversion cycle on profitability with firm size as a moderating variable. The cash conversion cycle is the independent variable with company size using total assets as a moderating variable, while the dependent variable is profitability using the net profit margin ratio. The data were obtained from company financial reports taken from interim reports for 2013 - 2022. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, and a sample of 120 was obtained. The analytical method used in this research was panel data regression with the previous moderate regression analysis. Has passed the classical assumption test the hypothesis proposed in this research is that the cash conversion cycle influences profitability by using firm size as a moderating variable. The research results show that net profit margin with company size as a moderating variable has a significant effect. In addition, it was found that ln total assets moderated this relationship. Companies with a larger total asset size show that cash relationship conversion cycles are more significant to profitability than companies with smaller total assets
Identifying the Level of Knowledge, Spending Patterns and Financial Management Practices among University Students in Malaysia
Full text linkEffective financial management is a crucial element in ensuring individual financial stability, particularly among university students in Malaysia. This study aims to assess the level of financial knowledge, spending patterns, and financial management practices among students at Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Using a descriptive method, the study involved 131 students from various academic programs selected randomly. The findings indicate that most of students have a high level of awareness regarding the importance of financial knowledge, with the highest mean for the independent variable, namely financial knowledge level, at 4.49. However, students’ spending patterns showed a lower mean of 3.68, indicating room for improvement in their practical financial management. The study also found a significant relationship between the level of financial knowledge and students\u27 spending patterns, with the mean for the dependent variable recorded at 4.47. Therefore, students are advised to practice more prudent spending based on their needs and financial capability to achieve better financial management. Debt management should also be avoided, especially when purchasing non-essential items such as gadgets and branded clothing. The study recommends that higher education institutions further enhance financial literacy programs to help students apply financial knowledge in their daily lives
"Guanxi" Versus Social Network in China: The Perspective of Independent Directors\u27 Connections
Full text linkThe social exchange theory posits that economic and social factors are crucial for successful business relationships. Numerous studies have examined interpersonal connections across cultures. Informal relationships influence economic and social exchange, such as Guanxi in China, Yongo in South Korea, and Wasta in the Middle East. In social network literature, the concept of \u27network\u27 encompasses two dimensions: network relation and network structure. The connections among directors affect a company\u27s efficiency from a network perspective. This study conceptualises "Guanxi" and social networks to illustrate the similarities and differences between these two concepts and how Chinese Guanxi differs from Western preconceptions concerning social networks. Given that both "Guanxi" and social networks involve social connections, it is essential to note that Guanxi does not exclusively relate to social networks or merely serves as an alternative term for social networks. Additionally, this study focuses on independent directors\u27 social networks created by serving on multiple boards and reviews the literature on independent directors\u27 connections in China. The methodology employed to accomplish the conceptual definition and distinction was based on a comprehensive literature review that consisted of comparative studies and analyses of other scholars\u27 perspectives and theoretical frameworks. Guanxi" is a distinctive characteristic of Chinese culture, specifically about informal relationships. Guanxi, or "personal connections," is valued by the Chinese more highly than networking, information, and institutions, which Westerners prioritise. In the "Guanxi" concept, emphasis is placed on social capital within the circle of friends, family, and close associates. This study argues that researchers must recognise subtle differences in how informal inter-organisational directors\u27 relationships are developed and utilised in social network and "Guanxi" concepts
Amalan Kepimpinan Islam dalam Kalangan Pengetua Sekolah bagi Membangunkan Karamah Insaniah
Full text linkKepimpinan Islam memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk budaya sekolah yang beretika dan harmoni. Kepimpinan Islam juga mempunyai peranan dalam menguruskan konflik dan memotivasi warga sekolah untuk mencapai kecemerlangan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka amalan kepimpinan Islam dalam kalangan pengetua sekolah menengah di Malaysia, dengan fokus kepada usaha mereka dalam membangunkan karamah insaniah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan dijalankan melalui temu bual separa berstruktur untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih komprehensif. Temu bual ini dijalankan dengan peserta kajian yang merupakan pemimpin sekolah di Malaysia. Penyelidik menggunakan analisis tematik pada data yang diperoleh dan menetapkan kod kepada data kajian yang dipilih untuk mengekstrak tema dan hasil kajian. Berdasarkan kajian yang dijalankan,. Kajian ini menemui sembilan tema utama dalam kepimpinan Islam yang diamalkan di sekolah iaitu niat, mardhatillah, itqan, ta’awun, biah islamiah, syura, tawadhu’, ilmu dan amanah. Penemuan kajian ini boleh digunakan oleh pihak berkepentingan dalam sistem pendidikan untuk meningkatkan penerapan amalan kepimpinan Islam dalam kalangan pemimpin sekolah di Malaysia. Kajian ini juga menunjukkan keperluan mewujudkan model kepimpinan Islam dalam kalangan pengetua sekolah
Investigating Fiscal Independence across Regencies and Cities in Aceh Province: A Sectoral Competitiveness Analysis
Full text linkFiscal independence is an essential aspect of assessing the economic stability of a region. Also, sectoral competitiveness is a vital benchmark in evaluating the superiority of a sector in the economy. The fiscal independence level of districts and cities in Aceh Province indicates that the budget management of all districts and cities in Aceh Province still depends on central government funds to finance regional development. Thus, through a sectoral competitiveness analysis, this study examines fiscal independence across regencies and cities in Aceh province. Using 23 districts and cities in Aceh Province during the 2014-2020 (quarterly data) of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), this study applies shift-share analysis. The results show significant variations in the competitiveness of certain economic sectors in different regions. Nagan Raya Regency leads the agriculture sector, while West Aceh Regency dominates the mining and quarrying sector. Aceh Tamiang district stands out in the manufacturing sector, while Aceh Besar district is the centre of competitiveness in the construction sector. Bireun district showed the best performance in the wholesale and retail trade and repair of cars and motorcycles, while Aceh Utara achieved excellence in the transportation sector. The city of Banda Aceh consistently performs best in the accommodation and food supply sector, the real estate sector, and the other services/tourism sector. In addition, the findings of this study also show that from the perspective of the dominance of the highest sectoral competitiveness value per region, there are 6 (six) dominating sectors out of a total of 9 (nine) sectors observed, namely the industrial sector, wholesale, and retail, trade sector repair of cars and motorcycles, mining and quarrying sector, construction sector and agricultural sector. However, this study\u27s findings also show significant potential for economic diversification, which could significantly improve the region\u27s fiscal independence
The Role of Mothers\u27 Interpersonal Communication with Adolescent Girls regarding Sex Education in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Full text linkThe issue of free sex is not an old story, and this incident happens almost every day to friends, family, neighbors, and even on social media. Free sex is a global issue that still occurs today and is reported in various countries, including the Aceh region of Indonesia. The problem is that discussing sex education is still considered taboo by some mothers, even with their teenage daughters. This research aims to describe (1) An understanding of sex education, (2) How adolescents receive sex education, and (3) How the role of interpersonal communication between mothers and adolescent girls is related to conveying knowledge about sex education. This research uses qualitative methods using several references from journals and books. The research results show that: (1) Sex education is a knowledge skill that must be immediately given to teenagers regarding sexual behavior to avoid anything that can cause negative effects. (2) Teenagers need information about sex education issues from those closest to them, including mothers. (3) The role of mothers is crucial in providing sex education to teenage girls so that they are not affected by free sex, even though this is considered taboo
The Effect of Local Revenue, General Allocation Fund and Special Allocation Fund on Poverty Through Economic Growth in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Full text linkAceh Province faces serious challenges related to poverty that require special attention to improve people\u27s welfare. Various efforts have been made by the Aceh government to reduce poverty, but the poverty rate in Aceh Province is still relatively high compared to other provinces in Sumatra. This study analyses the effect of local revenue, general allocation funds, and special allocation funds on poverty through economic growth in districts/cities of Aceh Province. Quantitative methods of path analysis and panel data regression models were used to analyse panel data from 23 districts/cities in Aceh Province for 2015-2023. The results showed that in Model I, local revenues had a positive effect on economic growth, general allocation funds had no effect on economic growth, and special allocation funds had a positive effect on economic growth. Furthermore, in Model II, local revenue has a negative effect on poverty, general allocation funds have a positive effect on poverty, and special allocation funds have no effect on poverty. In Model III, economic growth has a negative effect on poverty. Economic growth mediates the relationship between local revenues and special allocation funds on poverty. The government needs to implement policies that optimise revenues to increase regional fiscal independence, improve local economic growth and reduce poverty