International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
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A psychological aspect of globus pharyngeus
Get PDFBackground: Several psychological factors are included in globus pharyngues. The study aims to analyze psycho-social correlates of globus pharyngeus.
Method: This study is an observational study in individuals taken from various Delhi and NCR ENT clinics like Krishna Nagar ENT specialist Clinic (Delhi), Hargobind Enclave ENT specialist Clinic (Delhi), Santosh Medical Hospital (Delhi), Brij Vihar ENT specialist Clinic. (UP). ENT specialist has diagnosed individuals and they have undergone Endoscopies, treatment for Reflux for 3 weeks at least and still not recovered were taken for the testing. The adults 1from the age range of 18 years to 64 years according to National Institute of Health had participated in this study. After data collection Person Correlation was applied through SPSS.
Result: Total 100 Adults have participated in the research, results of correlation indicated that globus and depression found to be having no correlation (r =-0.115), Globus and Anxiety has an negative correlation (r= -0.330, p<0.01), Globus and Stress has an correlation (r=0.198, p<0.05) , Globus and Psychoticism has an correlation (r=0.282, p<0.01), Globus and Neuroticism it found to be having no correlation (r=0.139), Globus and Extraversion it found to be having no correlation (r=-0.196), globus and social support has an correlation (r=0.220, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with Globus complain of pain without any physical illness these patients also have psychosocial problems. To concluded from the study, it shows that globus has high levels Anxiety, Stress, Psychoticism and low Social Support
Effects of Curcuma Aeruginosa Roxb. on selected biomarkers of renal and liver function following gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatic damage in male Wistar rats
Get PDFBackground: This study investigated whether Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. (CAE) could improve kidney and liver function in rats with gentamicin (GM)-induced injury.
Methods: Thirty animals were divided into five groups. All groups received 100 mg/kg of GM for seven days. One group served as a positive control, another received the standard drug metformin, and the remaining three groups received different doses of CAE (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg). Metformin and CAE were administered orally for 28 days. After the treatment period, blood and tissue samples (kidney and liver) were collected for the assessment of liver and renal function markers. Histological examinations were also performed using H and E stains. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with a p<0.05 considered significant.
Results: Both metformin and a low dose of CAE significantly reduced plasma levels of cystatin-C (Cys C) and urea compared to the control group. However, the moderate and high doses of CAE did not significantly affect Cys C levels. The low dose of CAE significantly lowered ALT and AST in both plasma and liver tissue compared to all other groups. Histological examinations showed significant improvement in the kidney and liver tissues of rats treated with the low dose of CAE.
Conclusions: In contrast, the tissues of rats treated with metformin and the moderate and high doses of CAE showed no significant recovery from the GM-induced injury. The results suggest that the protective effects of this plant on the liver and kidneys are not dose-dependent, as the lower dose was more effective
Increased blood level of urea and creatinine after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Get PDFBackground: Breast cancer is treated with surgery and often combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and or hormonal therapy or both. The treatment has some side effects such as hair loss, nausea, fatigue peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy etc. The objective of the study was to assess the nephrotoxic effects after treatment of breast cancer.
Methods: The infiltrating ductal carcinoma patients were treated with surgery, chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy and hormonal therapy. The non-diabetic, non-cardiac post-menopausal breast cancer patients were further subdivided on the basis of nodes histopathology, with or without lymph node metastasis. Patients were subjected to different combination of disciplines of therapy including radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy. The blood samples were collected before and after chemotherapy. The blood was analyzed for urea and creatinine to assess the nephrotoxicity.
Results: There was a significant increase in blood urea and creatinine levels after the treatment as compared to before the start of therapy.
Conclusions: It is concluded that treatment of cancer (with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy) lead to nephrotoxicity
Exploring self-esteem, body perception, stress and emotional regulation in women with PCOS: a comparative study of women with PCOS and the general population
Get PDFBackground: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, often associated with physical symptoms such as acne, hirsutism, and weight fluctuations, which may impact psychological well-being. Prior research suggests potential psychological consequences including low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, stress, and emotional regulation difficulties.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 102 women aged 18–45 years (51 with PCOS and 51 without), recruited from gynecology clinics, online forums, and universities. Participants completed standardized psychological measures: the General Health Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and Emotional Regulation Scale. Independent samples t-tests and Pearson correlations were performed to assess between-group differences and variable interrelations.
Results: Findings revealed that women with PCOS reported significantly more negative body image and higher perceived stress compared to controls. No significant differences were found in self-esteem or emotional regulation. A significant negative correlation between emotional regulation and stress was observed among women with PCOS, indicating that better emotion regulation is linked to lower perceived stress.
Conclusions: The results emphasize the need for psychological support interventions targeting stress management and body image among women with PCOS. Although self-esteem and emotional regulation did not differ significantly between groups, improving emotional regulation may help manage stress. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs and include diverse samples to better understand psychological resilience and causal relationships in PCOS populations
Intolerance of uncertainty and adjustment among paramedical students: a cross-sectional study
Get PDFBackground: Working in the healthcare settings can be complex and ever-changing requiring adaptability and ability to manage stress in unclear circumstances. Paramedical students enter a field with a demanding nature of training and future professional responsibilities, needing high tolerance for uncertainty. As well as students may struggle to balance their studies with personal responsibilities and social life which can impact their ability to adjust. Therefore, the study is aimed to assess the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and adjustment among paramedical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 287 paramedical students from Santosh Deemed to be University in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Data were collected using validated tools to measure their IU and adjustment. Analysis was done using SPSS and MS excel.
Results: The findings revealed that a considerable proportion (64.1%) of paramedical students exhibited high levels of IU. Analysis of adjustment levels showed that among males, the majority (62%) had overall unsatisfactory adjustment, while similar patterns were observed among females (50.3%). Chi-square analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between IU scale (IUS) and adjustment levels in both genders. Chi-Square values for females (χ²=132.957) and males (χ²=110.467) were highly significant (p<0.01).
Conclusions: The findings highlight that a significant number of paramedical students experience high IU, which is strongly associated with poor adjustment to college life. These results emphasize the need to incorporate psychological support, uncertainty tolerance training, and adjustment strategies into paramedical education. Enhancing these areas may improve students’ well-being, academic performance, and future professional competence
Role of multi slice computed tomography in lung parenchymal pathologies
Get PDFBackground: Lung parenchymal pathologies cover a range of conditions such as interstitial lung diseases (ILD) bronchogenic carcinoma, pulmonary tuberculosis, aspergilloma, and many others. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has significantly aided in the diagnosis and management of lung parenchymal pathologies. Its high-resolution imaging capability and detailed cross-sectional view of the lungs help to detect and evaluate a wide range of pulmonary diseases with greater accuracy. Objective was to analyze the MSCT findings in patients with suspected lung parenchymal pathologies and assess its role in differential diagnosis and disease characterization.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was performed in 100 patients with clinical suspicion of lung parenchymal pathologies. All patients underwent MSCT and imaging findings were correlated with clinical data wherever available.
Results: The most common imaging features were consolidation (56%), cavitation (24%), ground-glass opacities (24%), fibrosis (23%). Infective pathologies accounted for the majority of findings, including consolidation, nodules, bronchiectasis, and cavitatory lesions. Neoplastic lesions were seen in 8% of cases, all showing advanced features such as lymphadenopathy and local invasion. Additional findings included pleural effusions (20%), pneumothorax (7%), and mediastinal involvement (58%). MSCT enabled accurate identification and characterization of various pathologies such as tuberculosis, bronchogenic carcinoma, ILD, aspergilloma, and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
Conclusions: MSCT plays a vital role in the early detection, accurate characterization, and staging of lung parenchymal diseases. Its high diagnostic yield enhances clinical decision-making and guides appropriate management strategies
Optimizing specialized nursing education in India for enhanced patient care quality: a nurse-patient centric approach
Get PDFIndia’s nursing workforce is central to national health goals, yet nursing education remains largely generalist. Specialized education, emphasizing a nurse-patient centric approach, is essential to improving care quality and system efficiency. A systematic review was conducted across open-access databases (PubMed, BMJ Open and PKP) from 2015-2025 using PRISMA methodology. Studies on nursing specialization, curriculum reform, nurse-patient dynamics, and Indian policy frameworks were included. Data from 28 studies were thematically analyzed. Evidence supports that specialized nursing education improves clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and workforce competence. Major barriers include outdated curricula, insufficient faculty training, and fragmented regulatory oversight. The national education policy (NEP) 2020 and national nursing and midwifery commission (NNMC) bill present reform opportunities. Global models integrating clinical simulation, communication skills, and interdisciplinary learning show promising results. Optimizing specialized nursing education is crucial to addressing India’s diverse and evolving patient care demands. A patient-centered model that includes competency-based curricula, faculty development, and policy alignment can enhance both nurse performance and patient outcomes. India must prioritize infrastructure, policy reform, and academic innovation to empower its nursing cadre and improve healthcare delivery
An observational study to determine the efficacy of FOGSI gestosis score as a predictor of pre-eclampsia and Ecosprin prophylaxis as a preventive intervention
Get PDFBackground: FOGSI gestosis score is a simple risk model devised for preeclampsia screening and prediction. Each risk factor is given score of 1, 2 or 3 based on severity. A total score of ≥3, implies ‘at risk’ for developing preeclampsia warranting closer monitoring and management. Also, Ecosprin prophylaxis in these high-risk pregnancies can reduce the incidence of early onset preeclampsia as well as maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Methods: This prospective OBSERVATIONAL study was conducted at GMC Amritsar, involving 100 pregnant women at ≤24 weeks of gestation (Group A), screened using gestosis score. Participants identified as high-risk (score ≥3) received prophylactic Ecosprin and monitored until 6 weeks postpartum for maternal and neonatal outcomes which were compared with 145 unbooked, already known cases of preeclampsia/eclampsia (group B).
Results: Among 100 participants screened as per gestosis score, 29% were high risk and 71% low risk. Preeclampsia developed in 31% of high-risk versus 4.2% of low-risk participants (IRR=8.98, p=0.0002). Significant predictors included anaemia, primigravida status, BMI>30 and MAP>85 mmHg. Preterm birth, FGR, unfavourable APGAR score and perinatal mortality were more common in the high-risk group. The score demonstrated 82.35% sensitivity, 82.69% specificity, 43.75% PPV, 96.63% NPV, and 82.64% accuracy in predicting Preeclampsia, indicating good screening potential.
Conclusions: Gestosis score is low cost, noninvasive screening tool for predicting preeclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Early Ecosprin prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence and severity of complications in high-risk pregnancies
Correlation between pronated foot posture, movement quality and postural stability among college students: a pilot study
Get PDFBackground: Postural control and movement mechanics are significantly influenced by foot position. Pronated foot posture has been associated with reduced movement quality and impaired balance. It is characterized by medial arch collapse and foot eversion. College students may be more prone to these musculoskeletal abnormalities as a result of their lifestyle choices and extended periods of inactivity.
Methods: The 22 college students between the ages of 18 and 25 participated in a pilot cross-sectional study. The Flamingo balance test (FBT) was used to test static balance, the Y-balance test (YBT) was used to measure dynamic balance, the foot posture index-6 (FPI-6) was used to measure foot posture, and the functional movement screen (FMS) was used to evaluate movement quality. The association between postural stability, movement quality, and pronated foot posture was ascertained using Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results: FPI-6 showed a strong negative correlation with FMS (r=-0.72, p<0.001 right; r=-0.599, p=0.003 left) and static balance (r=-0.75, p<0.001 right; r=-0.55, p=0.008 left). No significant correlation was observed with dynamic balance (p>0.05). FMS was positively correlated with static balance (r=0.648, p=0.001 right; r=0.621, p=0.002 left) but not with dynamic balance (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The study found that college students who have pronated foot posture have considerably worse static and dynamic balance as well as lower movement quality. Early detection and foot posture-focused remedial measures may enhance functional results and avert further musculoskeletal problems
Primary biphasic synovial sarcoma in a rare anatomical site in an adolescent: a case report
Get PDFSynovial sarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor that predominantly affects adolescents and young adults, commonly arising in the extremities. Head and neck involvement is uncommon, accounting for only 0.7% to 10% of all synovial sarcoma cases. The parapharyngeal space is an especially rare site, representing approximately 0.5% of head and neck tumors. We present the case of an adolescent male with a progressively enlarging mass in the parapharyngeal space. Clinical and radiological evaluation suggested a mesenchymal lesion. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), followed by histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry, confirmed the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. The tumor displayed characteristic biphasic histology and immune profile. The patient underwent surgical resection and was later lost to follow-up. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by mesenchymal tumors in unusual locations such as the parapharyngeal space. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry is essential for accurate diagnosis and optimal management. Awareness of such rare presentations is important, especially in adolescents, to avoid misdiagnosis, delayed treatment and recurrence