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Spatial Transitions and the Political Economy in Latin America’s Memorial Museums: The ex-ESMA and the Memorial Da Resistência
No full textDuring the dictatorships both the former DEOPs (Departamento de Ordem Política e Social) in São Paulo and the former ESMA (Escuela Mecánica de la Armada) in Buenos Aires functioned as clandestine detention centers. Today, the functions of both of these spaces could be broadly (and contentiously) described as memorials, museums, and spaces of public gathering. In 2009 the former DEOPs was inaugurated as the Memorial da Resistência, and in 2004 the former ESMA was inaugurated as the Espacio Memoria y Derechos Humanos [ex-ESMA]. I say “contentiously” because the historical dialogues that framed the creation, use, and definition of the Memorial and the ex-ESMA continue to be highly divisive issue in both countries, and the concerns regarding physical development parallel the complicated and divergent paths towards transitional justice that Brazil and Argentina have taken. In this work I assert that the spatial transitions seen in Brazil and Argentina have been directly influenced by the powerful processes of political and economic restructuring that occurred in both nations in the late 1990’s and early 2000’s as reverberations of the economic effects of the dictatorships.UNM Latin American & Iberian Institute, UNM Feminist Research Institute, the Graduate and Professional Student Organization, the Office of Graduate StudiesMA Latin American Studies, MA Community + Regional PlanningMastersUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of Latin American StudiesIsaac, ClaudiaLehnen, LeilaYu, Kristin
Cross-linguistic Functions of Complement Clauses in Oral Monologic Texts
No full textComplement relations are widely identified as a type of subordination, which is traditionally defined as the combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause. A complement clause is traditionally defined as a dependent clause that refers to an event or proposition functioning as an argument of a main clause. This study takes a non-traditional, functional-typological view of subordination and complement relations following the Asymmetry Assumption (Cristofaro 2003, cf. Langacker 1991). From this perspective, subordination is an asymmetrical relation between functionally-linked states of affairs (SoAs) such that the profile of one overrides the other. Complement relations are those in which the semantics of an SoA entails that another SoA is referred to. Cross-linguistic studies of complementation (Givón 1980, Noonan 1985/2007, and Cristofaro 2003) describe the semantics of complement-taking predicates (CTPs), the structural characteristics of complements, and correlations between them. Complement types are distinguished based on the semantic relation between CTP and complement, implied by the meaning of the CTP.
Through an analysis of complement clauses within their larger context it will be shown how their discourse functions correlate with semantic CTP categories. The data consists of 25 oral monologic texts from a sample of 12 geographically and genetically diverse languages. A clause-by-clause analysis of each text revealed five major discourse functions of complement clauses: to express a secondary discourse sequence, facilitate the main progression of discourse, elaborate preceding or subsequent information, orient a situation within a discourse mode, and indicate a climactic or salient point in the discourse context. The findings of this study further reveal that complement relations expressing an intention toward or purpose of a particular course of events are found to pattern with certain discourse functions. This suggests that these semantic features deserve more attention in a classification of semantic CTP categories.LinguisticsMastersUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of LinguisticsCroft, WilliamAxelrod, MelissaVallejos, Ros
On Childhood and Other Sad Things
No full textThis manuscript is an experimental and otherwise lyrical autobiography that explores the nature of childhood.Creative WritingMastersUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of EnglishMartin, GregoryMueller, DanielChavez, LisaShea, Jerom
Scholarly Communications Journal Club Syllabus
No full textThis Medical Library Association Journal Club was conducted at the Health Sciences Library and Informatics Center at the University of New Mexico from August 2015 - May 2016. Ten topics within scholarly communications were studied, including an introduction and background to scholarly communications, academic publishing and the role of publishers, digital curation and preservation, copyright, open access and the role of peer review, scholarly communication in libraries, scholarly impact and metrics, and open educational resources (OERs). The readings for each topic are included, many of which are open access publications.The Health Sciences Library and Informatics Center
IMPROVING RN-BSN COMPLETION RATES IN NEW MEXICO: A NMNEC MODEL VS. CURRENT MODELS
No full textThe Institute of Medicine (IOM) Future of Nursing report (2011) called for a change in nursing
workforce structure, recommending that 80% of all registered nurses hold a minimum of a
baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN) by the year 2020. The New Mexico Education
Consortium (NMNEC) developed a statewide Associate Degree in Nursing program (ADN) that
allows graduates to achieve their registered nursing license (RN). NMNEC ADN graduates must
enroll in baccalaureate degree in nursing (BSN) completion programs to move to the next degree
level. State funded New Mexico RN-BSN completion programs in New Mexico have reportedly
low completion rates. Current RN-BSN curricula are not aligned with the NMNEC pre-licensure
model to ensure seamless transition into a completion program and successful completion of that
program.
This study used surveys and key informant interviews to gain deeper understanding of the
state-funded RN-BSN completion programs available as to admission, retention, and broader
application to improving the numbers of BSNs in the workforce. Recommendations for
improving completion rates in New Mexico include finding ways to make experience count,
streamlining programs to avoid repetition of previous knowledge, and focusing on the key
content directly relevant to the baccalaureate nurse. There is stated interest in developing a
common RN-BSN model, with special consideration of the NMNEC ADN graduate, to improve
completion rates in the state-funded programs
Continuity of Care
No full textBackground/purpose: Patient satisfaction and better outcomes are at the forefront of Medicare reimbursements under the 2010 enactment of the Affordable Care Act. Reforms to the Medicare payment system have shifted provider payments from pay for services to pay for performance reimbursements. When hospitals meet or exceed benchmarks for providing better outcomes and increasing their patients' satisfaction then they receive monetary incentives. Private insurance companies are sure to follow suit and therapeutic ancillary services will be included. Patient satisfaction increases patient compliance which leads to decreased costs and increases outcomes. The purpose of this project was to determine how continuity of care impacts patient satisfaction and outcomes within the field of physical therapy. This leads to the PICO question: Do patients with a higher level of continuity of care report being more satisfied with their physical therapy and achieve functional outcomes sooner? Case Description: Mr. R was a 77 year old male hospitalized for pneumonia derived sepsis. He had a multitude of existing comorbidities and residual weakness following a prior cerebral vascular accident (CVA). He had numerous encounters with healthcare providers and settings. He has been admitted to a regional hospital, local hospital, skilled nursing facility (SNF), home healthcare, and outpatient physical therapy. He presented to outpatient physical therapy for decreased motor function, strength, and possible prosthetic training. Outcomes: A review of evidence based literature reveals that a higher level of continuity care increases patient satisfaction and leads to improved patient outcomes. Patients who are satisfied are more compliant with their exercise programs and have better attendance to scheduled visits. This decreases the number of visits needed to achieve patient goals which decreases patient costs. Other research provides a link between decreasing readmission rates and the number and severity of activity limitations. Continuity of care influences a patient's recovery in numerous ways. Discussion: There is limited research in physical therapy pertaining to continuity of care and the impacts on recovery. Of the eight articles reviewed there is a high correlation of continuity of care increasing patient satisfaction and outcomes. Six out of the eight articles were specific to physical therapy. Of these, four pertained to outpatient physical therapy. One dealt with the transitions between acute care to rehabilitation hospitals, long term care, home health care and outpatient physical therapy. The last considered how continuity of care in home health physical therapy impacts re-hospitalization. The remaining two of the eight articles studied continuity of care and primary care physicians. All eight studies researched how higher levels of continuity of care impacts patient satisfaction and/or outcomes. With the new healthcare reimbursement standards, having a higher continuity of care will benefit a facility's bottom line, as well as, provide the best clinical format to make physical therapy more efficient and effective. From the patients'standpoint, they want to get better sooner, be satisfied with their service and pay less for it. A clinical model that includes the highest level of continuity of care influences all these aspects in patient care
Characterization of Consolidated Granular Salt
No full textGranular salt is likely to be used as backfill material and a seal system component within geologic salt formations serving as a repository for long-term isolation of nuclear waste. Pressure from closure of the surrounding salt formation will promote consolidation of granular salt, eventually resulting in properties comparable to native salt. Understanding the consolidation processes dependence on stress state, moisture availability, and temperature is important for demonstrating sealing functions and long-term repository performance. This study includes the characterization of laboratory-consolidated salt by means of microstructural observations, measurement of physical properties related to the pore structure, and quantification of pore sizes areas under differing conditions. Samples for this study were obtained from mine-run granular salt from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) and Avery Island which were consolidated hydrostatically with varying conditions of stress up to 38 MPa, temperatures up to 250C, and moisture additions of 1%. Porosities achieved from consolidation ranged between 0.01 and 0.22.
Microstructural observations using optical and scanning electron (SEM) microscopes were made to provide direct insight into deformation mechanisms during consolidation. Porosity, specific surface area, permeability, and tortuosity factor were quantified through multiple techniques including point counting, petrographic image analysis (PIA), porosimetry, and steady-state gas permeametry. Pore area distributions categorized into micropores (<1000 m2) and macropores (>1000 m2) were developed from Back-Scattered Electrons (BSE) SEM images analyzed in Fiji. .
Overall, the addition of moisture produces a higher degree of cohesion among grains, lower permeabilities and porosities as well as higher specific surface areas and lower macropore frequency at higher temperatures. A higher stress was also seen to lower porosity, increase specific surface area, and lower the frequency of micropores. Higher temperature samples experienced low porosities, more grain boundary cohesion, and, in WIPP samples, a higher frequency of macropores in the range from 1000 to 2500 m2. From microstructural observations, samples with 1% added moisture or those which were unvented during consolidation demonstrated clear pressure solution processes with tightly cohered grain boundaries and areas of occluded fluid pore spaces. Samples consolidated without additional moisture exhibited mainly cataclastic and plastic deformation. Recrystallization was also observed in samples consolidated at temperatures of 90C with added moisture and 250C. Porosities obtained from methods that measured both total and connected porosity were similar, suggesting a connected pore network within samples. From image analysis, a general trend of increase in specific surface area with a decrease in porosity was observed. Permeability values decreased with decreasing porosity and are comparable to permeability-porosity relationships for rock salt published by others. The tortuosity factor was calculated from the Carman-Kozeny model, which incorporates permeability, porosity, and specific surface area, and generally increased with decreasing porosity. Pore area analysis reveals porosities consisting predominately of macropores and minor changes in pore area frequencies with respect to consolidation conditions.
It is well known that stress, temperature, and moisture affect the behavior of salt consolidation, but complete studies on deformation mechanisms and the evolving pore structure over a large range of conditions is not abundant. Information provided here enhances the current understanding of granular salt consolidation by offering direct insight into micro-mechanic processes and transformation of pore structure components.Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Energy- Nuclear Energy University ProgramsCivil EngineeringMastersUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of Civil EngineeringStormont, JohnHansen, FrankThomson, BruceBauer, Stephe
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND EXCITON DYNAMICS IN ORGANIC CONJUGATED POLYMERS
No full textIntermolecular electronic interactions, dipole coupling and orbital overlap, caused by π-π stacking in organic conjugated polymers lead to unique structures and properties that can be harnessed for optoelectronic applications. These interactions define structure-function relationships in amorphous and aggregated forms of polymers in the solid state and determine their efficiencies and functionality in electronic devices, from transistors to solar cells. Organic polymer electronic device performance depends critically upon electronic coupling between monomer units –mediated by conformation and packing characteristics – that dictates electronic properties like conductivity and capacitance as well as electronic processes, such as charge carrier generation and transport. This dissertation demonstrates how electronic processes in conjugated polymers are mediated by subtle inter- and intra-chain electronic interactions imparted by the conformational degrees of freedom within their solid state structure and how this effects device performance.
To initiate this investigation into structure-function relationships, an examination of nanoparticles representing two limiting aggregation states of the conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was conducted. These aggregates are defined by their predominate form of electronic coupling, inter- or intrachain, called H- and J-aggregates respectively. H- or J-aggregates of P3HT were embedded in an insulating matrix and time-resolved fluorescence intensity modulation spectroscopy was utilized to uncover the existence of efficient singlet-triplet quenching in J aggregates not present in H-aggregates.
These studies were extended by examining P3HT H-and J-aggregates under applied electric fields in capacitor type devices using multiple time-resolved and steady-state spectroscopic techniques. These experiments reveal electronic couplings in J aggregates that shift excited state population towards a majority composed of long lived, quenchable, isolated singlet excitations. The structure of J aggregates which leads to isolated excitations, and the role which inter-chain contact sites play in triplet formation from these singlet excitations is revealed.
New structure-function relationships were uncovered in poly (3-alkyl-thienylenevinylene) (P3ATV) derivatives using resonance Raman and photocurrent spectroscopies. Time-dependent spectroscopic theory was used to interpret experimental Raman and absorption spectra that revealed the presence of structural polymorphs. These polymorphs provide an explanation of the spectroscopic evidence without presumption of a deactivating dark state in this unusually non-fluorescence material.
Photovoltaic devices constructed from blends of poly (2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene) (PBTTT) and PCBM blends were examined using Raman and photocurrent imaging techniques. These techniques were used to identify different packing states in blended thin films and correlate photocurrent production with local order. Intensity modulated spectroscopic techniques (IMPS) were then used to locate regions of non-geminate charge recombination at interfaces between amorphous and crystalline regions in working devices.
Next, P3HT/PCBM OPV devices were exposed to ionizing radiation in a vacuum chamber. These devices were characterized before and after exposure, using standardized solar cell tests, Raman imaging, wide-field IMPS, and IMVS spectroscopies. An analysis of the spectroscopic data determined that the donor polymer is highly resistant to radiation damage, and that the degradation of device performance is due to an effect (cross-linking or degradation) within aggregates of the acceptor.
This dissertation concludes with an interpretation of the significance of the findings contained herein to organic electronics, followed by a brief outlook for future work in these fields. Potential theories to describe and predict molecular interactions for organic polymers in the solid state based upon their structure are discussed here. This section also covers applications to device and material design features, from molecular considerations to engineered architectures.National Science Foundation, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, New Mexico Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive ResearchChemistryDoctoralUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of ChemistryGrey, JohnQin, YangHabteyes, TerefeDunlap, Davi
“FROM AT-RISK TO SCHOLAR: TRANSFORMATIONAL LEARNING AMONG UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCHERS”
No full textHow do undergraduate research programs act as effective agents of perspective transformation among underrepresented students? El Puente Fellows is an undergraduate research program that provides a space where underrepresented students are transformed. Its structure is designed to counter the negative Master Narrative at play for first generation, low income, and minority students in higher education. This study looked at the extent to which perspective transformative experiences were at play and guided students to greater academic, personal and professional goals in El Puente. Participants reported to be empowered as a result of the program and have higher levels of self-confidence regarding their education and future careers. The study also supports undergraduate research as a tool for transformative learning leading to the retention, graduation and transition of underrepresented students.Organizational Learning and Instructional TechnologyDoctoralUniversity of New Mexico. Division of Educational Leadership and Organizational LearningBoverie, PatriciaLopez-Chavez, CeliaGrassberger, Rober