Journal Of Advanced Zoology
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"Revolutionizing Lawn Care: AI-Driven Solar-Powered Humorless Grassland Mower With IoT Integration"
Get PDFThe primary objective of an AI-driven solar-powered humorless grassland mower with IoT integration is to provide an innovative, sustainable, and efficient solution for grassland maintenance, addressing the challenges of traditional lawn care methods while promoting environmental stewardship and technological advancement. Methods: Developing an AI-driven solar-powered humorless grassland mower with IoT integration involves integrating various technologies and methodologies such as AI Algorithm, Solar Power System Design, Robotics and Automation, IoT Integration, User Interface and Control System. Findings: It can vary depending on the specific objectives, implementation, and testing conducted. It can provide valuable insights into its performance, sustainability, reliability, and user acceptance, helping to inform further development and optimization efforts. Novelty: By introducing novel features and approaches in these areas, an AI-driven solar-powered grassland mower with IoT integration can offer unique capabilities and benefits that set it apart from conventional lawn care equipment and contribute to advancements in sustainable landscaping practices. This paper proposes an innovative AI-Driven Solar-Powered Humorless Grassland Mower with IoT Integration. Traditional manual lawn mowing not only demands labor but also contributes to environmental pollution through nonrenewable resource consumption. To address these challenges, our solution leverages advanced technologies to transform grassland upkeep. The mower is equipped with a range of IoT sensors including ultrasonic, proximity, GPS, and cameras. These sensors enable real-time data collection and decision-making, allowing the mower to adjust its mowing schedule based on forecasted data and navigate around obstacles. Furthermore, during periods of poor sunlight or low battery levels, the mower autonomously returns to its self-charging station for recharging. Data collected by the mower can be sent to the cloud for further analysis and storage. Users have the convenience of remotely controlling the mower through a smartphone app or web interface, enabling initiation, termination, or scheduling of mowing sessions from anywhere. Our AI-integrated IoT solution offers a sustainable and efficient approach to grassland maintenance, reducing labuor requirements and environmental impact while maximizing operational autonomy
Prevalence of Mastitis and its Impacts on Milk Composition in Lassi Camel Breed in Lasbela, Pakistan
Get PDFThe current study was done to evaluate prevalence of mastitis in Lassi camel breed in Lasbela, Pakistan. A total of 100 camel cows were selected for milk sampling for isolation and identification of mastitis causing bacteria and biochemical tests. A questionnaire was used to know prevalence of mastitis associated with species, breed, age, parity, and udder hygiene condition, frequency of milking, practice of teat dipping, and feeding frequency of the camel cows. A t-test was used to anylyse the results and prevalence data was expressed in percentage.
The total 43% prevalence of mastitis was observed in Lassi camel of ofLasbella district Balochistan, Pakistan. It was observed that prevalence of mastitis 38%, 41.18%, and 47.5% was increased with advancement in the age 4-7, 7-10, and above 10 years, respectively. It was also observed that some associated factors such as milking and feeding frequency, and udder hygine play important role in mastitis. During mastitis, significantly increased in fat, protein, total solids, solids not fat, and moisture contents, and pH and significantly declined in lactose indices was observed. Staphylococcus aureus species were dominantly found followed with Streptococcus agalactiea and Streptococcus dysagalctiea. This study will helpful to the local farmers and veterinarian regarding proper use of antimicrobial agents, and maintenance of udder hygiene to control mastitis in Lassi camel breed in Lasbela, Pakistan.  
A Review On Threatened Medicinal Plants In Uttarakhand And Their Genetic Diversity Assessment Through Molecular Markers
Get PDFUttarakhand has a rich plant biodiversity, many of which have high medicinal properties. Medicinal plants have been used against insects, diseases, and herbivorous mammals through the production of chemical compounds. Various reasons like overexploitation, overgrazing, unsustainable development, etc. lead to their extinction and make them threatened species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) was established to prioritize species conservation, assess threat status, and develop suitable strategies due to the vast diversity of species. The genetic diversity of these threatened species can be determined using various markers. Molecular marker technology aids in analyzing genetic diversity, population structure, and species adaptation, enabling conservation measures and assessing genetic stability in conserved species. In this article, we have reviewed the genetic diversity of six threatened plants of Uttarakhand (Picrorhiza kurroa, Aconitum heterophyllum, Nardostachys jatamansi, Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Zanthoxylum armatum, Saussurea costus) in India as well as in other countries. A review highlighting the use of recent molecular markers like ISSR, SSR, RAPD, etc. to determine genetic diversity. Most of the medicinal plants show diversity less than 0.5, which indicates that the plants are at extreme risk of extinction. The diversity is calculated based on polymorphism percentage. The analysis of genetic diversity between species using ISSR, next-generation sequencing, AFLP, and microsatellite markers reveals low genetic diversity in A. heterophyllum, P. kurroa, N. jatamansi, Z. armatum, D. hatagirea, and S. costus
Analysis of heavy metal concentration and its bioaccumulation in Gerres filamentosus (Cuvier, 1829) from Ashtamudi Lake, Kollam, Kerala, South India
Get PDFThis study investigates the distribution of heavy metals in Ashtamudi Lake, a significant freshwater ecosystem in South India, and its implications for the health of Gerres filamentosus, a commercially important fish species. Samples were collected from two sites within the lake, and concentrations of Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), and Lead (Pb) were measured in water, sediment, and fish tissues. The results were compared to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to assess potential risks to human health. The study found that Fe was the most abundant heavy metal in all samples, followed by Zn and Pb. Gill tissues of the fish species had the highest metal accumulation, while muscle tissues had the lowest. While, at site 2, out of the three heavy metals, the concentration of Fe in the muscle tissues exceeded the limit recommended by the WHO. Consequently, prolonged consumption of fish from this region could potentially lead to health risks associated with Fe toxicity. Overall, the findings suggest that Ashtamudi Lake, particularly the second site, is polluted with heavy metals, posing potential risks to both aquatic organisms and human health. The study underscores the importance of environmental protection measures to preserve the health and integrity of this vital ecosystem
Faunistics And Taxonomic Study Of Spider (Arachnida: Araneae) Fauna In District Battagram Kp, Pakistan
Get PDFThe current study investigated spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) Fauna in the Battagram District from March to November of 2022. All around up to 900 spider specimens were collected by using a variety of methods, such as the use of bark pitfall traps, ground pitfall traps, cryptic searching, aerial hand collection, ground hand collection, vegetation beating, and white beating sheets from 31 locations throughout the research area, and then were kept in 70% ethanol, and were then classified into 15 families, 41 genera, and 53 species using taxonomic keys of (Tikader, 1987;) and online keys on http://araneae.nmbc.ch/; Ali, 2017. The families that have been confirmed are Agelenidae, Araneidae, Corinnidae, Gnaphosidae, Idiopidae, Lycosidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Sparassidae, Palpimanidae, Pholcidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiidae, Thomisidae, Oxyopidae. From the research area, all species have been discovered for the first time; however, Aculepeira carbonaria, Agelena orientalis, Allagelena gracilens, Araniella inconspicua, Agalenatea redii, Araniella proxima, Araneus angulatus, Araniella opisthographa, Bassaniodes bufo, Cambalida flavipes, Drassyllus lutetianus, , Gnaphosa leporina, Histopona torpida, Heriaeus simoni, Langona aperta, Palpimanus gibbulus, Parasyrisca schenkeli, Pardosa bifasciata, Pisaura mirabilis, Tegenaria lapicidinarum, Tegenaria silvestris, Thyene calebi, Xysticus bifasciatus and Xysticus ferrugineus, for the first time from Pakistan. The Araneidae family was the most prevalent family with 13 species classified under 9 genera; the least number of species reported belonged to the Palpimanidae, Pisauridae, and Theridiidae families. Further investigation into the spider fauna of Battagram could potentially commence from the current study
FERTILITY BOOSTER EFFECT OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS AGAINST ARSENIC INDUCED REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY IN CHARLES FOSTER RATS
Get PDFIn Bihar, an estimated 10 million are exposed to arsenic poisoning through drinking of water. The entire Gangetic plain region people are exposed to arsenic poisoning which is causing lot of health hazards including the problem of infertility. Usually, the infertility problem is associated with the hormonal imbalances and arsenic is a xenoestrogen toxicant which plays major role in causing the imbalance. Moreover, this reproductive disorder has become a major problem in the society causing social stigma in the exposed population. Therefore, there is indeed need for search of novel drug which may play major role in combating the present problem. The present study therefore aims to discover fertility booster against the arsenic induced male reproductive toxicity in animal models.
The current study was conducted on Charles Foster Rats after approval by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institution. A total of n=18 rats (12 weeks of age) with a mean weight of 160±20 g was used in this study. The study group consisted of n=6 controls and n=12 orally treated with sodium arsenite at a dose of 8mg/kg b.w per day for 40 days. The n= 6 animals were dissected and rest n=6 was administered orally with Asparagus racemosus root ethanolic extract at the dose of 400mg/Kg b.w per day for 40 days. At the end of the entire experiment, all the animals were dissected out and their reproductive organs were taken out especially epididymis for sperm counts, sperm motility, sperm mortality, sperm morphology. The blood samples were taken for hormonal determination (testosterone and luteinizing hormone), as well as for haematological and biochemical analysis.
The study showed a severe degeneration in the reproductive organs of the arsenic-treated rats. There were degenerative changes in sperm count, sperm motility, sperm mortality, sperm morphology, in the hormonal parameters, as well as in the hematological and biochemical parameters in the arsenic treated rats. But, in the Asparagus racemosus root ethanolic extract treated group, there was significant normalization in all these parameters. Therefore, in the present study, the Asparagus racemosus root ethanolic extract at the dose of 400mg/kg/ body weight per day shows significant fertility boost effect on arsenic induced Charles Foster rats
Standardization of Preservation Technique and Evaluation Test of Citrus Pseudo Limon (Hill Lemon) Juice.
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the preservation techniques and quality of hill lemon (Citrus pseudo Limón Tan.) juice. Various preservation methods including organic preservatives were compared and the juice was subjected to physico-chemical and organoleptic tests. Results showed that boiling the juice with salt and mustard oil yielded the longest shelf life (10 months) while maintaining sensory qualities. Additionally the study assessed the pH, organoleptic properties, titrable acidity, and ascorbic acid content of the juice over a storage period of 180 days. Recommendations for further improvement in preservation techniques were provided based on the findings. The hardy hill lemon (Citrus pseudo Limón Tan.) grows successfully In the low and mid slopes Of Himachal Pradesh. Its juice is stored and utilized as a souring agent in pickles, chutneys, and Other food preparations. Using organic preservatives the shelf life of Hill Lemon juice was evaluated. Juice is boiled until foam or leather forms at which point an organic Preservative (salt) is added. 20g/L of juice plus a 20ml/L mustard oil top dressing) was deemed To be the best and got the highest rating.Evaluation tests, including pH measurement, organoleptic assessments, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid content, ensured the juice met quality and safety standards. Despite variations in TSS and ascorbic acid content over the storage period, the preservation techniques effectively maintained the juice’s overall quality. However, a significant decline in ascorbic acid content was observed, indicating a need for further research to mitigate nutrient loss during preservation. Overall, the study highlights the importance of standardized preservation techniques for hill lemon juice to meet consumer expectations for high-quality, shelf-stable products. Recommendations include exploring alternative preservation methods to minimize nutrient loss and enhance the juice’s shelf life while maintaining its nutritional and sensory properties
Gender Inequality In Malaysia Labour Force: Data Evidence
Get PDFWomen have overcome many challenges within the labour market, but gender inequality still exists in the form of total employment by categories and states. The higher gender disparity was found in Selangor with the ratio of the men and women employed at 599,200 and this is concentrated in the 30-34 years old. The past findings on the gender discrimination practice in the Malaysian labour market motivated this study to fill the literature gap by providing an up-close analysis on the differences observed within the different states in Malaysia, the difference that can be observed by age group, by the status of employment, by the different sectors of employment and the gender difference as observed in mean and median wages. As context for the finding, an overview of the government policy initiatives to close the gender gap is also provided. One of the proposed recommendations was the balanced responsibility between both genders in household care
Biochemical Analysis And Impact Of Chicken Consumption On Human Behavior
Get PDFPoultry meat is an integral part of human diet due to its high protein content, amino acids, low cholesterol, unique flavor, and affordable price. The production of chicken carried out all over the world. In Pakistan, the poultry industry is a notable and dynamic part of agricultural industry. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of chicken consumption in people attending University of Okara. The questionnaire was designed to collect the data of about 500 people. It was found that 34% males and 66% females contributed. People consuming desi and poultry chicken shows significant difference and (166.67 ± 119.30) while the frequency of chicken consumption was (125±92.1710). People consumed chicken showed their interest by buying through different sites (125±127.72). People feel energy changes after consumption and those who felt no change shows non-significance. Chicken consumption relation with social bonding and impact on habits show significant differences. The Biochemical analysis including Endocrinology test, Lipids profile, and Liver function of people show variation in both groups. To conclude, mostly people consume poultry chicken rather than desi due to availability. Chicken consumers show positive response according to effect on behavior, but reduced chicken consumption due to increased prices
Distance Measures Insights For Breast Cancer Analysis Using K-NN Algorithm
Get PDFBreast cancer stands as a prevalent disease among women, ranking high in terms of frequency. It is treatable if caught early enough. The greatest technique for predicting breast cancer is what this paper seeks to deliver. Mammograms can detect abnormal growths, although they are not always 100% accurate in identifying breast cancer. This article provides a superior way of prediction without biopsy, as it is currently not possible to confirm the presence of breast cancer without a biopsy. This study proposes the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) technique, which is commonly used in machine learning for regression and classification. This study requires a number of steps, such as importing the dataset, pre-processing the data, and choosing the characteristics that need to be classified. The k-NN method additionally employed a variety of distance metrics to distinguish between benign and malignant tumours. Additionally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested strategy, the produced anser is contrasted with other outcomes. With improved distance measurements made possible by the k-NN algorithm, the study\u27s findings advance our understanding of breast cancer prediction. Topsoe, Lorentzian distance, and Averageapproaches produced the most reliable overall results. Comparisons are made between the outcomes and established techniques such as the Euclidean, Clark, and Bray-Curtis distances