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Quantum Games Based Communication Protocols
Get PDF Medium access control (MAC) and efficient spectrum allocation function particularly, are real challenges that wireless communications are facing nowadays and Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA), enhanced with quantum computation techniques, is the most promising alternative. In such a context, we capitalize quantum games and quantum decisions strengths to design protocols that make classic communications more efficient. That is, we focus on protocols running on quantum devices whose input and output signals are classic. In this work we propose a quantum media access control (QMAC) that allows dynamic and fair spectrum allocation. Particularly, we point to two of the main DSA functions, which are Spectrum Sharing and Spectrum Allocation
Felsic Xenocryst in the Bedded Porcellanite (Mesoproterozoic) of the Central India: An Evidence Suggesting the Rhyolitic Source of Silica
Get PDF The Mesoproterozoic porcellanite of the Vindhyan Super group is the oldest porcellanite deposit of India. Its origin is poorly understood in the absence of silica secreting organisms during Proterozoic times and earlier. Here, we interpret the origin and possible source of silica based on sedimentary structures and xenocryst occurring in these porcellanites. Lithofacies and related sedimentary structures suggest that the studied porcellanite precipitated in a shallow marine condition in the intracratonic Vindhyan basin. Four different facies types are recognised within the porcellanite; these are yellow, black, white and green chert / porcellanite. Based on physical characteristics, it is suggested that the black and green porcellanites are chert and yellow and white porcellanites are either rhyolite or porcellanie.ellow and white porcellanite are either rhyolite or porcellanite. The presence of felsic xenocryst, including sanidine, encased within the microcrystalline and cryptocrystalline quartz suggests that the source of silica was a rhyolite. The quartz of the felsic volcanic rock (rhyolite) was dissolved in the seawater during alkaline pH created by the presence of phytoplanktons and the dissolved silica got precipitated in the form of bedded chert and porcellanite during lowering of the pH coupled with the evaporation of the seawater. The intermittent supply of the clay as impurities in the silica originated true porcellanite in the present case
Creating Alternatives for Stochastic Water Resources Management Decision-Making Using a Firefly Algorithm-Driven Simulation-Optimization Approach
Get PDFAbstract: In solving complex water resources management (WRM) problems, it can prove preferable to create numerous quantifiably good alternatives that provide multiple, disparate perspectives. This is because WRM normally involves multifaceted problems that are riddled with incompatible performance objectives and contain inconsistent design requirements, which are very difficult to quantify and capture when supporting decisions must be constructed. By producing a set of options that are maximally different from each other in terms of their unmodelled variable structures, it is hoped that some of these dissimilar solutions may convey very different perspectives that may serve to address these unmodelled objectives. In environmental planning, this maximally different option production procedure is referred to as modelling-to-generate-alternatives (MGA). In addition, many components of WRM problems possess extensive stochastic uncertainty. This study provides a firefly algorithm-driven simulation-optimization approach for MGA that can be used to efficiently create multiple solution alternatives to problems containing significant stochastic uncertainties that satisfy required system performance criteria and yet are maximally different in their decision spaces. This algorithmic approach is both computationally efficient and simultaneously produces a prescribed number of maximally different solution alternatives in a single computational run of the procedure. The effectiveness of this stochastic MGA approach for creating alternatives in “real world”, environmental policy formulation is demonstrated using a WRM case study
Multi-Phyto Beneficial Mechanisms and Applications of Serratia spp.
Get PDF Plant diseases generate substantial threat to agriculture. Bacterial species with the ability to prevent these diseases are expected to have promises as natural alternative to chemical control measures. The bacteria of the genus Serratiahave been reported to have bothrhizospheric and endophytic association with protective effect to various plants. Among the various species, S. marcescens, S. plymuthica, S. rubidaea and S. liquefaciens have been extensively studied for their anti-phytopathogenic mechanisms. These involve production of antibiotics such as prodiogisin, pyrrolnitrin and oomycidin and also the production of lytic enzymes such as chitinases. In addition to this, they are also known for their ability for the induction of induced systemic resistance, which indirectly make the plant competent towards various pathogens. Serratia spp. are also known for their accumulation of other plant beneficial features like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity and phosphate solubilization. Hence the multi-beneficial mechanisms of Serratia spp. towards plants is highly impressive and is expected to have increasing agricultural applications. Current review is designed to provide insight into plant beneficial promises of Serratia spp
A Survey on Rainfall Prediction and Anomalies using Time Series Models in Different Climates
Get PDF In this study, using 50 years of rainfall data and ARIMA model, critical areas of Iran were determined. For this purpose, annual rainfall data of 112 different synoptic stations in Iran were gathered. To summarize, it could be concluded that: ARIMA model was an appropriate tool to forecast annual rainfall. According to obtained results from relative error, five stations include IRANSHAHR, SIRJAN, NAEIN, ZAHEDAN, and KISH, were in critical condition. At 45 stations accrued rainfalls with amounts of less than half of average in the 50-year period. Therefore, in these 45 areas, chance of drought is more than other areas of Iran
The Prospects for Expansion and Cost-Effective Development of Mineral Resources in the Mining and Industrial Areas of India
Get PDF Exploitation of different kinds of mineral deposits is currently addressed to recover mostly the main product from an ore, with little effort either for its co-/by-products or for value-addition and creation of wealth from waste. Presently, mineral industry is facing many problems that make it less attractive for old and new entrepreneurs. To overcome them, there is a need for ‘Mega-, Micro- and Nano (10-9)-Scale’ (MMNS) investigations on both working and potential ore deposits. Salient aspects of these multi-disciplinary and multi-faceted, both field- and laboratory-based, investigations, together with their main objectives, during different stages of ‘Mineral Exploration and Exploitation’ (MEE) are presented. Brief description of some major explored and exploited ore deposits in India, along with their possible, high-value by-products, and waste from a few mining industries, both recommended for research, are listed. Nano-scale mineral technology, presently in its initial stage, may be effectively used to isolate valuable elements or molecules from ore and gangue minerals as well as has the potentiality for ‘Recycling and Reusing’ (R & R) of waste material, thereby serving the twin concept of value-addition and creation of wealth from waste. Some pertinent problems of mineral industry, which can be tackled by comprehensive MMNS studies, and some requiring future Research and Development (R & D), as well as expected results of such research are given. The objectives of these studies on ore deposits are (i) maximum recovery of both the main and valuable co-/by-products from ores for value-addition, (ii) utilization of their waste material for creation of wealth from waste and (iii) expansion and cost-effective development of mineral resources in mining and industrial areas of India
Integration of Theoretical Systems and Practice for Sustainable Urban Development
Get PDF In this study, we extended the practice of six city theoretical systems, namely “sustainable city,” “eco-city,” “low-carbon city,” “smart city,” “resilient city,” and “knowledge city” to obtain a clear understanding of, the sustainable development of contemporary cities. The study was divided into two parts: First, we executed a review of the literature on the six city theoretical systems, and second, we combined the practice of international organizations and cities corresponding to the aforementioned theories. We elucidated the definition of the theoretical systems and their practical application, representative cities, and relationship with sustainable urban development in terms of international organizations and operations. Finally, we conclude that low-carbon city is the only city theoretical system that can develop international legal initiatives and that it represents the importance and urgency of sustainability in the global urban environment. This study suggests that because different city theoretical systems are considered from the perspective of “sustainable cities”. The sustainable development is dynamic and changes with time and must thus be investigated in depth
Colours Preferences in Housing Furniture by Two Different Culture Groups
Get PDF Housing is an indicator of cultural identity of societies. Due to the housing they live, dwellers consciously or unconsciously give specific messages about their personal characteristics apart from their socio-cultural group. Colour preference which arouses different perceptions in people is one of the important elements in space design and is known to reflect the culture of dweller. It is thought that colours preferred for furniture which is one of the most important building stones of space is a cultural symbol and cultural differences are influential in the colour preferences of the furniture. With this study, colours preferences of dwellers in different socio-cultural groups for furniture in their housing which is the most prominent space reflecting culture were determined. Within the scope of study, survey and on-site monitoring were done in two different socio-culture groups and colours chosen by socio-cultural groups in their housing furniture were analyzed. As a result of the study it was examined that dwellers in two different socio-cultural groups used different colours in their housing furniture and differences between are revealed them
Research on High Density Water-Based Drilling Fluid of Complete Tectonic for the Southern Edge of the Junggar Basin
Get PDFThe southern edge of the Junggar basin in China has great potential for oil and gas exploitation. However, during drilling in this area, many borehole problems occurred, which leads to low rate of penetration and long drilling cycle. The main reasons from the geological aspect was that this area was affected by tectonic process, which leaded to development of complete tectonic, formation nappe along fault, big dip angles and poor stability. The Formation E2-3a was dominated by mudstone which was sensitive to water and can easily cause shale hydration expansion and dispersal. The instability of the formation is one of the major causes of borehole collapse and tight hole shrinkage. In order to improve the drilling speed and accelerate the process of exploration of southern edge in Juggar basin, the drilling fluids used in this region are studied based on data of geology and drilling data in this paper, Based on the characteristics of the formation E2-3a, a new high density PRT-organic salt drilling fluid is selected by conducting a large number of laboratory tests. Test results of the inhibitory, sealing and stain resistance of this fluid indicates that it could satisfy the drilling requirement in southern edge of the Junggar basin. And field applications also turned out to be positive, the drilling speed was increased by 22% and drilling cycle was reduced by 4 days
Socio-Physical and Environmental Evaluation of Courtyard Space and Courtyard-Lifestyle in the Context of Swahili Architecture and Culture-Case Study of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Get PDF This study was meant to analyze courtyard space in Magomeni neighborhood, which comprises Swahili architectural buildings arranged in grid iron pattern built in 1940s as African settlement. Three field surveys were conducted in 2012, 2013 and 2014 where, 99, 100 and 99 households samples were consecutively picked up for spatial, social, environmental and cultural analysis. In each survey, courtyard spaces were studied based on previous functions in terms of physical, environmental and socio-spatial roles in the Swahili architecture and lifestyle of the people. The original intended role of courtyard spaces were analyzed and compared with the current situation where most of them have lost their functions (architectural, environmental, cultural and social) due extension of rooms in the courtyard spaces which is caused by urbanization and socio-economic needs for renting spaces in areas within a walking distance from the city center. The physical analysis was followed up by the socio-statistical investigation where the results from the two analytical methods were discussed with the results as follows: Pragmatically, the courtyard spaces in Swahili architecture had central role in the physical, environmental and social layout of buildings which in this study it is considered as a “center of life” or genius loci of the Swahili architecture. The alteration in most of the buildings by extending rooms into the courtyard space has caused a downfall of this very vital space which has resulted into change of lifestyle of the residents. Discomfort due to lack of cross ventilation was reported by most of the respondents. Consequently, there is an excessive demand for artificial cooling and ventilation appliances which has increased the cost of living in the neighbourhood. Although residents have shown some efforts to plant trees to improve the living condition, a holistic approach from both the government and the community is needed in the redevelopment of the neighbourhood