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Prediction of the Dynamic Viscosity of N-Alcohol by Three Intelligent Models (ANN, LSSVM, and ANFIS) in Operation Conditions
Get PDFViscosity is an essential property in chemical engineering for different applications. If predicted accurately, the viscosity has a significant effect on chemical applications. In this paper, the capability of the three intelligence models, artificial neural network (ANN), least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), were evaluated to model the dynamic viscosity of n-alcohol at the different operational conditions. The models were improved based on a 237 data set collected from reliable articles. The used databank contains temperature (T), pressure (P), and carbon number of n-alcohols (n-C) were chosen as the input of models. The result of these models was studied by Statistical parameters such as Mean of the squares errors (MSE), Root mean of the squares errors (RMSE), Maximum absolute error (MAAE %), Mean absolute error (MEAE %), correlation coefficient and graphical technique like Taylor diagram and William plot. The proposed models are known to appropriately estimate the viscosity of n-alcohol at the different operational conditions. It was found that the ANN with R2= 0.999, MSE=0.000017, MAAE %= 1.6, MEAE %=0.32 for Test, and R2= 0.999, MSE=0.0000094, MAAE %= 0.83, MEAE %=0.23 for Train exhibited a high performance than LSSVM and ANFIS for predicting dynamic viscosity of n-alcohol at the operational conditions
Qualitative Analyses of ψ-Caputo Type Fractional Integrodifferential Equations in Banach Spaces
Get PDFIn this research paper, we develop and extend some qualitative analyses of a class of a nonlinear fractional integro-differential equation involving ψ-Caputo fractional derivative (ψ-CFD) and ψ-Riemann-Liouville fractional integral (ψ-RLFI). The existence and uniqueness theorems are obtained in Banach spaces via an equivalent fractional integral equation with the help of Banach’s fixed point theorem (B’sFPT) and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem (S’sFPT). An example explaining the main results is also constructed
Processes and Features of Subsidence Dolines (Sinkholes)
Get PDFThis study deals with the processes of subsidence dolines. These processes contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of karst areas and the relation between dolines and their environment. For this, several hundred dolines of various karst areas were studied. Investigations included measurements of doline size and processes (for example mass movements), the mapping of their morphology and processes, observation and tracking of some processes (for instance water inflow). Laboratory experiments were carried out, and we had VES measurements performed to obtain data on their sediments. The processes of dolines with various development phase were distinguished. The processes of developed dolines were classified according the site of their effect which may be present in the environment, on the side slope, on the floor, on the cover below the floor and in the bedrock. The processes were also put into groups based on their direction. It was established that the degree of supplier and transporting away processes and their value compared to each other controls doline size, while the denudation of the doline slope and the accumulation on its floor influences doline shape
Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI) and Degradation of Organic Pollutants by Z-Scheme g-C3N4/Bi2S3 Heterojunction
Get PDFPhotocatalytic reduction of hexavalent Cr(VI) couping oxidative degradation of organic contamination is an emerging and practical approach for water treatment. In this study, Z-scheme g-C3N4/Bi2S3 heterojunctions with intimate interface were successfully synthesized by direct growth of Bi2S3 on g-C3N4 surface. Notably, the photocatalytic performance of Z-scheme g-C3N4/Bi2S3 was influenced by g-C3N4 content. The optimized 2% g-C3N4/Bi2S3 heterojunction shows the highest photocatalytic reduction performance with 93.4% reduction efficiency of Cr(VI) under UV-visible light due to efficient separation and transfer of charge carriers and proper band structure. Furthermore, 2% g-C3N4/Bi2S3 can degrade tetracycline and Rhodamine B. Free radical capturing and quantitative tests indicate that holes and superoxide radicals are primary active species for the degradation of organic pollutants, while Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) by the photogenerated electrons. Overall, this study provides new insight into the synthesis of high-performance Z-scheme heterojunctions for the future advancement of photocatalysis technology
The Influence of Concentration on the Formation of Chemical Bath Deposited Copper Tin Sulphide Thin Films: SEM and EDX Studies
Get PDFNanostructured copper tin sulphide films have been deposited on the substrate (soda lime glass) via an economical chemical bath deposition method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique and energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX) method were employed in this work to study the films’ morphology and composition. The EDX data and SEM images confirmed that the content of elements (sulfur, tin, and copper), the shape, and the grain size strongly depended on the concentration of the precursors during the formation of films. Experimental results revealed that a higher atomic percentage of the element could be observed for the films prepared using a higher concentration of solution during the experiment
Recognition of Sign Language Based on Hand Gestures
Get PDFThe target of SLR or sign language recognition is to interpret the sign language into text, respectively. So the deaf and mute people can communicate with ordinary people easily. Sign language recognition has a tremendous social impact; however, it is challenging due to the significant variations and complexity in the hand actions. There are many existing methods for recognizing sign language that uses handcraft features for describing the motion of sign language and then, based on the features it makes the classification models. To approach the problem, we have discussed considering the KNN that can conveniently extract the features. The proposed model can be validated on a real data set
Rocking Response of the Rigid Block Under Rectangular Pulse Excitation: A Comparison between ODE and Optimization-Based Solvers
Get PDFIn this paper, the response of the rigid block under rectangular pulse excitation is investigated using two different modeling approaches and solvers. The first approach relies on the numerical integration of the differential equation of motion. The second approach is based on the formulation of the dynamic problem in terms of a special class of mathematical programming problem that is the linear complementarity problem. A validation study is carried out comparing the solutions given by the proposed formulation with the ones given by the numerical integration of the differential equation of motion obtained from ODE solvers available in MATLAB®. Potentialities and limitations of the mathematical programming formulation are discussed in terms of energy dissipation and restitution coefficient at impacts and in terms of solution times
Transforming Building Renovation: A Holistic, Strategic Approach with Construction Robot Management
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to investigate the topic of the efficient renovation of existing buildings through construction robotics management. The main questions addressed are: How can we increase labor working conditions around construction sites? Why has the productivity of the construction industry decreased? What construction tasks require automation most? What is needed to smoothly integrate single-task construction robots (STCRs) into the established workflows? How can we optimize processes? What management system is required for STCRs? To answer these questions, thorough research has been conducted, including all identifiable resources for the area or problem. In addition, the research has been strengthened by an expert survey to define the focus areas. Further, the analysis of current established solutions and processes resulted in the presentation of a centralized platform for managing STCRs, which has been developed as part of this research. In conclusion, the strategic implications of deploying STCRs through Visual User Experience (VUX), the low-code cloud-based platform, are discussed and reinforced with a business plan to bring the product idea to life
State of the Environment and Its Impacts on the Urban Agriculture of Edible Plants in the City of Lubumbashi
Get PDFThis research looked at the state of the environment in the areas where amaranth urban agriculture is practised in the municipality of Katuba, City of Lubumbashi, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Samples of water used for watering, the soil where urban agriculture is practised, and amaranths have been subjected to characterization analyses to look for chemical and microbiological pollutants. These analyses revealed that water and amaranths are polluted from the mineral and microbial standpoint, unlike soil samples. Indeed, water samples contained Paramecia, Entamoeba histolytica's eggs and colonies of faecal contamination germs, mesophilic flora, and other pathogen germs such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As for amaranth samples, their concentrations of cobalt were greater than the value set by the quality standards. The Paramecia, Entamoeba histolytica’s eggs, Escherichia coli, and Klesiella planticola contaminate them. For the above, consuming these amaranths poses health risks to the population. Public authorities must take the necessary measures to organize the practice of urban agriculture of edible plants to bring it up to standard and protect the consumers’ health