Scientific Annals of Economics and Business
Not a member yet
370 research outputs found
Sort by
What is Behind Extreme Negative Returns co-movement in the South Eastern European Stock Markets?
Get PDFThis paper examines co-movement of extreme returns in eight South Eastern European (SEE) stock markets during the period covering both the financial crisis from 2007-2009 and the COVID-19 health crisis. The analysis is based on coexceedances which represent the number of joint occurrences of extreme returns in a group of stock market indexes. To provide a valuable insight on how persistence, asset class, and volatility effects are related with the coexceedances, we utilize a multinomial logistic regression procedure. We find evidence in favour of the continuation hypothesis. However, the factors associated with the coexceedances differ between the SEE European Union (EU) members and the SEE EU accession countries. The EU members are more dependent on signals from major EU economies, while the accession countries are mainly impacted by regional signals. The implications of our analysis may help policy makers in understanding the nature of shock transmission in SEE stock markets.JEL Codes - C25; F36; G1
The Impact of Audit Characteristics on Corporate Tax Avoidance: The Moderating Role of Gender Diversity
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between audit characteristics and corporate tax avoidance and how board gender diversity (BGDs) moderates this relationship. Using a sample of 270 UK firms over the 2005-2017 period, we find that audit characteristics influence the corporate tax avoidance. Two of them (specialization and audit fees) had a negative effect; the other one (audit opinion, audit rotation) Have a positive effect on tax avoidance. We also find that BGDs moderates the effect of audit characteristics on corporate tax avoidance, except for audit opinion. The impact of the BGDs’ level increases as the presence of woman in the board escalated from 40 to 60 %, but then weakened at 10 % level. This study contributes to the existing literature and auditing practices by extending the auditing and tax literature on the examination of the moderating effect of board gender diversity on the relation between audit characteristics and corporate tax avoidance using the sensitivity analysis.JEL Codes - H26; M14; M
House Price Shock and Business Cycle: The French Case
Get PDFThis study examined the relationship between house prices and the business cycle. Specifically, we examined the effect of house price and stock price in the French business cycle. After presenting the transmission channels from house price to the business cycle, we analyzed the cyclical properties of house prices and compared them with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) cycle. The question arises: are fluctuations in economic activity more sensitive to a real estate price shock (property wealth effect) or a stock price shock (stock market wealth effect)? We collected the data over the 1980Q1-2015Q4 period and investigated the effects of house price and stock price shocks on French GDP by employing the Structural VAR model. We found the evidence that house price strongly affects the GDP cycle. Indeed, their response is significantly more important than the stock price, suggesting that the housing market might contribute to the persistent propagation of the shocks hitting the economic system. The study has important implications for both academia and policymakers and offers new insights into the French experience.JEL Codes - A10; B
COVID-19 and Stock Market Liquidity: An Analysis of Emerging and Developed Markets
Get PDFUsing a panel of indices for five developed market and five emerging markets for the period from 31 December 2019 to 19 June 2020, the relationship between stock market liquidity and COVID-19 pandemic is examined. The study is the first to interrogate nexus using three measures of liquidity, the percentage spread, market depth and Amihud’s (2002) ILLIQ measure. The pandemic is a global health condition with financial market implications, the results indicate that, stock market liquidity improved as we found a negative and significant relationship between illiquidity and COVID-19 across all the liquidity measures in all markets. However, improvements in stock market liquidity were more prevalent in developed markets relative to emerging markets. The results show that volatility negatively affected liquidity when illiquidity was measured by spread. Future research should focus on the impact of quantitative easing on stock markets liquidity during market turmoil.JEL Codes - G120; G150; G01
Do CDS Spreads and Inflation Move Together? The Experience of the Fragile Five Countries and the BRICS-T
Get PDFInternational investors wish to measure the sovereign risk premiums of the countries they want to invest in. Credit Default Swap Spread (CDS), which also shows the credit risks, is one of the important proxies that measure the country risk. Increased CDS spreads increase the cost of borrowing of countries and therefore the factors affecting the CDS spreads should be determined correctly. From this point of view, this study investigates the factors that have impacts on CDS spread ratios of BRICS-T and Fragile Five countries. According to panel regression results, exchange rate, inflation rate, unemployment rate and VIX positively affect CDS spreads. However, Industry Production Index, GDP growth and S&P 500 Index level negatively affect CDS spreads. These results are accurate both for BRICS-T and Fragile Five countries. We also find that Industry production index, GDP growth rate and unemployment rate are the significant determinants of inflation for both BRICS-T countries and Fragile Five countries.JEL Codes - F34; P24; H6
The Digitalization – Economic Growth Relationship in Developing Countries and the Role of Governance
Get PDFDigital technology is emerging as one of the suitable solutions to help developing economies catch up with advanced economies in the context of globalization. Progress in digital technology promotes economic growth in developing economies because it reduces transaction costs in economic activities and improves workers’ skills and knowledge. Meanwhile, governance is the primary cause of economic growth. Therefore, this study raises a research question of whether governance significantly contributes to the digitalization – economic growth relationship in developing countries or not. For the answer, the study uses the difference GMM Arellano-Bond estimators to empirically examine the effects of digitalization, governance, and their interaction on economic growth for a group of 35 developing countries from 2006 to 2019. Then, the study applies the FE-IV estimator to check the robustness of estimates. The results indicate that digitalization and governance boost economic growth while their interaction hinders it. Furthermore, trade openness also increases economic growth. These findings suggest some crucial policy implications that governments in developing countries should establish appropriate conditions to promote digital technology so that citizens can peacefully express their views on government policies and regulations, which contributes to the economic development of the country
Oil Price Shocks and Stock Markets in Oil Importing Countries: Evidence from Egypt, Morocco, and Jordan
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between Oil price Shocks and stock markets returns in Egypt, Morocco, and Jordan as oil-importing countries in the MENA region, over the period (2005-2018). Vector auto regressive regressions (VAR), Granger causality tests, and Impulse Response technique are employed to achieve the objectives of the study. Using weekly data, the results point to a causal relation flowing from oil prices to stock market returns in all the three countries under investigation although with different lags and different patterns of the response according to the impulse response function outcomes. These findings have important implications for academics, domestic and international investor, investment manager and policy makers.JEL Codes - Q41; E44; N1
The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth in 95 Developing and Emerging Countries
Get PDFThis paper examines the effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth in 95 developing and emerging countries during the period 2006-2018. It develops aggregate and disaggregate empirical analyses by decomposing the full sample according to income level and geographic distribution. Moreover, it controls for the role of institutions when assessing the effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth. The empirical study consists of estimating a growth model using the fixed effects, random effects and system GMM estimators. The findings show that entrepreneurial activity exerts a positive and robust effect on economic growth in the full sample. The highest impact is reported in Asia, followed by the Middle East and North Africa, Latin America and Caribbean countries, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, the impact of entrepreneurship on growth is higher in low-income economies than in high-income economies. Finally, the regulatory quality enhances the positive effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth.JEL Codes - L26; O43; O4
Advanced empirical research based on structural equation modeling (SEM) regarding the impact of tax revenue on GDP dynamics at EU-28 level
Get PDFThe main objective of this empirical study is to investigate the impact of tax revenue on GDP dynamics at EU-28 level based on structural equation modeling (SEM). We applied structural equation modeling (SEM) which represents a multivariate statistical analysis technique used especially for analyzing structural relationships between measured variables and latent structures. Selected taxes are the following: environmental taxes, indirect taxes, social contributions, taxes on capital, taxes on labour, taxes on property, and direct taxes. The sample period includes a long time horizon during 2005-2017 for each member states of EU-28. Our empirical findings revealed the level of taxation exhibits an increased influence on GDP dynamics in case of EU-28 member states.JEL Codes - C3; E62; O47; O5
Impact of motivations to buy and offer gifts in consumerism at Christmas
Get PDFThis article aims to analyze a conceptual model composed of the variables motivation to buy, motivation to offer gifts and compulsive consumerism at Christmas time. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a quantitative methodology based on a questionnaire survey was used. The sample consists of 1086 Portuguese individuals, over 18 years old. To evaluate the model, structural equation modeling with partial least squares was used. The results show that the motivations to buy and to offer gifts positively influence compulsive consumerism at Christmas time, and that the motivation to buy positively influences the motivation to offer gifts at Christmas time. The model also demonstrates that the motivation to offer gifts plays a mediating role in the relationship between the motivation to buy and compulsive consumerism. In Portugal there are no known studies on the motivations for offering gifts at Christmas. The present study can help academics, researchers and professionals (managers of consumer goods companies, commercial managers and advertising campaign managers) to better understand the motivations for buying and offering gifts, and the compulsive consumerism of the Portuguese population at Christmas time.JEL Codes - M20; M21; M3