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A multifaceted perspective on contractualization in the Municipality of Libmanan, Camarines Sur
Get PDFContractualization is one of the unsolved problems of the Philippines. Most employers are hiring employees on a fixed-term or short-term contractual basis, rather than as permanent employees. Since the Philippine labor law implements that a worker is entitled to regular employment status which is usually after continuous service, some employers hire workers for only five months to avoid granting them regular employment status. It is locally often referred as “Endo” or 5-5-5 employment. This study examined the impact of contractualization to employees in term of job security, employee rights and socio-economic equity. A descriptive- correlational research approach was utilized to carry out the study. Through surveys and face-to-face interviews with the 100 respondents, this study found that contractual employees profiles specifically age and field of employment has a significant impact to the job security of contractual employees. This study also reveals that work environment and social exclusion is impactful to the job security of employees. Additionally, benefits such as SSS, PhilHealth and Pag-IBIG are impactful to the employee rights of contractual employees. Lastly, gender and social equity is also impact to socio-economic equity among contractual employees. Thus, the TIYAK Program was developed, which aims to address the different factors impacting contractual employees regarding their job security, employee rights and socio-economic equity, providing tailored support in order to help them achieve secured and equitable employment
EFFECT OF LIQUID SMOKE APPLICATION INTERVAL ON PLANT BINTARO (Carbera manghas) AGAINST MUSHROOM GROWTH CAUSES OF DISEASE IN ANNUAL PLANT SEEDS
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to identify the most dominant pathogen fungi found in the seed, then to be able to analyze the level of effectiveness of bintaro plant liquid smoke, against plants affected by the pathogen fungus, and to analyze the time intervals of application of the liquid fume of binto plant that is most effective in controlling pathogen mushrooms in the sowing. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, and in the planting of PT. Adindo Jaya Borneo for 3 months starting in October - December 2023. The research was carried out using a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments which were repeated 6 times, namely: p0 = without liquid smoke treatment as control; p1 = sprayed with 50 ml/l of liquid smoke once every 1 week; p2 = sprayed with 50 ml/l of liquid smoke once every 2 weeks; and p3 = sprayed with 50 ml/l of liquid smoke once every 3 weeks. The research results show thatthe dominant disease-causing pathogenic fungus found in annual plant nurseries is the fungus Rhizoctonia sp. which causes leaf spot disease;Application of liquid smoke from Bintaro plants has a very significant effect on the intensity of attacks by Rhizoctonia sp leaf spot disease. Application of liquid smoke from bintaro plants is quite effective in suppressing the growth of leaf spot disease by the herbal medicine Rhizoctonia sp. in the nursery and sprayed with 50 ml/l of liquid smoke once every week (p1) resulted in the lowest intensity of leaf spot disease attacks by the fungus Rhizoctonia sp with an average of 31.21%, and with an efficacy level of 27.56%
The effect of goat manure and Fortune liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of leek (Allium porrum L.) Blaze F1 variety
Get PDFOne alternative that can be done to increase national agricultural production is to utilize dry land which has very extensive potential.However, due to low land productivity as a result of low fertility levels, fertilization efforts need to be carried out. The research aimed to determine the effect of goat manure and organic liquid fertilizer (POC) of Fortune and their interaction on the growth and yield of leek plants and to obtain the appropriate dose of goat manure and concentration of POC Fortune for leek plants. The research was carried out from January to March 2024 in Nehas Liah Bing Village, Muara Wahau District, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The research used a 3 x 3 factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was repeated 5 times. The first factor is the dose of goat manure fertilizer (K) consisting of 3 levels: without goat manure fertilizer (k0), 5 tons/ha equivalent to 125 g/polybag equivalents to 5 tons/ha (k1), and 250 g/polybag equivalent to 10 tons /ha (k2). The second factor is the concentration of POC Fortune (F) consisting of 3 levels: without POC Fortune (f0), 10 ml/l water (f1), and 20 ml/l water (f2). Research activities are as follows: preparation of planting media, preparation of leek seeds, treatment with goat manure 2 weeks before planting, planting, treatment with POC Fortune, plant maintenance, harvesting, and preparation of reports. The research results showed that (1) goat manure (K) treatment had a very significant effect on plant height 60 days after planting and plant wet weight. The highest wet plant weight was produced in the 250 g/polybag (k2) treatment, namely 117.00 g/plant, while the lowest was produced in the treatment without goat manure (k0), namely 77.67 g/plant; (2) POC Fortune treatment had a very significant effect on plant height 60 days after planting, root length, and plant fresh weight. The highest wet plant weight was produced in the 20 ml/l water (f2) treatment, namely 111 g/plant, while the lowest was produced in the treatment without POC Fortune (f0), namely 70 g/plant; (3) there is no interaction between goat manure treatment and POC Fortune (KxF) on all observation parameters
Manufacture of Bacterial Products from New Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Chicken Intestines
Get PDFThe present investigation was conducted within the Microbiology Laboratory in the Department of Food Science at the College of Agriculture, Basrah University. This work aims to produce a bacterial preparation using a collection of novel lactic acid bacteria species. These bacteria were obtained from the contents of the jejunum region in the small intestine of adult chickens that were in good condition. The production procedures involved the introduction of the novel bacterial strain into pasteurized skim milk. The substance underwent fermentation, followed by dehydration and pulverization, producing a bacterial formulation including a diverse assemblage of lactic acid bacteria strains. These strains exhibit synergistic behavior and possess resilience against gastrointestinal conditions. The investigation findings revealed that the bacterial product that was created had a minimum concentration of 16×109 (cfu/g) of lactic acid bacteria, demonstrating its capacity to endure the circumstances present in the digestive tract. The performed study in laying hens' storage revealed the efficacy of the bacterial preparation as a reliable and suitable product, which can be stored for at least two months from the manufacturing date without compromising its quality. The duration of growth may extend beyond six months when the storage temperature is maintained at 4°C
PERIPARTUM VERTICAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WOMEN WITH PRIOR ARV EXPOSURE AND ARV-NAÏVE WOMEN
Get PDFBackground: The prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV remains a public health challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to compare the rates of vertical transmission among HIV-positive pregnant women with prior antiretroviral (ARV) exposure and those who were ARV-naïve.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in four hospitals in Jos, Nigeria. A total of 131 HIV-positive pregnant women were recruited, categorized into an exposed group (prior ARV exposure) and an unexposed group (ARV-naïve). Data were collected on demographic characteristics, ARV regimen, maternal viral load and infant outcomes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was utilized to determine HIV status in infants. The data was analysed using SPSS version 17. Descriptive statistics was used; continuous variables were summarized with mean, while discrete variables were summarized with numbers and percentages.Results: The study found a maternal-to-child transmission rate of 3.23%, significantly lower than the national average. The exposed group exhibited a transmission rate of 1.6%, compared to 4.9% in the unexposed group. The majority of subjects in both groups were of low parity and below 30 years of age. Furthermore, 98.38% of subjects in the index pregnancy received combined triple ARV therapy.Conclusion: The findings underscore the effectiveness of HAART in reducing vertical transmission rates. While the study highlights the importance of ARV adherence, further research is necessary to address limitations related to sample size and population representation, ensuring broader applicability of the results. Enhanced access to PMTCT programs is essential for improving maternal and infant health outcomes in Nigeria
Training and Development and Harmonious Passion in Electricity Distribution Firms in South-South, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study establishes the relationship between training and development and harmonious passion in electricity distribution firms in South-South, Nigeria. Three hypotheses were formulated. A population size of 367 employees from electricity companies in South-South, Nigeria. The Taro Yamane (1968) formula was used in determining the sample size of 191 for the study with which were selected based on convenience sampling method. Therefore, 191 questionnaires were distributed to the managers and owners of these firms and tested with the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The result of the analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between training and development (on-the-job training, off-the-job training, and on-boarding) and harmonious passion of electricity distribution firms in South-South, Nigeria. Based on the result, the study therefore concluded that there is a significant relationship between training and development and harmonious passion in electricity distribution firms in South-South, Nigeria. I was recommended that; Electricity distribution firms should invest in robust on-the-job training programs. It is essential for companies to offer diverse and comprehensive off-the-job training opportunities. It is still crucial to optimize the on-boarding process
Teachers perceived effective school management as correlate of their school connectedness in secondary schools in Anambra State
Get PDFThe main purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between teachers' perceived effective school management and their connectedness in secondary schools in Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study, and three hypotheses were tested. The study employed a correlational survey design to determine teachers’ perceived effective school management and their school connectedness. It was conducted in Anambra State, which has six education zones and a total of 267 public secondary schools with 5,677 teachers. The sample of the study consisted of 320 teachers, selected from the population of 5,677. Two validated structured questionnaires were used to collect data for the study. The reliability of the instruments, using Cronbach's Alpha, was found to be 0.74 for TQSC and 0.85 for TQESM, indicating high consistency of the items in the instruments. Aggregate scores, Pearson correlation statistics, and a t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of teachers were connected to their schools. The findings also indicated that most teachers believed their school management was effective. Furthermore, the study revealed a very high positive relationship between teachers' school connectedness and their perceived effective school management. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended, among other things, that teachers should not only make learning meaningful for students but also foster a positive classroom culture
Teaching strategies adopted by teachers in rural areas to support language learning in the learners’ first additional language
Get PDFSouth African teachers are confronted with having to teach in a multilingual context which raises multiple challenges, for both teachers and learners. Hence second language learners are challenged by attempting to catch up with others, who are being taught in their home language. The aim of this study was to explore what teaching strategies teachers in the rural areas of South Africa adopt in their teaching to bridge the language divide across the curriculum when the LOLT (Language of Learning and Teaching) is not the learners’ home language.The study adopted a qualitative research approach and a phenomenological design. The sample comprised grade 4-6 teachers who were required to teach in a LOLT which was not the learners’ home language. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp messenger voice recordings, with five teachers from a rural school in the Eastern Cape. The interviews were transcribed, and the data were analysed thematically according to themes and subthemes.Teachers used a variety of strategies such as code switching and translanguaging to support learners, but indicated that despite the approaches they used, learners still tended to struggle to cope in the Intermediate Phase (grades 4-6) when they had to switch to a LOLT which was English, but not their mother tongue, isiXhosa. Based on the findings of the study it is imperative that teachers be exposed to more practical, focused approaches such as kinaesthetic learning, amongst others, so that learners could advance academically
Availability and perceived influence of e-learning on achievement of undergraduate computer science students in universities in Delta State
Get PDFThis study was titled availability and perceived influence of e-learning on achievement of undergraduate computer science students in universities in Delta State. Five research questions and four hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. Descriptive survey design was used. The population was 5,896 with sample size of 300. Simple random grouping was used to select from the 300 level students a total of 300 students that participated as respondents to the study. The random grouping method yielded 111, 93 and 96 computer science students from the sampled universities respectively. A researcher constructed test and questionnaire was developed and validated at a reliability coefficient of 0.86 and 0.82 respectively served as instruments. Data gathered from the field was analyzed using statistical tools such as: Mean, standard deviation for research questions. Items with mean weight of 2.50 and above were accepted while items with mean weight of 2.49 and below were rejected. Hypotheses were tested by the use of independent t-test at 0.05 level of significance. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 27 was used for the analysis. Meanwhile, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to answer research questions while T-test was used to test the hypotheses. The result of the study among others revealed that e-learning technologies have positive influence on computer education students' achievement