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Metatexuality, Matriarchy and Middle Class: An Ethnographic Reading of Nazir Ahmad’s Mirat-ul-Urus
Full text linkoai:ocm.pu.edu.pk:article/68ff08e132a96The following paper revisits Mirat-ul-Urus, translated as The Bride’s Mirror to uncover the ethnographic basis of the work. It argues, borrowing concepts from New Historicism, the text’s susceptibility to absorb ethnographic details of an Indian Muslim, middle class household living in colonial Delhi. By focusing on the constituent parts of the text, namely the translator’s note, the preface and the introduction, the paper establishes how native fiction from 19th century colonial India fraternizes with colonial ethnographic accounts, and records events, cultures, and minor histories of Muslim women. The text’s metatextuality, namely the text’s self-referential quality whereby the text comments on itself and offers a critical analysis, lends it a status of a historical/cultural document that sheds light on the emergence of middle class in the Muslim community.
اکیسویں صدی کے اردو افسانے پر تانیثیت کے اثرات
No full textThis paper explores the impact of the feminist movement on Urdu fiction in the 21st century. Through a literature review and analysis of feminist Urdu fiction, the paper examines the language and stylistic features of feminist literature, the reception of feminist literature in Urdu-speaking communities, the challenges faced by feminist Urdu writers in promoting feminist ideals and social change, and the engagement of feminist Urdu writers with other literary genres and forms. The findings of this paper reveal that feminist Urdu writers have used their fiction to challenge patriarchal norms and promote feminist ideals, including gender equality and women's empowerment. However, they have faced numerous challenges in doing so, including censorship and backlash from conservative groups. The paper also highlights the similarities and differences between feminist Urdu fiction and feminist literature in other languages and cultural contexts, and demonstrates the importance of feminist literature in promoting social change. Overall, this paper contributes to the broader conversation on the global feminist movement and the role of literature in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment
مقامیت کی شناخت: دیپک بُدکی کے ناولوں کا جائزہ
No full textLocalism refers to the representation of a specific region’s culture, language, traditions, and social elements in literature. Colonialism degraded "Native" and "Local," portraying European civilization as superior. However, in 21st-century novels, localism has emerged as a form of resistance. Mirza Athar Baig rediscovered localism in his novel "Ghulam Bagh," portraying Pakistani society, urban and rural life, and philosophical perspectives. Mustansar Hussain Tarar also emphasized localism in "Khas, Khashak Zamanay" and "Raakh"etc.In India, Deepak Budki is a key figure in “localism”. His novels"Apna Apna Sach" and "Azadi" vividly depict Kashmir’s culture, traditions, and history. His storytelling masterfully captures its landscapes, social life, and political backdrop.Budki’s works make localism a living element rather than just a setting. His depiction of Kashmir’s environment, people, and changing realities enhances realism, making his novels a significant contribution to Indian Urdu literature
یوسف ناظم کے سفر نامہ”امریکہ میری عینک سے“ میں طنز و مزاح
No full textEver since man came into this world, he has been in a state of journey. This journey strengthens his sense of observation. These observations and experiences compel man to write. Thus the genre of travelogue comes before us. Many writers in Urdu literature have also written travelogues. The first travelogue is called Ajaibaat Farang. After that, great writers of Urdu literature took up the pen and wrote travelogues. One of these great names is Yusuf Nazim, who wrote a travelogue titled “America meri ainak say”. It is said that if there is a touch of humor and satire in a piece of writing, the reader reads it with great interest. Yusuf Nazim has also created a sense of wonder in his travelogue through this humor. This combination of humor and satire makes this travelogue popular
ارزشِ ادبی ظهوری ترشیزی در گفتمان های نقدِ ادبی كلاسیك و معاصر
No full textNur ud-Din Muhammad Zuhuri, a distinguished Iranian poet and prose stylist of the early, 11th century AH, was a celebrated literary figure who emigrated from Iran. In his youth, he spent a brief period at the court of Shah Abbas of the Safavid dynasty, where he composed laudatory verses in the monarch's honor. However, he soon left for India, where he found patronage at the courts of Burhan Nizam Shah sani of Ahmadnagar and Ibrahim Adil Shah of Bijapur, composing panegyrics in their praise. Zuhuri was highly skilled in both prose and poetry. His Divan reflects all the hallmark features of the Sabk-e-Hindi (Indian style of poetry), that prevailed in his time, while his prose follows the nasr-e-masnu (ornate literary style). Through the creative use of literary devices and rhetorical embellishments - distinctive of the Indian aesthetic - he infused his works with color and elegance. Some poets and prose writers even imitated him. Consequently, literary critics, both past and contemporary, have lauded his contributions to Persian literature. This article explores the literary stature and enduring significance of Zuhuri Torshizi in the context of classical and contemporary Persian literary criticism
جذبات کی تاریخ : ایک نئی ادبی اور ثقافتی تشکیل (اُردو ادب کے تناظر میں)
No full textThe history of emotions is an emerging cultural theory that has recently provided a fresh lens to understand and explore historical, literary, and cultural studies. However, to date, there has been little practical application of this theory in Oriental languages, particularly Urdu. In contrast, contemporary Western literature has seen a continual emergence of its theoretical and practical dimensions. This article aims to present an introduction and practical framework for this theory, as well as its implications for Urdu literature. It is hoped that this work will not only familiarize readers with the "History of Emotions" within the context of Urdu language and literature but also serve as a catalyst for new academic inquiries inspired by this cultural theor
عروسِ عرفان کا اسلوبی وتجزیاتی مطالعہ
No full textAroos-e-Irfan is written by Qazi Mahmood Bahri; Qazi Mahmood Bahri (1042-1130) was a great Sufi, known poet and writer of the Sub-continent. He has very good knowledge in Arabic, Persian and Dakkni languages. Bahri’s Sufi affiliations were thoroughly Chishti. He studied under a certain Shah Bakar, who was his pir. Aroos-e-Irfan is a remarkable Persian text on Sufi view and teachings. Herein lies the significance of his long Dakkni poem man lagan, which the author later translated into Persian under the title “Aroos-e-Irfan”, resembling Sadi’s Gulistan in form, this work Consist of a series of short stories interspersed with impressive verses. The style and inspiration of Aroos-e-Irfan lyric poetry drew heavily from the tradition of Sufi lyricism as developed and made universally famous by earlier Persian prose. Aroos-e-Irfan is written simple style but has scholarly taste. This Article is a study on Sufi point of divine love, religious values and philosophy of human life
الذكاء الاصطناعي و اللغة العربية نحو حلول مبتكرة لإشكالات النحو والصرف الرقمي
No full textThe Arabic language is one of the oldest and richest languages in the world. However, the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the digitization of this language faces unique challenges, particularly in the fields of syntax and morphology. This study addresses the problems faced by AI applications in processing and analyzing Arabic syntax and morphology, focusing on the technical and linguistic challenges that hinder the full success of these applications
بین الاقوامی ناولوں کے اردو تراجم اور ہمارا ناول نگار
No full textThe comparison of the Urdu novel with the western novel started in the third and fourth decade of 20th century, but no critic wrote on this subject and said that if our novel does not meet the standards of the international novel, then, What are the reasons? The way the international novelist understood the subject and the attitude of the novel while writing a novel, He freed his Novel from the repression of history. In this article we have tried to know the reasons due to which our novelist is facing difficulties. In the 21st century, when the novel has become a global reality, our novelist will have to train the novel from historical texts, from the text, character and novel history. Otherwise, he will be suffering from incompleteness at the creative level. This article discusses them with problems and critically point to the issues that our novelist faces. In the post -modern era, while the novel is facing the challenge of survival, the Urdu novelist has to understand all the issues that make us a great novel. This article is a link in the same series
ناصر علی سرهندی در آیینه انتقاد
No full textNasir Ali Sirhindi is included among the famous Persian poets of Eleventh Hegira era. He belongs to the land of Sirhind (which is located in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent). He remained connected with the courts of some lords and ministers according to the custom of that age; and he wrote their eulogy. He was follower of saintly line of 'Naqshbandiya' and he took the oath of allegiance to Hazrat Masoom Sirhindi (R.A) on his land. He was buried in the neighbourhood of shrine of Sultan of Saints Hazrat Nizam-ud-din Owliya (R.A(.The published collected works of Nasir Ali consist of amatory verses, odes and quatrains. He also wrote verses comprising couplets. Some letters are also found of his prose artifacts. Nasir Ali flourished his poetry with the attributes of Subk-e-Hindi. e.g. subject applause, thoughtful, careful thinking and philosophical essays. He settled humanity, mysteries of Sufism, freedom of thought, philosophical point of view and the customs of this age especially anxiety as basic subject of his poetry. He also used terminology and proverbs for their description. This is why the critics of verse considered his poetry worthy for criticism. The great number of contemporaries of his era and the narrators after that era, appreciated and admired his verse. This article is written about the opinions of the narraters and the critics of the verse regarding the verse of Nasir Ali Sirhindi