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The effect of the contribution of microalgae in different proportions to the total ration mixture on in vitro gas production parameters
No full textSon yıllarda, mikroalglerin geniş alanlarda üretimi sağlanmış ve hayvan beslenmesinde kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Mikroalglerin içerdiği yüksek miktarda protein, lipit, karbonhidrat ve antioksidan kapasitesi, onları yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanmayı cazip hale getirmiştir. Çiftlik hayvanlarının sera gazı emisyonu ve metan salınımındaki payı büyüktür. Bu nedenle, ruminant hayvanlarda metanojeni azaltıcı etmenlerin kullanımı modern beslemede önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, toplam rasyon karışımına (TRK) %0,10 ve %0,20 oranlarında Chlorella vulgaris ve Spirulina maxima katkılarının in vitro gaz üretim parametreleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Mikroalg eklemeleri, özellikle %0,20 Spirulina kullanıldığında, gaz üretim parametrelerinde (GÜ6, GÜ12, GÜ24, GÜ48) önemli artışlar sağlamıştır. Spirulina %0,20 oranı, kontrol grubuna kıyasla gaz üretiminde en yüksek artışı göstermiştir. Spirulina %0,20 oranı, hem metabolik enerji (ME) hem de net enerji laktasyon (NEL) değerlerinde en yüksek artışları sağlamıştır. Spirulina %0,20 oranı, metan üretiminde en yüksek değeri göstermiştir. Bu artış, kontrol grubuna kıyasla belirgindir. Mikroalg eklemelerinin pH ve protozoa sayısı üzerinde belirgin bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Genel olarak, Spirulina'nın %0,20 oranında kullanımı, gaz üretim parametreleri ve enerji değerlerinde en yüksek olumlu etkiyi sağlamıştır. Sonuç olarak, mikroalglerin yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanımı, hem hayvan beslenmesini iyileştirebilir hem de çevresel sürdürülebilirliğe katkıda bulunabilir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, mikroalglerin hayvan beslenmesinde etkin bir bileşen olarak değerlendirilmesini desteklemektedir.In recent years, the large-scale production of microalgae has been achieved, and its use in animal nutrition has become widespread. The high content of protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and antioxidant capacity in microalgae makes them an attractive feed additive. The contribution of livestock to greenhouse gas emissions and methane release is significant. Therefore, the use of methanogenesis-reducing agents in ruminant animals has gained importance in modern feeding practices. This study examined the effects of adding Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina maxima at 0.10% and 0.20% ratios to the total mixed ration (TMR) on in vitro gas production parameters. Microalgae supplementation, particularly with 0.20% Spirulina, resulted in significant increases in gas production parameters (GP6, GP12, GP24, GP48). The 0.20% Spirulina ratio showed the highest increase in gas production compared to the control group. The 0.20% Spirulina ratio also achieved the highest increases in both metabolic energy (ME) and net energy for lactation (NEL) values. However, the 0.20% Spirulina ratio exhibited the highest value in methane production. This increase was notable compared to the control group. Microalgae supplementation did not have a significant impact on pH and protozoa count. Overall, the use of Spirulina at a 0.20% ratio provided the most positive effect on gas production parameters and energy values. As a result, the use of microalgae as a feed additive can improve animal nutrition and contribute to environmental sustainability. The findings of this study support the evaluation of microalgae as an effective component in animal nutrition
The Jihadi Salafism in the United States: Ahmad Musa Jibril’s Intellectual Identity and Global Jihad Discourse
No full textBu çalışma, Filistin asıllı Amerikalı Selefi vaiz Ahmet Musa Cibril’in düşünceleri ve cihada yaklaşımı çerçevesinde ABD'deki Cihadi Selefiliğin oluşumunu ele almaktadır. Selefilik, 1980'lerden itibaren hem İslam dünyasında hem Batı’da akademik tartışmaların merkezinde yer almıştır. ABD, cihadi selefiliğin tarihinde ayrıcalıklı bir konuma sahip olmuştur. Ancak ABD’de faaliyet gösteren cihadi selefi vaizlerin ideolojik oluşumları, derinlemesine incelenmemiş, detaylı bir biçimde araştırılmamıştır. Cibril’in ideolojisini ele alan detaylı bir çalışma da henüz ortaya çıkmış değildir. Bu çalışma, Cibril’in düşünsel hayatını, konuşmalarını, yazılarını ve bazı videolarını inceleyip yorumlayarak onun küresel cihad yaklaşımına ve cihad söyleminin oluşum sürecine ışık tutmayı ve bu alandaki boşluğu doldurmayı hedeflemektedir. 11 Eylül saldırıları sonrasında ABD'nin İslam dünyasındaki politikaları, Cihadi Selefi grupların meşruiyetini artırmış ve küresel cihad söylemine katkı sağlamıştır. Çalışma, Cibril’in ideolojik gelişimini ve küresel cihad yaklaşımını incelemekte, Suudi Sahve alimlerinin ve El-Kaide'ye yakın Selefi düşünürlerin Cibril üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Wiktorowicz'in Selefiliği pürist, politicos ve cihatçı olarak üç kategoriye ayıran tasnifi doğrultusunda Cibril'in cihad anlayışı yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel varsayımı, Suudi Selefiliğindeki radikalleşmenin, İslam dünyasındaki siyasi krizlerin ve ABD’nin politikalarının, Cibril’in Cihadi Selefiliğini şekillendirdiğidir. Bu analiz, doküman ve söylem analizine dayanarak yapılmış ve bu alandaki literatür eksikliğini gidermeyi hedeflemektedir.This study examines the development of Jihadi Salafism in the United States through the intellectual history and approach to jihad of Palestinian-American Salafi preacher Ahmad Musa Jibril. Since the 1980s, Salafism has been at the center of academic debates both in the Islamic world and the West. The United States holds a significant position in the history of Jihadi Salafism. However, the ideological development of Jihadi Salafi preachers operating in the U.S. has not been thoroughly examined or researched in depth. To date, no comprehensive study has focused on Jibril’s ideology. This research aims to fill that gap by analyzing Jibril’s intellectual life, speeches, writings, and certain videos to shed light on his approach to global jihad and the development of his jihadist rhetoric. Following the 9/11 attacks, U.S. policies in the Islamic world increased the legitimacy of Jihadi Salafi groups and contributed to the global jihadist narrative. This study investigates Jibril’s ideological development and approach to global jihad, analyzing the influence of Saudi Sahwa scholars and Salafi thinkers aligned with al-Qaeda on Jibril. Using Quintan Wiktorowicz’s classification of Salafism into three categories—purists, politicos, and jihadists—Jibril’s perspective on jihad is interpreted. The main assumption of this study is that the radicalization within Saudi Salafism, political crises in the Islamic world, and U.S. policies have shaped Jibril’s Jihadi Salafism. This analysis uses document and discourse analysis to address the gap in the literature
Weighted statistical rough convergence in normed spaces
No full textStatistical convergence is a significant generalisation of the traditional convergence of real or complex valued sequences. Over the years, it has been studied by many authors and found many applications in various problems. In this paper we introduce a new concept about statistical rough convergence for sequences in normed spaces by using weighted density, which is a generalisation of the natural density. We investigate the fundamental properties of g-statistical rough convergence and statistical rough limit points including closeness, convexity and boundedness. We also establish a relationship between statistical rough limit points and g-statistical boundedness. The obtained results provide a new framework for studying statistical rough convergence. © 2024 by Maejo University, San Sai, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand
Popülizmi Tanımlamak: Olguya Farklı Yaklaşımlara İlişkin bir Değerlendirme
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, okuyucuya literatürdeki farklı popülizm yaklaşımlarına ilişkin genel bilgi vermek ve bu yaklaşımlara dair kapsamlı bir tartışma ve karşılaştırma olanağı sunmaktır. Bu amaçla, bu çalışma karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle literatürdeki farklı ve en çok kullanılan popülizm yaklaşımlarının teorik bir incelemesini gerçekleştirmekte ve her birinin belirli bir popülizm vakasını açıklayabilme konusunda güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini tartışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda ifade edilmelidir ki her bir yaklaşımın yöntemsel avantajları olmakla birlikte, hiçbiri belli bir popülizm olgusunu bütün yönleriyle açıklayamamaktadır. Bu nedenle belli bir popülizm olgusunu açıklamada sabit bir yaklaşım benimsemekten ziyade, farklı yaklaşımların açıklayıcı niteliklerinden bir arada faydalanmak, kapsamlı analitik değerlendirme olanakları sunabilecek ve tek bir yaklaşıma odaklanarak incelenen olgunun farklı boyutlarını gözden kaçırma riskini azaltacaktır. Sonuç olarak popülizmi açıklamaya koyulan ve özellikle son yıllarda sıkça kullanılan yaklaşımlar kendi başlarına mükemmel olmaktan oldukça uzaktır. Bu sebeple olgular açıklanmaya çalışılırken eklektik bir yaklaşımı benimsemek popülizmin esnek doğasına uygun olacak, analiz edilen olgunun sadece belirli yönlerine odaklanmaktan ziyade, olgunun olabildiğince fazla boyutunu açıklama kapasitesini arttıracaktır
Comparison of the antibacterial effect of experimental primary tooth canal pastes containing octenidine dihydrochloride and calcium hydroxide: An in vitro study
No full textBackground: Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) has been used as a canal irrigation agent. However, no research has been done on its use as a primary root canal paste mixed with calcium hydroxide in primary teeth. Purpose: This study aims to determine the in vitro antibacterial effect of an experimental canal sealer prepared using OCT and calcium hydroxide (CaOH) on primary root canal pathogens and compare them to zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and iodoform paste (IP). Methods: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streprococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Enteroccus faecalis (E. faecalis) were used as microorganisms to determine their antibacterial effect. A disc diffusion test was applied to the strains of impregnated discs with canal sealer. The number of bacteria was standardized and incubated into the Mueller–Hinton growth medium. At the end of the incubation period, the inhibition zones around the discs were measured in millimeters and recorded. Results: When the diameters of the inhibition zones were compared, the experimental canal paste obtained by mixing OCT and CaOH at a ratio of 2:1 was found to have the highest antibacterial effect against S. aureus, S. mutans and E. faecalis, and the primary tooth canal paste containing iodoform, which is used routinely in clinical practice, had the lowest antibacterial effect. Conclusion: As a result of this study, the antibacterial effect of experimental canal sealer containing OCT–CaOH on S. mutans, S. aureus and E. faecalis was found to be considerably higher than the root canal sealer containing eugenol and iodoform. © 2024 Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi).Selcuk University, (18202025
Is it possible to predict morbidities in neonates born to mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura?: A retrospective cross-sectional study
No full textImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) comprises similar to 1% to 4% of thrombocytopenia cases during pregnancy. Factors predicting neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated morbidities due to maternal ITP are unclear. The present study aimed to assess the neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with ITP. Fifty-five pregnant women with ITP and their babies, born between January/2013 and April/2021, were retrospectively reviewed. Maternal and neonatal thrombocytopenia cases other than ITP were excluded from the study. Physical examination, blood count, and cranial/abdominal ultrasonography findings of the newborns were recorded. Neonatal thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count < 150 x 10(9)/L. Relationship between neonatal thrombocytopenia and maternal factors was investigated. Thrombocytopenia was detected in 17/55 babies (30.9%), and 8/17 (47.1%) had symptoms of bleeding, all but one being mild bleeding. There was a significant correlation between neonatal platelet counts of < 100 x 10(9)/L and maternal splenectomy history. Incidence of moderate and severe thrombocytopenia was higher (statistically insignificant) in neonates of mothers with ITP. No significant correlation was determined between maternal and neonatal platelet counts. There was a weak insignificant correlation between platelet counts of neonates of mothers with or without thrombocytopenia. A significant correlation was found between the presence of splenectomy before delivery in the mother and a platelet count of < 100 x 10(9)/L in the neonate. Moderate and severe thrombocytopenia was higher in neonates of mothers diagnosed with ITP before pregnancy and needed treatment during pregnancy and/or delivery, but the difference was insignificant. Close follow-up of babies born to mothers with ITP after birth is crucial since there is no significant prediction criterion for developing neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated morbidities
Türkiye’de Depremin Etkileri ile Mücadelede Yenilikçi Bir Yaklaşım: DASK Deprem Fonu Önerisi
No full textBir doğal afet türü olan depremler çağlar boyunca insanlığı etkileyen en önemli doğa olayı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Depremler neden oldukları hasarın büyüklüğüne ve can kayıplarına bağlı olarak devletleri sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan etkileme gücüne sahiptir. Depremlerin olumsuz etkilerin ortadan kaldırılmasında en önemli rol devlet otoritesine düşmektedir. 2023 yılında mey- dana gelen Kahramanmaraş depremleri, Türkiye’nin deprem konusunda önlem alması gereklili- ğini yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. Doğal Afet Sigortaları Kurumu (DASK) depremin maddi zararlarını karşılamak ve konut sahiplerine güvence sunmak amacıyla faaliyet gösteren bir si- gortacılık sistemidir. Bu çalışmada DASK’ın yeniden yapılandırılması, DASK’a bağlı bir deprem fonunun kurulması ve DASK’a deprem katkı payı eklemesi tartışılacaktır
Nexus between environmental innovation and ecological footprint in OECD countries: is there an environmental rebound effect?
No full textThis study empirically examines the effect of environmental innovation on ecological footprint using a panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) model for 33 OECD countries, over the period 1995-2019. The findings indicate that a rebound effect occurs when the level of environmental innovation surpasses the calculated threshold level (14.254%), suggesting that environmental innovations exert pressure on the environment. Existing empirical results point to a rebound effect, which refers to offsetting the gains from environmental innovation by channeling them into production and consumption
Evaluation of the relationship between the frequency of attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder symptoms and nutritional habits in children
No full textINTRODUCTION: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common chronic neurodevelopment disorder characterised by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity at levels that are not compatible with age. ADHD is one of the high social and individual costs for the population of the country. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between some sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition and sleep patterns, certain habits and various factors with ADHD in primary school children aged between 6 to 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the study, a total of 600 children's parents were asked to fill in the Conners Parent Rating Scale - Short Form (CPRS-48), which consists of 48 questions. The questions in the scale are answered by the parents on a four-point Likert scale. The responses were scored as 0, 1, 2 and 3 for 'never', 'rarely', 'often' and 'always', respectively. It was accepted that the children who scored at least 18 for the behaviour problem subscale, at least five for the learning problem subscale, at least six for the aggression, hyperactivity subscale, and at least seven for the defying subscale were considered to be in the problematic category. In order to determine the eating habits of the children included in the study, their parents filled out the food consumption frequency form. Foods in the form of food consumption frequency are divided into two groups as healthy and unhealthy foods. Individuals were given scores between 0 and 6 according to the frequency of food consumption. The healthy food group and unhealthy food group scores were collected separately. RESULTS: Of the children included in the study, 312 (52%) were male, with a mean age of 8.24±1.30 (range: 6 10) years. The mean CPRS-48 score was 23.88±19.71. The Cronbach's Alpha value of the CPRS-48 scale, which consists of 48 questions in total, was obtained as 0.957. The mean CPRS-48 score was significantly higher in boys (p = 0.014), in those whose mothers smoked during pregnancy (p = 0.008), those who did not receive breast feeding at birth or those who received less than 2 months (p = 0.035), those who frequently skipped meals (p < 0.001), those who do not have breakfast regularly (p = 0.002), those who spend more than four hours a day using a tablet/computer (p = 0.007), those who watch television more than 2 hours a day (p = 0.003), those who do not have regular sleep (p = 0.012), those who sleep less than 8t hours a night (p = 0.031), those who do not spend quality time with their families at least 2 days a week (p = 0.002) and those who do not have a hobby or sport that they were constantly interested in (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The finding of the present study show that CPRS score in children is associated with some factors such as mother's habits in pregnancy, behaviours in having meals, daily habits and regular sleep. Although eating habits are a risk factor for ADHD, when the right eating habits are acquired, they can reduce the risk or symptoms of ADHD. However, more extensive and valid studies should be conducted to better explain this issue
Analysis of Factors Affecting Corn Seed Preferences of Producers: Case of Sakarya Province, Turkey
No full textThis research was carried out in 8 districts representing approximately 91.92% of corn production in Sakarya province. In the sampling of the study, the formula developed for limited populations of the simple random sampling method was used. The main material of the research is the data obtained from the questionnaires made with 261 corn producers. Determining the factors affecting the corn seed preferences of the producers is extremely important in terms of establishing the targets of the corn breeders and the marketing strategies of the seed suppliers in the market. In order to measure the attitudes of corn producers towards corn seed preferences, factor analysis was conducted to test 88 judgments were gathered under more specific factors. It was determined that the producers in the Sogutlu district of Sakarya found the factors of consumption expectations 2.11 times more important and the factors of vegetative characteristics of the variety 10.5 times more important than the producers of other districts. According to the producers in Ferizli district, it was determined that vegetative characteristics were 16.2 times more important factors and expectations of consumption were 5.14 times more important factors compared to other district producers. The 29 propositions in the first grouping that named The Importance Level of the Producers to Corn Breeding, Education and Corn were collected in 9 different factor groups. The 21 propositions in the second grouping that named The Importance Level of Environmental and Vegetal Characteristics in Variety Preference were collected in 7 different factor groups. The 18 propositions in the third grouping that named The Importance Level of Expectations of the Manufacturers from the Product and the Firms were collected in 6 different factor groups. And the 20 propositions in the last grouping that named The Corn Seed Packaging Technical Specifications and Technical Information Content Significance Level were collected in 5 different factor groups. For manufacturers, to give a company's guarantee for seeds, to take care of producers after sales, to set up demonstrations in the target areas, to make inspections in field after planting, etc. issues are more important than to distribute promotions, to organize fairs travels and to use eye-catching packaging etc. issues