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Occupational stereotypes toward female education administrators and the strategies for coping with these stereotypes
No full textBu araştırmada kadın eğitim yöneticilere yönelik mesleki stereotipler ve bu stereotipler ile başa çıkma stratejilerini anlamaya odaklanılmıştır. Günümüzde kadınların çalışma alanlarında bulunması ve yöneticilik pozisyonlarında yer almaya başlaması; toplumda kadınlara karşı olan ön yargılar, kadın ve erkek rolleri ve sorumlulukları bağlamında yaşadığı zorlukları da gündeme getirmiştir. Kadın eğitim yöneticilerinin mesleki stereotipler ile başa çıkarken kullandıkları stratejilerde bu noktada önem kazanmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan fenomenolojik desen kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Devlet okullarında çalışan kadın eğitim yöneticileri ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak görüşmeler tamamlanmıştır ve bu görüşmelerden toplanan veriler, içerik analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada kadın eğitim yöneticilerinin stereotipler ile başa çıkmak için öz değerlendirme, profesyonel gelişim, mentorluk ilişkileri ve topluluk desteği gibi unsurları kullandıkları bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma, elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak, kadın eğitim yöneticilerinin mesleki yaşamlarındaki cinsiyet temelli zorluklarla başa çıkmalarını desteklemek amacıyla kurumsal düzeyde alınabilecek önlemlere yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: Eğitim Yönetimi, Kadın Eğitim Yöneticisi, StereotipThis research focused on understanding female education administrators' coping strategies with occupational stereotypes. Today, women are present in work places and starting to take part in managerial positions; it also brought to the difficulties they experienced in the context of gender inequality, prejudices against women in society, and the roles and responsibilities of men and women. The strategies used by female education administrators in dealing with occupational stereotypes have also gained importance at this point. The study was conducted using phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview form with female education administrators working in public schools and the data collected from these interviews were analyzed with the descriptive analysis method. In this research, the strategies used by female education administrators to cope with occupational stereotypes; expected outcomes may include self-evaluation, professional development, mentoring relationships, and community support. Based on the findings, the research can offer suggestions for measures that can be taken at the institutional level to support female education administrators to cope with gender-based difficulties in their professional lives
Mandrel-free fabrication of giant spring-index and stroke muscles for diverse applications
No full textMethods for making high-spring-index polymer fiber or yarn muscles have required expensive fabrication by wrapping around a mandrel, which limits their practical applications. We demonstrate an inexpensive mandrel-free method for making polymer muscles that can have a spring index of >50 and a contractile tensile stroke exceeding 97%. This method enables the spring index to be varied along a muscle's length by varying the plying twist, resulting in muscles that transition between homochiral and heterochiral when either heated or cooled. We demonstrate use of these polymer muscles for robots and environmentally driven comfort-adjusting jackets. This mandrel-free method was used to make high-spring-index carbon nanotube yarns for mechanical energy harvesters, self-powered strain sensors, and solvent-driven and electrochemically driven artificial muscles
Ten-Year Outcomes Following Revascularization Strategies for Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease
Get PDFObjective: There remain conflicting recommendations regarding revascularization strategies for patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD). This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of different revascularization strategies. Method: Patients with similar characteristics were categorized into three groups: immediate complete revascularization (ICR), staged complete revascularization (SCR), and non-complete revascularization (NCR). The SCR group was further divided based on the time interval between the index and staged procedures: SCR 24 hours. Cardiac composite outcomes included the total number of cardiac deaths and recurrent myocardial infarction during the follow-up period. Results: Out of 14,511 screened patients, 316 were included in the analysis. The results showed a significant difference in risk between SCR and ICR (hazard ratio [HR] (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.27 (0.15-0.47); P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between NCR and SCR (HR (95% CI): 1.06 (0.61-1.84); P = 0.832). The SCR group was divided into two groups based on the time interval from the first to the second procedure (time interval [TI] 24 hours in the SCR2 group). The frequency of cardiac composite outcomes was lower in SCR1 compared to SCR2 (16.7% vs. 47.1%; P = 0.038). Conclusion: Our findings support the use of ICR and SCR completed within 24 hours due to their favorable long-term outcomes in patients with MVD and NSTEMI
Use of Microalgae for the Removal of MPs as an Emerging Contaminant from Wastewaters
No full textMicroplastics are plastic particles with a size smaller than 5 mm. They have been identified in various environments, even in the human body. They are evaluated as emerging contaminants since they possess several health risks from DNA damage to inflammation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to remove them from environments and wastewaters. Microorganisms have been long used to remove contaminants from wastewaters. Bacteria, fungi, protists and algae were among those microorganisms to be involved in wastewater treatment. Microalgae are photosynthetic, aerobic, planktonic, freshwater or marine cyanobacteria which are easy to culture and maintain. They have been researched for their potential for wastewater treatment besides the other microorganisms. Recent studies also showed that microplastics were degraded by a well-known microalgae species Spirulina while giving severe damage to the algae. In this chapter, we evaluate the use of microalgae for the purpose of remediation of microplastics from wastewaters. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025
Micro/Nanoplastic Toxicity on Aquatic Life: Fate, Effect and Remediation Strategy Treatment: A Review on Possible Solution Scenarios for Bioremediation in Real Wastewater Treatment
No full textBiodiversity conservation, ecosystem, and public health are negatively triggered by plastics used in all areas of modern life. Micro and nano plastics, one of them, are widely occurring pollutants that have great interest. The increasing levels of micro-nano plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the ecosystem negatively affecting environmental health and living organisms globally because of undeniable prevalence in the air, soil and especially aquatic ecosystem. Microplastics, which have very slow decomposition rates, stay and accumulate for a long time in the environment where they can interact with organisms. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered point sources of micro-nano plastics released into the environment and the last line of defense that creates a barrier between microplastics and the environment. Although microbial species such as bacteria, algae, and fungi can break down plastic, they can not completely mineralize plastic due to various factors such as enzymatic mechanisms, substrates and co-substrates concentration, temperature, pH, and oxidative stress. Therefore, the underlying mechanism of micro-nano plastic formation and specifying the factors affecting their transport, distribution, and deterioration is very important. So far, no specific treatment technology has been developed to specifically remove MPs and NPs from wastewater and sludge, apart from existing conventional treatment techniques. So, the main purpose of this book chapter focusing on current evidence of microplastic accumulation in the aquatic environment and soil, we will emphasize the harmful effects, fate, and remediation processes of existing and potential microplastic types on living things to protect the environment and life on earth. Also, to fill the information gap, recent research innovations regarding the development of purification technologies targeting MPs and NPs will be discussed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025
Impact breaking energies and transition temperatures of construction steels produced from scrap
No full textConstruction steels must have many mechanical properties according to standards. One of these is suitable impact resistance feature. In the research, the impact transition temperatures of the construction steels produced from scrap in Türkiye as B500B-00, B500C-00, GR60T-01, GR60T-BR, GR60T-02 standards were determined in the range of +60/-30 °C temperatures. The microstructures of the samples were observed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction. Tensile and microhardness tests were performed on the samples. Fracture surfaces of samples were examined by using SEM. The Charpy fracture energies of five different quality construction steels were detected between 76 and 105 J at 60 °C and 14-22 J at -30 °C. Izod fracture energies were measured between 100 and 135 J at 60 °C and between 35 and 48 J at -30 °C. The impact transition temperatures of the samples were determined in the range of 35 °C to -5 °C. © 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Rituximab in ankylosing spondylitis: a promising option when other treatments are not viable
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Exploring the Association Between Serum Neurogranin, Nardilysin, and Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study Conducted in the Emergency Department
No full textBackground: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis in the emergency department (ED) is crucial for improving outcomes. Neurogranin (Ng), a postsynaptic protein involved in synaptic plasticity, and Nardilysin (NRDC), a metallopeptidase with neuronal functions, have been linked to various neurological disorders. This study examines their potential diagnostic and prognostic value in IS. Material/Methods: This prospective case-control study was carried out in a high-volume ED between June and October 2023. A total of 44 IS patients and 44 healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were included. Serum levels of Ng and NRDC were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses involved receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to assess diagnostic value and comparisons of biochemical parameters between groups. Results: Ng levels were significantly higher in IS patients compared to controls (281.12 +/- 32.12 pg/mL vs 265.71 +/- 24.54 pg/mL, P=0.01), with moderate diagnostic accuracy (area under curve=0.624). Elevated Ng levels were associated with intensive care unit admission (311.50 +/- 46.13 pg/mL, P=0.023). NRDC levels showed no significant differences between groups or clinical outcomes. Biochemical parameters, including elevated urea and creatinine and reduced hemoglobin levels, showed the systemic impacts of IS. Conclusions: Ng may have a limited role as a biomarker in IS diagnosis, while its potential prognostic value requires further validation. NRDC did not show significant utility in this study. Larger studies incorporating additional biomarkers are needed to determine whether Ng can provide clinical insights into IS diagnosis and prognosis
Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Biomass Gasification Gases
Get PDFPredicting biomass gasification gases is crucial for energy production and environmental monitoring but poses challenges due to complex relationships and variability. Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for optimizing and managing these processes. This study uses Bayesian optimization to tune parameters for various machine learning methods, including Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Elastic Net, Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Gradient-Boosting Regressor (GBR), K-nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT), aiming to identify the best model for predicting the compositions of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4 under different conditions. Performance was evaluated using the correlation coefficient (R), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Relative Absolute Error (RAE), and execution time, with comparisons visualized using a Taylor diagram. Hyperparameter optimization's significance was assessed via t-test effect size and Cohen's d. XGBoost outperformed other models, achieving high R values under optimal conditions (0.951 for CO, 0.954 for CO2, 0.981 for H2, and 0.933 for CH4) and maintaining robust performance under suboptimal conditions (0.889 for CO, 0.858 for CO2, 0.941 for H2, and 0.856 for CH4). In contrast, K-nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Elastic Net showed the poorest performance and stability. This study underscores the importance of hyperparameter optimization in enhancing model performance and demonstrates XGBoost's superior accuracy and robustness, providing a valuable framework for applying machine learning to energy management and environmental monitoring
Enhanced In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Anticancer Activity of Brazilian Propolis Extracted with L-Lactic Acid
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate whether L-lactic acid (LA), as a better solvent than ethanol (EtOH), enhances the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in red and green Brazilian propolis and to evaluate their potential anticancer effects in vitro. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion was performed by sequentially subjecting propolis extracts to buccal, gastric, and intestinal digestion phases, and samples were collected at each stage for analysis. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent with gallic acid as a standard. The total antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays. The phenolic compounds of propolis samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection analysis. The anticancer effects of propolis samples were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The results showed that the TPC and antioxidant activity were markedly higher in the gastric and intestinal digestive products of LA propolis extracts than in those of ethanolic extracts. Treatment with red propolis LA extracts (RP-LA) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the viability of lung and colon carcinoma cells. Specifically, treatment with 1,750 ppm of RP-LA decreased the survival rate of carcinoma cells by 85% to 90%, whereas treatment with ethanolic propolis extracts at the same concentration did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect on cell viability. These findings suggest that LA is a more effective solvent than EtOH for extracting bioactive compounds from propolis, enhancing its antioxidant and anticarcinogenic potential. © 2025 The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition