International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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INFLUENCE OF PLASTIC MULCHING AND FERTIGATION LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF GRAFTED BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.) UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION
Get PDFInvestigation were carried out to study the influence of plastic mulching andfertigation levels on growth and yield parameters of grafted brinjal under drip irrigationsystem. There were 27 treatments replicated thrice in a Strip Plot Design with three factorsviz., plastic mulching, irrigation levels and fertigation levels. The result revealed that,application of plastic mulching and fertigation treatments showed significantly increasedplant height, number of branches, fruit weight, number of fruits and yield
Nutritional, Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Sauce, Ketchup and Puree Available in Kashmir Valley, India
Get PDFThe main aim of the study was to compare the nutritional, physico- chemical, sensory and microbiological quality of twodifferent brands (Heinz and Hyacinths) of sauce, puree and ketchup available in local market of J&K. The results indicatedthat sauce, puree and ketchup of Heinz recorded maximum overall acceptability on 5 point hedonic scale. On the basis ofphysico- chemical analysis, it was observed that protein content of sauce, puree and ketchup for Heinz varied from 0.15%,0.23%, and 0.22% respectively and 0.09%, 0.13% and 0.11% for Hyacinths. Moisture, fiber, ash and carbohydrate contentof both brands varied significantly. Fat content of Heinz products ranges from 0.02%, 0.51% and 0.04% and for Hyacinthsproduct varied from 0.66%, 0.79% and 0.75% respectively. The Nutritional properties, vitamin C content, preservatives andmicrobiological quality were determined for all samples
Mechanical Harvesting of Wild Almond (Amygdales Scoparia) by a Pneumatic Branch Shaker
Get PDFAmygdales Scoparia, a species of wild almond native to the Middle East and South Asia is grown in calcic–rockymountains of Iran. The conventional method of harvesting this fruit is by hand. For mechanized harvesting, aportable and light weight pneumatic branch-shaker system was designed and fabricated. For determining the effectof amplitude and frequency of vibration on fruit detachment rate an experiment was conducted in Kherameh regionwhich is located in Fars province. The flow of pressurized air and electrical current necessary for operating thesystem are provided by a set of electric generator and an air compressor on a portable palette. For controlling thefrequency of vibration and changing the amplitude of oscillation, the shaker was equipped with a programmablelogic controller (PLC) and a pantograph system, respectively. The experiment was conducted by using a factorialdesign based on a completely randomized design with four replications. The effect of three levels of oscillationamplitude (2, 5 and 8 cm) and three levels of oscillation frequency (8, 12 and 16 Hz) on percent and rate of fruitdetachment was investigated during 5 second intervals. The results showed significant effect of frequency andamplitude of oscillation on the percentage of fruit detachment, while their interaction effect was not significant. Thecumulative graphs of fruit detachment rates showed that the maximum fruit detachment is obtained at all amplitudesand frequencies of oscillation during the first 5 seconds from the beginning of harvesting. Finally, the 5 cmamplitude and frequency of 16 Hz was suggested as the most suitable amplitude and frequency of oscillation with90% fruit detachment during 5 seconds oscillation. Comparing hand and mechanical harvesting showed theharvesting rates of 4.91 and 14.7 (tree/minute), respectively. 
Adoption of Bt Cotton Production Technologies by the Cotton Farmers of Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh
Get PDFThe study on Adoption of Bt cotton production technology in Vizianagaram district ofAndhra Pradesh was studied. The results revealed that there was significant difference among thesmall, medium and large groups of farmers in adoption of Bt cotton production technologies. Majorityof the respondents had medium level of adoption category followed by high and low. The results alsoindicated that majority of the respondents adopted the use of Bt cotton hybrids (100%) , top dressing ofN and K fertilsiers (75.56%) spray of urea/ potassium nitrate (66.67%).The least adoption was formaintenance of refuge crop (4.44%), stem application of monochrotophos (11.11%), topping ofbranches in cotton at 8- 12 sympodial braches stage(15.56%), keeping yellow sticky traps formanagement of white flies (17.78%), basal application of phosphate fertilizers (18.89%), and use of NAA(18.89%). 
Adoption of Low Cost Technologiesfor Improving the Productivity of Sugarcane and Farmers Income in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh
Get PDFSugarcane cultivation in Vizianagaram district is confined to rainfall dependent with littletankfed situation under low fertile red sandy loam soils. Out of 20,865 ha of sugarcane cultivation 60% ofarea is under complete rainfed cultivation. The productivity of sugarcane in Visakhapatnam district wasvery low as compared to other sugarcane growing districts in the state because of certain weatherconstraints viz., continuous moisture stress, prolonged dry spells and waterlogged conditions in rainyseason besides poor adoption of new technologies. Based on the constraints need based on-farmdemonstrations, skill demonstrations and training programmes were conducted by Acharya N.G. RangaAgricultural University extension wing, DAATT Centre, Vizianagaram on various agro-techniques whichwere effective and economical for sugarcane farmers of the district. The results revealed thatproductivity of sugarcane was increased to 29.4% by good agricultural practices in rainfed sugarcaneincluding set treatment in 1% lime solution+ trash mulching+ recommended dose of balanced fertilizers,18.1% increased cane yields by using drought resistant varieties under rainfed situations and 24.1%increase by whip smut disease management. Adopting paired row system of planting increased numberof millable canes which in turn increased the cane yield up to 14.7%, besides achieving additional incomeof Rs.10,583 through intercrop blackgram. The onfarm demonstrations indicated an increase in caneyield of sugarcane from existing 56.2 t ha-1to 79.8 t ha-1by adopting appropriate management practicesduly considering the climate conditions with efficient transfer of technology
Insecticidal Effect of Product Malyphos Chemical and the Thyme Natural Extract
Get PDFThe search for natural products with insecticidal properties has contributed to the discovery of new substances that haveimportant uses in agriculture. To check the essential oil of Thyme insecticidal action on aphids of watermelon, weperformed mortality tests for comparing the synthetic product Malyphos most used by farmers. To this reason, we treatedaphids parasitizing the culture of watermelon by doses of this product and this essential oil. During the summer-autumnwhen there are a large number of aphids and after a controlled time we calculate the mortality percentages of the parasiteover time and the dose of this product and of this oil. This study demonstrated the role of the natural extract in thelimitation of this parasite and their possible use as a natural insecticide with no side effects on human health and theenvironment. These results obtained in this study justify the use of this plant in the traditional medicine and give trackswhich could be more explored for the development of new powerful insecticides
Effect of Sewage Sludge on Phytoextraction of Heavy Metal by Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Get PDFA pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge on phytoextraction ofheavy metal by wheat. The treatment consisted of sewage sludge @ 10, 20, 40 & 80 t ha-1, keeping120:60:40 NPK as a standard application rate. It may be recommended that sewage sludge applicationof 4 t/ha was safe but application of 80 t ha-1sewage sludge increased heavy metals accumulation inplant parts. However, the values were within permissible limits. 
Possibility of Improvement in Sorghum Production: A Comparative Study of Technical Efficiency in India and Nigeria
Get PDFThis study analyzed and compared the technical efficiency of sorghum production in India andNigeria. Data were collected through a survey of 480 selected sorghum farmers; 240 from each country usingsimple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques simultaneously. The result of the stochasticfrontier production function analysis shows that the variance parameters, that is the sigma squared (δ2) andthe gamma (γ) were statistically significant at 1 % level each for both states of sorghum production. Thecoefficient of farm size, labour, fertilizer and chemicals were positive and significant for India while farmsize, labour and seed were positive and significant in Nigeria. Profit level can be increased in India byincreasing the amount of farm size, labour, fertilizer and chemicals and decreasing the use of seed whileProfit in sorghum production can be increased in Nigeria by increasing the amount of farm size, labour andseed and decreasing the use of fertilizer and chemical. Mean technical efficiency were 0.6774 and 0.775 forIndia and Nigeria respectively. Farmers operate at 32 %, and 22 %, for India and Nigeria respectively belowfrontier level due to variation in technical, efficiency respectively. The inefficiency model shows that thecoefficient of Age and Literacy Level was negative a priori sign and in consonance with the a prioriexpectation. It was concluded that the farmers in the Nigeria state are more efficient than the farmers inIndian state. 
INSECTICIDES INDUCED RESURGENCE OF SUCKING PESTS IN PADDY: A REVIEW
Get PDFInsecticide induced resurgence of sucking pest [planthoppers (brown Planthopper, Nillparvatalugens and white backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera & leafhoppers(Nephotettix virescens and N. nigropictus]in paddy crop reveals that the insecticides of organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamates and syntheticpyrethroids induced resurgence in hoppers. Insecticides of neonicotinoids, IGRs and botanicals are effective andfrequently used against hoppers management in paddy crop. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid is a key insecticideuniversally used for control of hoppers, but resurgence inducement is cropping up against neonicotinoidparticularly imidacloprid. Reports reveals that sublethal doses along with number of spray, spray schedule, sprayinterval and methods of spray effects frequent outbreaks/resurgence of hoppers population in paddy crop.Insecticides effects longevity, lifecycle, reproduction, sex ratio etc. of hoppers. Insecticidal application also effectsplant structure and its biochemical composition which in turn influences resurgence of hoppers
Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability Analyses for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Different Genotypes in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Get PDFThe present investigation Genotype x Environment interaction and Stability analysis study in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” wascarried out with forty one genotypes in RBD design with three replications at three locations viz. Rajendra Agricultural University at Pusa, TCA,Dholi, Muzaffarpur and KVK, Gaya during Rabi 2005-06 and 2006-07. Thirteen quantitative as well as qualitative traits were included in theinvestigation to estimate genetic variability, character association, direct and indirect effects, genetic divergence and G x E interaction along withstability parameters. The analysis of variance revealed considerable variability among the treatments for ten characters except number of primarybranches. Analysis of variance for stability pooled over environments exhibited significant differences among genotypes for all the charactersexcept insoluble protein. The linear component of environment and G x E interaction was found to be highly significant for number of primaryand secondary branches, number of pods per plant and grain yield, which might be responsible for high adaptation in Chickpea genotypes.Among the forty one genotypes in stability study, seven genotypes namely IPC 2003-55, SAKI 95-16, IPC 2003-57, ICCV 10, IPC 2003-10, IPC2003-66 and IPC 2003-68 appeared to be more adapted as they exhibited non significant deviation from regression, linear components (bi) valueless than unity and high mean for grain yields as compare to the population mean, indicating that, these genotypes may give similar response inpoor as well as good environments.