International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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HIGH-RISE BUILDING DESIGN INNOVATIONS
Get PDFHigh-rise buildings play a vital role in modern urban development by addressing space and population challenges. Recent innovations focus on sustainability, efficiency, and resilience. Smart materials, adaptive facades, and aerodynamic designs improve energy use, occupant comfort, and structural stability. Technologies like AI and computer modeling streamline design and construction processes. Renewable energy systems, green roofs, and vertical gardens reduce environmental impact and promote urban biodiversity. These advancements are transforming high-rises into eco-friendly and future-ready structures, helping cities tackle climate change and urbanization challenges
Performance of Off-season Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) under Agro Shade Net as influenced by Planting Dates and Nutrient Source
Get PDFOff-season cauliflower during summer months inside shade net offers great potential and fetches higherremuneration as compared to winter season crop. Summer King cultivar is gaining popularity among thefarmers during summer months but lack of standard planting time and indiscriminate chemical fertilizersresults in fluctuating yield and economic return. The present work was aimed to identify optimum plantingtime and proper nutrient source of summer season cauliflower to make production system economically viableand remunerative. Four different planting dates (1st May, 7th May, 14th May and 21st May) and four nutrientssources (100% recommended inorganic fertilizers plus 10 t/ha farmyard manure; 75% recommended inorganicfertilizers plus 10 t/ha farmyard manure plus biofertilizer; 75% recommended inorganic fertilizers plus 5 t/havermicompost plus biofertilizer and 75% recommended inorganic fertilizers plus 5 t/ha farmyard manure plus2.5 t/ha vermicompost plus biofertilizer) were laid out in two factor factorial RBD with three replicationsinside shade net house. The findings revealed that planting dates and nutrient source have significant effect onoff-season cauliflower production and 14th May planting was found best considering the plant grwoth, curdyield and quality. Again 75% recommended inorganic fertilizers along with vermicompost (5 t/ha) andbiofertilizer seedling inoculation emerged as best nutrient source for off-season cauliflower production. Thefinding established that 14th May planting coupled with 75% recommended inorganic fertilizers, vermicompost(5 t/ha) and biofertilizer seedling inoculation will bring desirable growth, yield and quality attributes of offseason cauliflower under agro shade net
Response of Rabi Maize and Intercrops on Yield and Economics in Northern Bihar
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at TCA farm, Dholi, a campus of RajendraAgricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur) Bihar during winter season 2003-04 to evaluate theProduction Potential and Economic Feasibility in Maize based cropping system. The experimentconsisted of 11 treatments was planted on 22.11.2003. The experiment was conducted in RBDdesign with 3 replications. Perusal of data of experiment conducted revealed that maize grown with1 row radish showed highest yield than when intercropped with potato, rajmash, pea and fababean.Where as in intercrops highest yield was found under maize+ 2 row radish. Maize intercroppedwith 2 rows of potato produced higher maize yield equivalent (113.32 q/ha). In terms of net incomethe highest net return was earned under maize + 2 rows of rajmash (Rs 31005.99/ha). However, itwas statistically at par with maize + 1 row rajmash (Rs.27941.1/ha), maize + 1 rows of potato (Rs2728.16/ha) and maize + 2 rows of potato (Rs.27216.45/ha). Net return per rupees of investmentobtained ranked in the order of maize + 1 rows rajmash (Rs 1.88) > maize + 2 rows of rajmash (Rs1.71) > maize + 1 row of potato (1.26). Minimum net return per rupees of investment (0.86) wasassociated with 2 rows of potato intercropped in between 2 rows of maize. Therefore, on the basis offield experimental results, it may be concluded that maize may be intercropped with potato andrajmash in 1:2 ratio for higher productivity. 
Differential in vitro Response of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Genotypes for Callogenesis
Get PDFSix genotypes of sugarcane namely BO147, BO146, BO110, CoP9301, BO130 and BO91 wereanalyzed for their in vitro responses. Scaly leaf culture of all the cultivars on the medium MS basal + 2, 4-D (3.0mgl-1) + 5% sucrose resulted in callogenesis including embryogenic callus. The highest frequency of callusformation was found in the cultivar, BO147 (94.4%) whereas lowest in the cultivar, CoP9301 (58.33%). Theexcellent growth of callus was observed in the cultivar, BO147, while poorest in the cultivar, CoP9301.Different colour of callus, greenish cream, brownish cream, whitish cream, brownish and creamish yellow wasobserved in the different cultivars. The highest frequency of cultures showing embryogenic callus formation wasfound in cultivar, BO147 (70.58) whereas the lowest in CoP9301 (28.57). Cytological study of the embryogeniccallus showed metabolically active meristemoid regions which may lead to organogenesis. A genotypicdifference for in vitro responses was found in the six selected cultivars with BO147 showing the best responseand CoP9301 the lowest. Thus, the sugarcane cultivars showed differential response under in vitro conditionssuggesting development of specific callus induction protocol for individual genotype
Varieties of sheep and their effects on blood lysozyme and complement activity
Get PDFUsing 432 blood samples from the following sheep breeds, we were able to assess the influence of breed onblood serum lysozyme and complement activities: There are a total of 96 sheep from the following breeds:White Maritsa, Patch-faced Maritsa, Stara Zagora, Pleven Blackhead, Milk crosses, Ile de France, TrakiaMerino, and Mouton Charollais. The livestock was raised on farms owned by individuals as well as by theAgricultural Institute in Stara Zagora and Karnobat. Ile de France sheep showed the greatest activity in thealternative route of complement activation (APCA) (p<0.01), whereas milk crosses raised at the AgriculturalInstitute - Stara Zagora had the lowest activity. In contrast, the amounts of blood lysozyme were found tobe lowest in White Maritsa and Ile de France sheep and greatest in milk crosses (p<0.01)
A Multi-Layered Graphical Password Authentication Scheme to Resist Visual Hacking
Get PDFPassword-based authentication is a popular way for ensuring computer application security and privacy. Nonetheless,the "weakest link" in the authentication process is believed to be user-chosen weak passwords and hazardous inputtechniques. People generally utilize mnemonic or brief passphrases instead of random alphanumeric characters.Because internet and mobile applications are widely available, users can access them from any location, at any time,using any device. While this simplicity is generally appreciated, it also increases the likelihood that credentials will becompromised through Visual Hacking. The assault tactics can include employing external recording equipment orwatching the victim personally in order to obtain their login information. In response to this issue, our team created agraphical password-based authentication mechanism to combat the threat of Visual Hacking. The system's securitymechanism is three-tiered, featuring password verification as well as colour and pattern matching features. This meansthat even with numerous camera-based hacking attempts, potential attackers would have a tough time determining orlimiting the password. In addition, we created and tested a system prototype to determine its usability. According to ourtrial results, our system can survive Visual Hacking better than previous authentication systems while maintaining ahigh level of security and usability. 
LEAF DISEASE IDENTIFICATION USING AN ATTENTION MECHANISM AND A LIGHTWEIGHT DEEP RESIDUAL NETWORK
Get PDFThe need for very accurate identification in the field of leaf disease detection is higher than ever before. This project presents SE-VRNet, a lightweight model developed specifically for the purpose of detecting leaf diseases on mobile devices. Its target audience is the agriculture industry, which heavily uses smartphones and tablets. Utilising state-of-the-art methods such as the deep variant residual network (VRNet) and an attention mechanism in the squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module, SE-VRNet extracts disease-related characteristics from leaf pictures with great skill, guaranteeing accurate diagnosis and classification of different leaf diseases.By accurately recognising diseases in leaf pictures, SE-VRNet overcomes obstacles such as scattered lesion sites and varying area widths. Lightweight models are crucial for mobile devices, and this experiment highlights the necessity of computing economy without sacrificing accuracy, which SE-VRNet does. The model's practicality and efficacy are emphasised, providing a hopeful answer for farmers regarding the prompt control of diseases and the preservation of crops.The team is aiming for a detection threshold of 0.85mPA or higher and is investigating other approaches like YoloV5 and YoloV8 to further improve performance. With a 99.80% training accuracy and a 96% test accuracy on self-generated data, the base paper's results with SE-VRNet provide a solid basis for this investigation into diverse deep learning models. These models promise improved efficiency in detecting leaf diseases and enhancing agricultural resilience
PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS FOR BIG MART SALES USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Get PDFHuge Marts and other grocery store chains now track sales data for everyindividual item in an effort to foresee future customer demand and improve supplymanagement. The data warehouse's data shop is a great place to find patterns andoutliers. Retailers like Huge Mart may utilise the collected data to project future salesvolumes using a variety of equipment-learning techniques. Xgboost, Linearregression, Polynomial regression, and Ridge regression were used to create apredictive version that outperformed previous designs in predicting sales for acompany like Large-Mar
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Irrigated Condition
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted during 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Agronomy Research Farm, CCSHAU Hisar to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on fertilizer use efficiency of wheat. Theexperiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and ten treatments. During boththe years, the significantly highest agronomical nitrogen use efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency ofnitrogen, utilization efficiency of nitrogen, economic nutrient use efficiency and nutrient removal ratio ofwheat were recorded with application of 100% RDN. Application of 25% RDN + 75% N through FYM wasnoted to have the significantly higher physiological nitrogen use efficiency and nutrient efficiency ratio,being at par with application of 25% RDN + 75% N through vermicompost. The highest nutrient incrementefficiency of nitrogen and lowest agro-physiological nitrogen use efficiency was observed with application of100% RDN + 25% N through vermicompost. 
Study of Genetic Diversity in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Get PDFThe data obtained for thirteen characters namely days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), number ofprimary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pod per plant, number of grain per pod, 100-seed weight(g), per cent infestation of pod borer, Score of wilt infestation, total protein (%), soluble protein (%) insoluble protein(%) and grain yield (Kg/ha) at three different locations viz. Dholi, Pusa (Samastipur) and Gaya for two consecutive yearsi.e. Rabi 2005-06 and 2006-07.High estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance were observed for yieldcontributing traits link number of secondary branches per plant, pods per plant and 100-seed weight indicating thepreponderance of additive gene action; suggesting that selection pressure may be exercised in early generation. Grainyield (Kg/ha) was found to be associated significantly and positively with number of primary branches per plant andnumber of pods per plant across the six environments along with its high positive direct effects indicating the true relationship of these traits with grain yield. On the basis of genetic divergence study most divergent parents for numberof primary branches per plant were IPC 2002-51, IPC 2000-33, IPC 2001-21, IPC 2003-37 and IPC 2002-71; fornumber of pods per plant were BG 362, BG 372, BG 256 and IPC 2003-51; for total protein were DCP 92-3, BG 2019, BG 256, IPC 2002-76 and IPC 2003-55 whereas for grain yield. IPC 2003-55, SAKI 9516, DCP 92-3 and IPC 2003-45were observed most suitable