International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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EFFECT OF NATURAL PERLITE AGGREGATE AND ITS POWDER ON PROPERTIES OF LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE
Full text linkLightweight concrete has gained significant attention in the construction industry due to its potential benefits in reducing the overall weight of structures, improving thermal insulation, and enhancing workability while maintaining sufficient strength for various applications. Among the various materials explored for producing lightweight concrete, natural perlite, a volcanic glass material with unique physical properties, has emerged as a promising alternative aggregate. Perlite is known for its low density, high porosity, and excellent thermal insulation properties, making it an ideal candidate for use in lightweight concrete formulations. This experimental study investigates the effects of both natural perlite aggregate and perlite powder on the properties of lightweight concrete, including its workability, compressive strength, density, thermal conductivity, and durability. The influence of perlite aggregate and perlite powder on the fresh and hardened properties of the concrete is examined through various tests, including slump, density, and compressive strength at different curing periods. One of the primary objectives of the research is to evaluate how the inclusion of natural perlite in concrete affects its compressive strength, which is a critical factor in determining the suitability of concrete for structural applications. Since perlite is a lightweight material, its use can potentially reduce the overall strength of concrete. However, the study hypothesizes that an optimal balance of perlite aggregate and perlite powder can improve the strength-to-weight ratio of the concrete, making it suitable for specific construction needs, such as non-load-bearing walls and insulating layers. Furthermore, lightweight concrete with perlite aggregates and powder offers a cost-effective solution for non-structural applications, providing a balance between strength, insulation, and durability. Studies highlight the role of perlite in lightweight concrete. One provides a broad analysis of its impact on concrete performance, while the other focuses on whether it is suitable for building strong and durable structures. From the tests conducted and from the study we have examined that the effects of natural perlite aggregate and perlite powder on lightweight concrete properties. Natural perlite aggregate and perlite powder reduces concrete density by 25–50%, The workability (slump) increased by 33.3% for 30% perlite replacement, mass loss after 100 cycles of freeze-thaw rises to 11% after 40% of perlite replacement, at 400°C Light weight concrete loses 12% strength, showing thermal vulnerability compared to M20 grade on concrete, also we have got that water absorption also increases significantly as perlite content increases at 40% of perlite water absorption increases to 10.5
STUDY ON EFFECTS OF NANO-SILICA ON PIPING BEHAVIOUR OF SOIL
Full text linkThe piping behavior of soil, which refers to the erosion of soil particles through voids due to seepage forces, is a critical factor in the stability and integrity of geotechnical structures such as dams, embankments, and levees. Piping can lead to catastrophic failure if left unchecked, making the understanding of its mechanisms and methods of mitigation vital for civil engineering. Recent advancements in soil stabilization techniques have led to the exploration of nanomaterials, including nano-silica, as a promising solution for enhancing the soil's resistance to piping. Nano-silica, a nanoparticle form of silicon dioxide, has been recognized for its superior properties, such as high surface area, reactivity, and the ability to improve the mechanical behavior of soils. The study begins with the preparation of soil samples, which are mixed with varying percentages of nano-silica. The soil types used in the experiments include cohesionless (sands) and cohesive soils (clays), as their susceptibility to piping may differ. Nano-silica is added to the soil in amounts ranging from 0.5% to 3% by weight, and the effects of its addition on the soil's physical properties, such as grain size distribution, plasticity index, and compaction characteristics, are first examined. The impact of nano-silica on the soil structure and microstructure is also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to visualize changes in particle bonding and pore structure. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate how nano-silica influences the piping behavior of soil under seepage conditions. To simulate real-world conditions, soil specimens are subjected to a constant hydraulic gradient, and the erosion resistance of the treated soil is measured by performing piping tests in a laboratory setting. These tests help to determine the critical hydraulic gradient at which erosion initiates and propagates through the soil, as well as the rate of soil loss during the test
INTEGRATED WASTE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Full text linkIntegrated Waste Resource Management (IWRM) is a comprehensive approach to managing waste by combining reduction, reuse, recycling, resource recovery, and safe disposal methods. With rapid urbanization, industrialization, and population growth, waste generation has reached critical levels globally, posing severe environmental, social, and economic challenges. IWRM focuses on minimizing waste generation at the source, improving segregation techniques, utilizing advanced treatment methods such as composting, anaerobic digestion, and waste-to-energy technologies, and promoting circular economy principles
CONCRETE DURABILITY ENHANCEMENTS
Full text linkConcrete is one of the most widely used construction materials, valued for its strength, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. However, its durability under extreme environmental conditions remains a significant concern, particularly in aggressive environments such as marine, freeze-thaw cycles, and high-temperature conditions. This paper explores various advanced techniques for enhancing the durability of concrete, focusing on the role of innovative methods such as cryogenic curing, self-healing materials, nanotechnology, and advanced admixtures
OFFSHORE WIND FARMS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
Full text linkOffshore wind farms are large-scale projects designed to harness wind energy over oceans and seas for sustainable electricity generation. These farms offer higher energy yields due to stronger and more consistent wind patterns compared to onshore locations. Civil engineering plays a pivotal role in their development, encompassing site selection, foundation design, turbine installation, and electrical infrastructure. Key components include wind turbines, subsea cables, offshore substations, and various foundation types such as monopiles, jacket foundations, and floating platforms. The project lifecycle involves feasibility studies, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and eventual decommissioning. Challenges such as harsh marine conditions, logistical complexities, and high initial costs are mitigated through innovations like corrosion-resistant materials, modular construction, and floating wind technology. With advancements in digital tools and larger turbines, offshore wind farms are poised to become a cornerstone of the global renewable energy transition, contributing significantly to decarbonization and energy security.Keywords: ,, ,, , , Foundation design, Floating platforms, Environmental impact, Energy transition
Assessment of Capacity in Retrofitted Residential Buildings for Transition to Commercial Use- research
Full text linkThis paper explores the integration of latest advanced materials and technologies with traditional retrofitting methods to optimize performance and cost-effectiveness. Case studies of retrofitted structures utilizing advanced techniques are analysed to assess their performance in real-world scenarios. Additionally, computational modelling and simulation techniques are utilized to predict the behaviour of retrofitted structures under seismic loading, providing valuable insights into their performance and durability. The paper also addresses challenges and considerations associated with the implementation of advanced retrofitting techniques, including material compatibility, construction logistics, and cost considerations. The importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between engineers, architects, and stakeholders is emphasized to ensure the successful implementation of retrofitting projects. This paper highlights the significance of employing advanced techniques such as Geopolymer and Glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) in retrofitting and strengthening existing structures to enhance their resilience against seismic loading. By leveraging these innovative technologies and methodologies, existing structures can be fortified to mitigate the impact of seismic events, safeguarding lives and preserving critical infrastructure
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON THE STRENGTH OF FOAMED CONCRETE BLOCKS
Full text linkFoamed concrete, also known as cellular concrete or aerated concrete, is an innovative construction material that is gaining significant attention in the building industry due to its lightweight nature, excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties, and cost-effectiveness. Foamed concrete is produced by introducing air bubbles into a cement-based mixture, resulting in a porous structure that reduces its overall density without compromising its strength and durability. This experimental analysis investigates the strength characteristics of foamed concrete blocks, focusing on key factors such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and the influence of various mix proportions on the material's performance. The study aims to determine the optimal mix design for achieving a balance between lightweight properties and sufficient strength, making foamed concrete blocks suitable for a wide range of applications, including non-load-bearing walls, partitions, and insulation panels.The first phase of the study involves the preparation of foamed concrete mixes using different proportions of cement, sand, water, and foam.The density of the foamed concrete blocks is varied by adjusting the water-to-cement ratio, the type and amount of foaming agent, and the curing conditions. The physical properties, such as density, water absorption, and shrinkage, are evaluated to determine how these factors influence the strength and durability of the foamed concrete blocks.The experimental results for foamed concrete blocks with a mix proportion of (1:2.5:0.40:0.05) have provided valuable insights into their structural and economic viability. The compressive strength of the foamed concrete is measured at 6.4 MPa, while the flexural strength is 2.5 MPa. When compared to conventional concrete, these values are relatively lower, as traditional concrete exhibits significantly higher compressive and flexural strength properties and foamed concrete blocks are econimical as compared to conventional concrete blocks However, despite this reduced strength, foamed concrete has several notable advantages that make it a practical and efficient alternative for various construction applications
MODEL-BASED CLOUD GENERATION: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR SECURING CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS
Full text linkOne major security risk in cloud computing settings is authorization. Its goal is to control user access to system resources. The implementation of security standards is difficult and error-prone due to the abundance of resources connected with REST APIs, which are common in cloud computing environments.In this research, we suggest an implementation of security cloud monitor to mitigate this issue. To express the functional and security requirements, we use a model-driven approach. Cloud monitors are then created using the models. Contracts that are used to automatically verify implementation are contained in the cloud monitors. We implement cloud monitor using the Django web framework, and we validate our solution using OpenStack
PEANUT CROP PEST DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING, CONVOLUTIONAL FUZZY LOGIC, AND EVITA
Full text linkImage recognition and classification have both benefited greatly from the fast development of Vision Transformer (ViT) techniques. Specifically for the purpose of identifying, segmenting, and classifying pests, this study presents an Enhanced Vision Transformer Architecture (EViTA). With EViTA, we want to increase the accuracy of pest image prediction by capitalising on ViT's advantages over CNNs. Among the preprocessing methods used in this approach are Moth Flame Optimisation (MFO) for normalising and flattening images, and a dual-layer transformer encoder for integrating pest picture segments of different sizes. The effectiveness of EViTA has been shown by extensive studies that used three insect datasets that impact peanut crops. The findings are encouraging. Research into supplementary methods, including as DenseNet, InceptionV3, and Xception TL models, also points to avenues for accuracy gains above 94%. Also, by using the Flask framework, it is possible to create an authentication-ready testing front end that is easy for users to navigate. EViTA introduces a new way of looking for pests, which might greatly improve farming and pest control. The potential for EViTA to perform better on pest detection tasks might be enhanced with further study and optimisation
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Musi River Water- Justification for Agricultural utilization
Full text linkThis study evaluates water quality in Hyderabad's Musi River (Himayathsagar to Nalgonda) using key parameters as per Indian Standards. While pH met irrigation norms, Electrical Conductivity showed moderate salinity. Alarmingly, Biological Oxygen Demand exceeded irrigation limits by 3-4 times and drinking standards by 150 times, indicating severe organic pollution from untreated waste. The findings highlight the river's unsuitability for agricultural or domestic use without treatment, necessitating urgent remediation measures to restore water quality and protect public health