International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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Influence of Different Sources of Manure on theBioChemical and Mineral Constituent on the Leaf of Host Plant of Antheraea mylitta Drury
Get PDFThe tropical silkworm Antheraea mylitta is commercially exploited for it immense economicimportance in sericulture industry, which feeds mainly on the leaf of Arjun, Asan and Sal andspin cocoon. The quality of silk depends upon the quality and quantity of the leaf they feed on.So, keeping this in mind the present study was carried out using two different organic manurei.e. Sheep and Poultry manure along with biofertilizer and inorganic manure. The differenttreatment showed significant improvement on the experimental plant. The moisture containedof the leaf ranged from 60.788-79.077%. While the crude protein ranged from 2.572-11.124%and total carbohydrate ranged from 38.489-158.307 mg g-1. The nutrient content of leaf i.e. N%ranged from 0.4177-1.8098% with highest in K10 (1.764%). The phosphorus per cent rangedfrom 0.0486-0.4611% with highest (0.45%) in K11 and the potassium per cent ranged from0.7435-1.8504% with highest in K9 (1.8%). The dry matter were found to be ranged from114.13-486.469 g/plant with highest in the leaf of K8(469.56g)
PROBLEMS IN SUPPLY CHAIN OF POMEGRANATE (Punica Granatum) IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTAN
Get PDFPomegranate plant has been grown since ancient times for its delicious fruits and as an ornamental gardenfor its red, orange or occasionally, creamy yellow flowers. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs tothe Punicaceae family. It is also known as the Chinese Apple or Carthage or Apple with many seeds.About 12 per cent of the total land in Afghanistan is arable and less than 6 per cent currently is cultivated.Agriculture is the backbone of the Afghan economy; according to the statistical book FY (2017-18) thecontribution agriculture to the country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 20.9 per cent while the laborforce engaged in this sector is around 60.8 per cent. The annual growth rate of pomegranate production inAfghanistan was predicted at 2.9 per cent (Fitrat, 2014). Pomegranate contribute of the total population ofAfghanistan was about (2) per cent to the total horticultural production in Afghanistan. The local varietiesgrown in the main production areas of Kandahar province are known for their high quality andproductivity. Different varieties of pomegranates are produced in Afghanistan and supplied to the localmarkets. Through the maturity time of the crop varies according to the climatic conditions, usually thefruit comes into the market during summer and continues into the fall season. The Agriculture sector isentirely run by private enterprise, including farmers, cooperatives, inputs suppliers, herders, agribusinessprocessors, and exporters. Kandahar province is recognized worldwide for its high quality pomegranateproduction especially the Kandahar varieties, which are highly preferred by national and internationalconsumers. Of the total land under pomegranate cultivation in the country, Kandahar share is about 36.7 per cent with 39.5 per cent of the total national production. But due to poor orchard managementpractices, careless production, widespread pest and diseases, lack of quality inputs and lack of technicaland financial support to the farmers both quality and quantity of pomegranate is badly affected andgradually decreasin
Early Possible Detection of Downy Mildew in Cucumis sativus’ through Hyperspectral Image Analysis
Get PDFHyperspectral Imaging has become an important method in monitoring vegetation and crops and producing information regarding onset of diseases. The availability of spectrometers in the market is not only costly but also requires standard-operating-procedures in using them. The use of Specim IQ, a handheld spectrometer with a wavelength-captivating-range of 400-1000 nm has been found to be optimistic in field-application with least complexity. In this paper, an early possible detection of downy mildew has been analysed through the difference in spectral distribution patterns through the reflectance-wavelength graph so that the well-advanced result may avert any significant damage over the visual eyes.  
A Study on Training Need of Wheat Growers Regarding Improved Production Technology in Jabalpur District of Madhya Pradesh
Get PDFThe study area most of the farmers are growing Wheat at the farm level due to its genetically advance which caused low cost of cultivation due to low use of chemical and realizing high yield and less losses by insect pest damage. For production of Wheat the agricultural practices required needs special package of practices to boost-up the productivity with low cost of production. Results reported that training need in adoption of improved wheat production technology. Highly training need in case of Improved variety (mean score 2.56) followed by Marketing (mean score 2.35), Plant protection (mean score 2.30), Application of herbicides uses (mean score 2.25), Insect –pest management (mean score 2.14), Storage (mean score 2.13), Use of affected equipment and machinery (mean score 2.12), Application of manure and fertilizers (mean score 2.11), Time of harvesting (mean score 1.96), Method of seed sowing (mean score 1.96) and Field preparation (mean score 1.80).Data reported overall training need in adoption of improved wheat production technology. Table show that majority of the respondents (45.00 percent) were need often training followed by 32.50 percent respondents were need always training and 22.50 percent respondents were need rarely training. 
Validation of Protein Biomarker Candidates for Diagnosis of HBV induced HCC
Get PDFHepatocellular carcinoma is a major contributor to the global cancer burden. It affects millions of people in Pakistan on a yearly basis. Furthermore, HCC is linked to viral infections Hepatitis B and C, which account for roughly 87 percent of HCC cases in Pakistan. HCC is identified using imaging techniques such as MRI, Ultrasound, and histology, which have radiation hazards and frequently need expensive healthcare systems that are less available in most of the developing countries. Novel HCC biomarkers are being developed as part of a large research project aimed at detecting the disease early. These include the creation of biomarkers based on HCC patients' transcriptome and proteomic profiles. Circulating proteins, which are easily detected in body fluids, including blood serum, may thus provide an opportunity for the development of HCC biomarkers. Blood-based serum biomarkers must be developed for easy, non-invasive, and early detection of HCC. In conjunction with imaging techniques, alphafetoprotein (AFP) has been used to detect HCC, although it has little clinical usefulness. Also, the reported AFP negative results make its utility meager. Multiple circulating proteins have been studied as biomarker possibilities for HCC diagnosis in recent years. In this study, Blood serum was used to validate three novel protein biomarker candidates to detect HBV induced HCC that had previously been predicted using a bioinformatics methodology. Proteins named C6, C8A and C8B were measured in the serum of 22 HCC patients infected with HBV in Pakistani population and compared to AFP levels using quantitative ELISA. C8A possesses considerable biomarker potential, with 95.45 percent specificity and 77.27% sensitivity with 0.933 Area Under the Curve (AUC), whereas C6 and C8B showed poor biomarker potential. Hence, C8A demonstrated great promise as a circulating blood-based protein biomarker for HBV induced HCC diagnosi
A Review on Homa Farming – A Vedic Touch to Modern Agriculture
Get PDFHoma farming is a Vedic discipline which denotes the method of annihilating harmful circumstances of environmental elements and refines the atmosphere by action of flame, outfitted with copper pyramid. Agnihotra is essential flame in Homa farming. It religiously associates living beings on this earth to control energy from space. It is practiced when all hope is gone and has proved to be beneficial in increasing yield of crop , reducing microbial pathogenicity , decontaminating soil and water, against pest and disease infestation. Homa farming is comprehensive method of healing of agriculture and can be used in conjunction with any good organic farming system as it is extremely inexpensive and can be performed by anybody but requires discipline and consistency. In course of time this knowledge has lost because the farming is becoming more modernized with invention of new technologies like GI , GPS , satellite imaging, moisture sensors. Farmers are approaching new methods and practices of farming and they completely relies on chemicals like pesticides, rodenticides, Fertilizers, herbicides to enhance his production. Then it becomes difficult for them to believe in traditional and Vedic type of agriculture as it purely organic in nature and only depends on healing effects of agnihotra. Nowadays this knowledge is being revived by many scientists to give individuals the guidance about how to address polluted conditions of planet. Many scientists have demonstrated the scientific validation of Homa farming methodologies and have conducted experiments to prove the beneficial effect of Homafarming. A famous Scientist named Abhang Pathade, has conducted many experiments to prove that this technique actually works and can be very effective in getting rid of major problems like environmental pollution , disease and pest attack on plants , less crop yield and soil infertility
Sustainable Agriculture: Impact of LEISA and HEIA
Get PDFThis paper observed the effect of low external input agricultural farming system on the efficiency of resource poor farmer. In India majority of farmers are small scale entrepreneurs whose farm actions are performed with low input agricultural technologies. Majority of the technologies contained the refined indigenous information system. Farm size, labour inputs, capital inputs, planting materials and organic manure are the most determinants of the gross income of LEISA farmers. High external input Agriculture (HEIA) are technologies that apply high external inputs such as inorganic or chemical fertilizers to extend nutrient reduction from the soil, pesticides to manage pests and diseases, herbicides to regulate weeds and irrigation facilities for water management within the farms. Farmers inclinations for low input system vary significantly provisional upon the phase of crop production which include technologies for land groundwork use of draught animals, natural/organic substitute for inorganic pesticides and fertilizers, seed growth technologies, simple irrigation and drainage method, low input processing. There is also a substantial interest among farmers for low input methods for most phases of production. There is therefore the need for farmers to adopt these cost active agricultural technologies since they are not only readily available, but also they do not require too much skills and also poses the capacity of making the process of rural development more sustainable.  
PITCHER IRRIGATION PRACTICES PERAMBALUR REGION IN TAMILNADU
Get PDFWater is the primary input for crop production and increasingly becomes scarce due to its high demand in agricultural sector. Quality of water is assuming great importance with the increasing demand in industries, agriculture and rise in standard of living. Agriculture is the major user (89%) of India’s water resources. Pitcher irrigation is an ancient and very effectual irrigation system employed in many arid and semiarid counties. Among traditional irrigation systems, pitcher irrigation is one among the foremost efficient and compatible for little farmers in many areas of the planet. Small pitchers are often used because they are less expensive than large ones. Water seeps out of a buried pitcher due to the pressure head gradient across the wall of the pitcher directly into the root zone of the irrigated crop. Pitcher irrigation entails burying an unglazed, porous clay pot with in soil before seedling. Water poured into pot seeps slowly into the soil, feeding the seedling's roots with a gentle supply of moisture. It also helps to improve soil physical properties particularly the structural status in soil and also enhances the water use efficiency of the crop, soil organic carbon and builds up soil fertility
ESTIMATION OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN WHEAT
Get PDFThe study used a half-diallel mating fashion to identify combining ability (GCA and SCA) and heterosis of six wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and their 15 F1 hybrids for morpho-physiological, yield, and yieldcontributing traits. The present study was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The studied characters are heading days, maturity days, chlorophyll content, Plant height, Effective tillers plant-1, Total tillers plant-1, Spikes plant-1, Spike length, Filled spikelets spike-1, Unfilled spikelets spike-1, Grains spike-1, Thousand grain weight, Grain yield plant-1, Biological yield plant-1, and Harvest index Highly significant differences were observed among genotypes (parents and F1 hybrids) for all characters studied. The results also showed that the mean squares due to general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were highly significant for all studied characters except harvest index, indicating the magnitude of both additive and non-additive gene effects in governing these traits. GCA/SCA ratios were greater than one for all characters except filled spikelets spike-1 and harvests index, indicating the dominance of additive gene effects, which play important roles in the inheritance of these characters. While the non-additive effect of the gene predominated in the inheritance of filled spikelets (spike-1) and harvests index, The parent BARI GOM-30 emerged as the best general combiner for total tillers plant-1, filled spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, thousandgrain weight, grain yield plant-1, and harvest index. Bari Gom-28 was the best general combiner for heading days and maturity days, and Sourav was the best for effective tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and biological yield plant-1. The cross BARI GOM-30 SOURAV was the best specific combiner for effective tillers plant-1, total tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and PRODIP SOURAV for filled spikelets spike-1. Bari GOM-33 Sourav emerged as the best specific combiner for grain yield plant-1 and Prodip Ayt-5 for grain spike-1. Concerning heterotic effects in comparison to the midparent, the F1 hybrid BARI GOM-28 BARI GOM-33 showed maximum significant positive heterosis for chlorophyll content and biological yield plant-1 and BARI GOM-33 SOURAV for effective tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and grain yield plant-1. These parents and cross combinations could be used for the breeding program of wheat for potential yield
KADAKNATH POULTRY FARMING – UPLIFT YOUR ECONOMY
Get PDFPoultry farming is a profit earning business with less expenses. Mainly the chickens are reared for meat and eggs. Kadaknath is a dual purpose breed used for meat and eggs. The kadaknath is resistant to many diseases and well adaptable to any environmental conditions. It is a black flesh fowl. The varieties of kadaknath are jet black, Pencilled and golden black kadaknath. The poultry shed for kadaknath can be established in minimum area of 2000 square feet. The poultry shed should be kept clean and disinfectant must be sprayed twice a month to prevent disease attack. Grinded rava, pre- starter, starter and vegetable wastes are fed to kadaknath chickens. After six months kadaknath hens starts laying eggs and lay 100-120 eggs per annum per hen. The eggs are incubated in automatic incubator upto 17 days and after the embryo developed eggs are then incubated in manual incubator. On 18 -19th day the eggs are hatched out. F1 OR B1, IBD, lazota and fowl pox vaccine are vaccinated to kadaknath chickens. Kadaknath meat and eggs contains vitamins, minerals, protein and amino acids and it has great importance in curing various medical problems like head ache, post-delivery problems, nervous disorder and asthma.