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Professor Muhammad Ilyas Barni (Late)
No full textProfessor Muhammad Ilyas Barni was a man of diverse disciplines and a believer and practitioner of Islam. He wrote vigorously about theology, Prophet Muhammad (SAWW), Mysticism as well as Economicsand Urdu Literature. His work is worth noting but literary circles know alittle about him. This article introduces his works and also maps his life sketch. This will help the readers to get an introduction of a forgottenscholar
Khalifa Abdul Hakim on the Doctrine of Free Will and Predestination, Good and Evil in Islam
No full textDr. Khalīfah Abdul Hakim, (1896- 1959) has done his utmost effort to present the values of Islam and its various doctrines in the garb of Philosophy. This article is a comprehensive enunciation of Dr. Khalīfah Abdul Hakim’s approach to the Doctrine of Free will and Predestination, Good and Evil in Islam. Khalīfah says that man is endowed with free will. If he were merely a part of nature which is determined by fixed laws, he would not be different from matter and plants. Furthermore, God is free and when he made him in His own image and breathed His own spirit into him, as the Qur’an teaches, He made him also free. But, freedom is a double- edged weapon. If the granting of free will to man is an act of a loving fosterer, then any evil that may result from it cannot be attributed to lack of goodness in the Creator. Man can revolt even against his Creator. He is not created with perverted instincts. The theory of original sin is absolutely incompatible with the teachings of Islam. So far as the theory of existence of evil in nature is concerned, Khalīfah has categorically repudiated it as there is no flaw in nature. It is only our desires that attributed good or evil to the happenings of nature. There is no natural evil but there certainly exists moral evil as a result of the gift of free will to man. However, there are two kinds of moral evil. First, the evil caused by man’s own acts. Second, the evil caused by the acts of others. The sufferings caused by man’s own acts are actually the result of his endowed free will. The sufferings caused by the acts of others are the source of man’s purification
Khair ul Bayan and the Case of first Urdu Book
No full textKalima tul Haqaiq by Burhan ud Din Jaanam is usually considered asthe first book of the Urdu prose. There has been much debate over its primacy but the controversy has been very much resolved. Khair ul Bayan by Bazid/ Bayazid Ansari was also considered as the first book in Urdu prose by some eminent scholars such as Dr Gayan Chand Jain and Farigh Bukhari. Khair ul Bayan was penned down around 1572 AD. Dr Jameel Jalibi also wrote about it in his history of literature. This article reviews the statements and the findings about Khair ul Bayan's importance and proves that Khair ul Bayan is not the first book in Urdu prose, as has been declared by Gyan Chand and Farigh Bukhari. This article aslo linguistically reviews a few lines in Urdu which have been written in Khair ul Bayan
Historiography of Dr. Tabassum Kashmiri and New Concepts of Literary History
No full textDr.Tabassum Kashmiri is renowned a scholar of Urdu literature. He is a poet, critic, researcher and literary historian. This article gives a meticulous analysis of Literary History of Urdu Literature written by him in the light of basic and vital principles of literary history and historiography. In this article we also discussed the multidimensional aspect of his history in the light of his vision, modern critical approach and his distinctive style. How and where this multidisciplinary study works? An attempt has been made to measure and encompass the depth and breadth of his literary history. This article also spotlights some singificant features of his writing
Javid Nama and Zindagi: A Comparative Analysis
No full textIn this article Javid Nama, The famous masnavi of Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Zindgi, a novel penned down by renowned author Ch. Afzal Haq has been compared critically. Interesting resemblances between both the books are explored in this comparative study. This study probes that Javid Nama and Zindgi not only resemble regarding subject matter and thought but also in the realm of time and space. For example the time of publication, place of publication, social and intellectual context of both book are same. Both the books despite generic differences have the same novelistic, dramatic and imaginative elements
Loss and Latency of Migration in Basti
No full textThe partition of the Indian subcontinent into India and Pakistan in 1947 was a crucial rupture in which the creation of boarders became the defining traumatic event of the history. This paper is invested in exploring the representation of 1947’s and 1971’s partition in Intizar Husain’s novel Basti through the psychoanalytic and theoretical paradigm of trauma extracted from Cathy Caruth’s Trauma: Explorations in Memory. It primarily focuses on the discursive representation of trauma as an ongoing process for the immigrants who migrated as a result of partition. In Basti the loss is elucidated, lightened and dignified by the return of memories and these memories become the source of creating space for that loss in the consciousness of the displaced person. Husain himself was an immigrant who first migrated from village Rupnagar to Vayaspur and then from Vayaspur to Lahore (Pakistan). Therefore, in his writing there is an amalgamation of his personal experiences with the experiences of his characters which develops a blur boundary between fiction and reality. Memory and nostalgia are two driving forces in his narrative. In this regard, he has accentuated the personal memoirs of the sufferers’ vis-à-vis the perpetual nostalgia of migration. I argue that the identity of an immigrant becomes vulnerable when it is subjected to the assimilation of the foreign land and its culture. I consider trauma as a conceptual lens to examine how the geographical reconstruction of borders leads to the reconstruction of individual as well as collective identity. The paramount impression of trauma is incorporated in the memory system. This paper pursues to find through the system of memory, how the progressive impacts of the past shape the present and offers us means to rethink future
Postmodern Reading of Urdu Novel "Chakiwara Mein Wisal"
No full textMuhammad Khalid Akhtar is a renowned Urdu novelist. He has written many novels. Novel Chakiwara mein Wisal counts in his best novels. In this novel the author tries to address many social issues most importantly he uses various postmodern techniques. This article presents the implementation of these postmodern techniques like Pastiche, Metafiction, Irony, Participation of author, Black Humor, Historiographic Metafiction and Intertextuality. In the light of these debates it can be said that this novel is an important postmodern novel of Urdu literature
The study of Nature in Sohrab Sepehri and Majeed Amjad's Poetry
No full textThese days we find a growing tendency of comparative studies inUrdu and Persian Literature; thus there are a number of poets in Urdu and Persian who can be subjected to comparative studies. Poetry of Sohrab Sepehri and Majeed Amjad has a lot in common, such as love for nature that can be seen in the poetic works of both the poets. If Sohrab Sepehri closely relates himself to the city of Kashan and it's natural landscape, Majeed Amjad too is fond of rural beauty. Both the poets have an unsurpassable affection for the nature and it's relative phenomena. Both the poets are fond of natural environment and show a certain degree of dislike for mechanical age. In this study we'll be discussing the importance of naturalism in the poetry of the said poets
Books of our Forefathers
No full textImperialism not only looted the material sources of Subcontinent, italso shifted the great treasures of knowledge to Europe. A great archive of traditional disciplines was transferred to Europe during the colonial period. This article explores some of these great sources of traditional knowledge. This article was written by Late Rana Nasurullah Ehsan Ilahi about the Arabic manuscripts at European libraries. Its 2nd part illuminates some of the coins of historical importance. Bazyyaft team has brought this article to its readers so that they may have a glimpse of their treasure available atWestern Libraries
Interfaith Harmony and Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
No full textMolana Zafar Ali Khan marked his presence in the political, social, literary, historical and cultural life of his age, which was indeed a difficult and sensitive era. He was an institute in his own personality and leader of a depressed community. Allama Shibli Naumani was proud of him as his student. Unity among Muslims was the main objective of his life. He was messenger of love, affection and religious tolerance and these concepts reveals from his newspaper "Zameendaar". The legacy developed through saints and their teachings in united India and religious tolerance taught by them could be seen in prose and poetry of Molana Zafar Ali Khan. My article is an attempt to search the aforesaid concepts of Interfaith tolerance, peace and also to describe Molana's love and respect for Isla