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Physicochemical Parameters of Honey Originated from Hives with Different Level of Infestation with Nosema ceranae
No full textIn recent decades, bee colonies have been disappearing all overthe world. Due to the importance of bees in pollination ofnumerous agricultural and wild plant species, the decline in thenumber of bee colonies worldwide is causing increasing concernamong beekeepers, the scientific community and the generalpublic. One of the reasons for the disappearance of bees arediseases like nosemosis, caused by the microsporidia Nosemaceranae. In this study, we analyzed honey samples originatingfrom hives with different infestations of N. ceranae in order toobtain information about the quality of honey originating frombee colonies exposed to biotic stress. Physicochemical parametersof honey (specific optical rotation, electrical conductivity,moisture content and free acidity) were determined to obtainadditional characteristics of honey samples. Principal componentanalysis (PCA) was used to determine differences between honeysamples originating from the hives with different infestationlevels. The obtained results showed that in hives with theincrease of infestation, the water content increased in honeysamples, while the free acidity, the absolute value of the specificoptical rotation, and the electrical conductivity decreased. Thephysicochemical parameters were determined as a part ofcharacterization of honey samples, revealing their potentialutility in distinguishing between bee colonies with varying levelsof N. ceranae infestation
Преглед угрожених врста риба у фауни Србије - Alosa immaculata (црноморска харинга)
No full textNa globalnom nivou, crnomorska haringa smatra se ranjivom vrstom
(VU) prema kriterijumima B2ab(v) (Freyhof & Kottelat, 2008c;
Freyhof, 2010a). U Srbiji, crnomorska haringa predstavlja kritično
ugroženu vrstu (CR) zbog uočenog/procenjenog opadanja i ekstremnih
fluktuacija površine naseljavanja (AOO iznosi 20 km2), kvaliteta
staništa, broja naseljenih lokaliteta i broja odraslih jedinki – kriterijumi
B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)c(i,ii,iii,iv). Obim rasprostranjenja (EOO) u
Srbiji iznosi 4.679 km2
Quality Optimization and Evaluation of New Cookie Product with Celery Root Powder Addition
No full textCombined drying, an energy-efficient method that includes osmotic pretreatment in molasses and shortened successive lyophilization, was used to obtain celery root powder and incorporate it in the formulation of cookies, with the aim of obtaining a new product. Wheat flour was substituted with combinedly dehydrated celery root powder at levels from 0 to 30%, and optimization of the amount of wheat flour substitution regarding technological, sensory and nutritive characteristics was performed. The optimal level of 20% substitution was determined using Z-score analysis, from the aspect of the best nutritive improvement and the mildest adverse impact on the technological and sensory quality. In the second research phase, comparison of the cookies with the 20% celery root powder substitution, dehydrated by different methods, indicated that combined dehydration showed upgraded results in terms of the overall quality of the final product, for 28.85 percentile points higher than cookies with lyophilized and for 65.24 percentile points higher than cookies with the addition of convectively dried celery root powder. The cookie containing celery powder previously osmodehydrated in molasses had higher contents of analyzed minerals (1.2–3.3 times), total phenols (10.8%) and antioxidant activities (14% for DPPH and 4% for ABTS) compared to the cookie with lyophilized powder
Chondrostoma vardarense
No full textNa globalnom nivou, vardarski skobalj ima status gotovo ugrožene vrste (NT). U Srbiji, vardarski skobalj ima status ugrožene vrste (EN), kako zbog veličine obima rasprostranjenja (EOO = 399 km²), tako i zbog male površine naseljavanja (AOO = 4 km²). Osim toga, ustanovljen je i mali broj lokaliteta (≤5) na kojima se vrsta javlja, kontinuirano smanjivanje obima rasprostranjenja i površine naseljavanja, kao i opadanje kvaliteta staništa – kriterijumi B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii). Vardarski skobalj nastanjuje sliv Egejskog mora, od reke Marice do reke Penej, na području Turske, Bugarske, Grčke i Severne Makedonije, kao i sliv Jadranskog mora, gde je zabeležen u reci Vojuši. U Srbiji postoje zabeleženi nalazi u reci Pčinji.At the global level, the Vardar nase is classified as Near Threatened (NT). In Serbia, it is considered an Endangered species (EN), due to both the limited extent of occurrence (EOO = 399 km²) and the very small area of occupancy (AOO = 4 km²). In addition, the species is found at a limited number of locations (≤5), with ongoing declines in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and habitat quality – in accordance with criteria B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii).
The Vardar nase inhabits the Aegean Sea drainage, ranging from the Maritsa River to the Pineios River, across Turkey, Bulgaria, Greece, and North Macedonia, as well as the Adriatic Sea drainage, where it has been recorded in the Vjosa River. In Serbia, it has been documented in the Pčinja River
Selection of the optimal lettuce cultivar to agronomic traits in summer production using multicriteria decision-making MABAC method
No full textFive lettuce cultivars ('Kiribati', 'Tourbillon', 'Carmesi', 'Lianabel', and 'Biondonna') were grown
in the open-field experiment during the summer of 2018. The aim was to find the optimal summer
lettuce cultivar according to morphological and production parameters, suitable for the fresh
market and food industry processing by applying the MABAC (Multi-Attributive Border
Approximation Area Comparison) method. The correlation analysis was carried out to reduce the
number of criteria that have high coefficient values and a double influence on the ranking results.
The study involved five alternatives (cultivars) and five different criteria regarding morphological
parameters (rosette height, rosette diameter, rosette fresh weight, number of leaves, and stem
height). Weight coefficients were determined using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method
while the stability of the obtained ranking list was determined by applying sensitive analysis
through six scenarios. According to the selected criteria, the obtained results showed that the green cultivar 'Tourbillon' has the best results, while the least favorable results were obtained by the red cultivar 'Carmesi'. Furthermore, this study tends to facilitate cultivar selection by farmers to avoid economic losses and sustain the required quantity and quality standard demands for the fresh product and food industry market
HOW DOES PLASTIC POLLUTION AFFECT SOIL QUALITY IN PLASTICULTURE?
No full textGrowing crops in plastic greenhouses and mulching with plastics is one of the largest sources of
microplastics in the environment around the world and especially in Serbia. Plastic waste is known for its stability and recalcitrance in the environment, so it is generally assumed that standard plastic waste is not degradable. The determination of microplastics in soil is a major challenge due to the complexity of the soil matrix. The aim of the study was to show the effects of plastic particles on the chemical, physical and biological properties of arable soils. Alluvial soils from three major river basins (Danube, Morava and Sava) in Serbia, which are most affected by seasonal flooding, were selected. Soils from MP-polluted (plasticulture) and non-polluted (open field) sites, located next to each other, were sampled in 2022 from two depths 0-15 and 15-30 cm. Preliminary results showed that the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil were significantly affected by the presence of plastics. Plastic contamination in the soil environment has an impact on organic matter cycling, global carbon dioxide production, plant production, soil properties, water quality, etc. It is time to raise awareness that the pollution of our environment with plastic waste can lead to serious disruptions of the ecosystem and its ability to fulfil its functions, such as the production of sufficient
and high-quality quantities of foodThe Book of Abstracts se nalazi na linku: https://centennialiuss2024.org
The application of artificial intelligence in the context of the educational system in Serbia, with a special focus on religious education
No full textPrisutnost i sve veći uticaj veštačke inteligencije (VI) u savremenom društvu i njen već potvrđeni potencijal da transformiše obrazovnu praksu, iziskuju temeljno i sistematično proučavanje implikacija njenog korišćenja u celokupnom obrazovnom sistemu, kao i u kontekstu pojedinih školskih predmeta i programa. Ovaj rad obuhvata teorijski i empirijski okvir za analizu pozitivnih i negativnih aspekata integracije VI u obrazovanje, sa posebnim fokusom na Versku nastavu. U teorijskom segmentu analiziraju se mogućnosti i izazovi VI u kontekstu savremene nastave, dok je empirijski deo istraživanja fokusiran na analizu aspekata primene VI u organizovanju nastavnog procesa za izborni program Verska nastava. Putem identifikovanja prednosti i izazova u primeni ove tehnologije, detaljno se razmatraju mogućnosti VI kao pomoćnog sredstva za pripremu časa Verske nastave u osnovnoj školi. U tom cilju upoređeni su odgovori generisani aplikacijom ChatGPT sa iskustvom predmetnog nastavnika u pogledu pripreme za čas, pri čemu je pored preklapanja sadržaja utvrđeno i odstupanje u kvalitetu pojedinih generisanih odgovora. Kroz kritički osvrt na trenutno stanje u korišćenju VI u obrazovanju, rad pruža opštu procenu aktuelnog stanja, prepoznajući važnost daljeg razvoja i prilagođavanja pedagoških praksi mogućnostima VI.The presence and increasing influence of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern society and its already acknowledged potential for transforming educational practice demand a thorough and systematic study of the implications of its use in the entire educational system, aa well as in the context of certain school subjects and curricula. This paper covers the theoretical and empirical frameworks for analyzing positive and negative aspects of AI integration into education, with a special focus on religious education. In the theoretical segment, AI possibilities and challenges are analyzed in the context of today's teaching process, while the empirical part of the research is focused on analyzing the aspects of AI application in the organization of the teaching process for the optional subject Religious Education. By identifying advantages and challenges in the application of this technology, AI possibilities are considered in detail as an auxiliary instrument for preparing Religious Education lessons in the primary school. For that purpose, the answers generated by ChatGPT application were compared with the subject teacher's experience about the lesson preparation, whereas apart from content overlapping, deviation was also observed in the quality of certain generated answers. Through a critical review of the current situation in AI use in education, this paper offers a general estimate of the current situation, recognizing the importance of further development and adaptation of pedagogical practices to AI possibilities
Early, late and out-breeding season bird singing effects of climate change?
No full textThe present study provides data on early, late and out-breeding season bird singing of the following songbird species: Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula), Eurasian Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) and Cirl Bunting (Emberiza cirlus). Untimely species' song was noted in the period 2013 2023 (one decade) at the total of 10 sites in Serbia. Also field notes on some other songbird species singing are given in the present study
The Use of Plant-based Drugs against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in Beekeping – Current and Future Perspectives
No full textModern beekeeping is confronted with various challenges that endangers its profitability and sustainability. Within this context, Varroa destructor is considered an urgent problem and one of the most destructive pests of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). This ectoparasitic mite causes various negative effects both on adults (high mortality and significant losses of the bee population, crawling and crippled bees with deformed wings and abnormal brood pattern) and on earlier developmental stages of bees (low weight larvae that sinks to the bottom or side of the cell, loss of hemolymph). In addition, this mite serves as a vector of various pathogens, including Deformed wing virus (DWV) and Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV-1). Chemical pesticides (e.g., synthetic pyretroids, Coumaphos, Amitraz) represent the conventional treatment methods. However, the Varroa mite rapidly develops resistance to most of these agents and they also pose a public concern due to residues in bee products (honey and wax) and the environment, which can indirectly affect human and animal health and biodiversity. Due to their toxicological effects, some of them are already banned. For this reason, modern control of Varroa destructor involves the application of several strategies that include the rational use of conventional pesticides, mechanical control, mite-tolerant populations and biopesticides in the form of an integrated approach. As a source of natural and biodegradable ingredients, botanical products represent a more sustainable approach from a residue perspective. Their use is also most likely related to a lower susceptibility to the development of resistance, especially when used as blends. For this reason, some botanical drugs are already approved and used in different countries for the treatment of varroosis, showing a promising effect. The present work aims to summarize these data, and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages as well as the future perspective for the use of such products
Aliens among us: invasive alien fish as bioindicator organisms and food source
No full textDespite all efforts and initiatives, the loss of biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems is progressing dramatically. After habitat destruction, invasive alien fish (IAF) are a second cause of biodiversity loss in freshwaters. The black bullhead Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque, 1820) is a fish species native to North America that was first detected in Serbia in 2005 and has become ubiquitous in the environment. Its use as a bioindicator organism as well as its breeding in aquaculture should be considered in the context of IAF management. This study was conducted at Lake Markovačko, which is exposed to agricultural activities, to investigate the use of black bullhead as a bioindicator organism. A set of biomarkers was analysed during the 2021 summer season, while fish from
the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) were used as control. The genotoxic response was assessed using an alkaline comet assay and a micronucleus test in blood cells. In addition, the concentration of metals and metalloids in fish was analysed to reveal their safety for the human diet. Supplementary analyses included basic physicochemical parameters, faecal indicator bacteria and the analysis of pesticides in lake sediment. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) approach was used to link all biomarkers and present the results concisely. In all months except August, the level of DNA damage was significantly higher compared to the control. The highest number of nuclear abnormalities and micronuclei was observed in June. The highest value of the metal pollution index (MPI) was observed in June. No sample exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) according to EU and national regulations. The integrated biomarker response showed that all four months had significantly higher values compared to the control, with the highest values in June. This study emphasises the sensitivity of the black bullhead as a bioindicator organism and its safe use in human nutrition