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Statistical and expert-based landslide susceptibility modeling on a national scale applied to North Macedonia
Get PDFThis article presents a Geographic Information System (GIS) assessment of Landslide Susceptibility Zonation (LSZ) in North Macedonia. Because of the weak landslide inventory, statistical method (frequency ratio) is combined with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this study, lithology, slope, plan curvature, precipitations, land cover, distance from streams, and distance from roads were selected as precondition factors for landslide occurrence. There are two advantages of the approach used. The first is the possibility of comparing of the results and cros svalidation between the statistical and expert based methods with an indication of the advantages and drawbacks of each of them. The second is the possibility of better weighting of precondition factors for landslide occurrence, which can be useful in cases of weak landslide inventory. The final result shows that in the case of weak landslide inventory, LSZ map created with the combination of both models provide better overall results than each model separately
Rainfall erosivity and extreme precipitation in the Pannonian basin
Get PDFIn order to assess the rainfall erosivity in the Pannonian basin, several parameters which describe distribution, concentration and variability of precipitation were used, as well as 9 extreme precipitation indices. The precipitation data is obtained from the European Climate Assessment and Dataset project for the period 1961-2014, for 8 meteorological stations in northern Serbia, 5 in Hungary and 1 in eastern Croatia. The extreme values of precipitation were calculated following the indices developed by the ETCCDI. RclimDex software package was used for indices calculation. Based on statistical analysis and the calculated values, the results have been presented with Geographic Information System (GIS) to point out the most vulnerable parts of the Pannonian basin, with regard to pluvial erosion. This study presents the first result of combined rainfall erosivity and extreme precipitation indices for the investigated area. Results of PCI indicate presence of moderate precipitation concentration (mean value 11.6). Trend analysis of FI (mean value 22.7) and MFI (mean value 70.2) implies a shift from being largely in the low erosivity class, to being completely in the moderate erosivity class in the future, thus indicating an increase in rainfall erosivity for most of the investigated area (except in the northwestern parts). Furthermore, the observed precipitation extremes suggest that both the amount and the intensity of precipitation are increasing. The knowledge about the areas affected by strong soil erosion could lead to introducing effective measures in order to reduce it. Long term analysis of rainfall erosivity is a significant step concerning flood prevention, hazard mitigation, ecosystem services, land use change and agricultural production
Pursuit of integration in the former Yugoslavia's planning
No full textFrom the perspective of its inherent promises, difficulties, elusiveness, and relative discontinuity, the pursuit of integration in planning could be compared to the Quest for the Holy Grail. The aim of this paper is to identify the main commitments and impediments to pursued integration in the former Yugoslavia's planning from the late 1950s until the late 1980s, drawing on the theoretical discourse, legislative, and institutional framework and the case study of the spatial plan preparation in the Socialist Republic of Serbia. During the chosen period, different aspects of integrated approach to spatial and urban planning were pursued in a context of creating and failing to deliver a unique Yugoslav version of the welfare state -the selfmanagement socialism. In this light, the intended integration is contrasted to poor outcomes, which led to the loss of legitimacy and the final dissolution of the state, its ideology, governance, and socio-economic planning. The conclusion reflects on the main merits and pitfalls of the former Yugoslavia's experiment to illuminate some general risks associated with the integrated approach in planning
Can winter tourism be truly sustainable in natural protected areas?
Get PDFEven though legally protected, many areas worldwide are under a certain level of human pressure. Significant for humanity for many reasons, mountain regions are also threatened because of different anthropogenic activities, especially the ones with developed winter tourism. There are four main ski resorts in Serbia (Kopaonik, Zlatibor, Stara Planina and Brezovica) and the strongest environmental impact is registered on Kopaonik Mountain. In this paper, we tried to answer if winter tourism could be sustainable in protected areas, especially on Kopaonik Mountain, which is recognized as the largest ski resort in Serbia and a natural protected area of the highest state level-a National Park. The main threats to the environment in Kopaonik National Park are logging, building and construction of ski slopes, urbanization, artificial snow use, illegal and unplanned building. Negative consequences of winter tourism development are land degradation, deforestation, loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, ecosystem disturbances, erosion, soil loss and pollution, water and air pollution, noise and light pollution. Harmonizing tourism development with conservation activities within natural protected areas is one of the main priorities of sustainable use of natural values and resources. For the successful and sustainable development of an area, it is necessary to conduct multidisciplinary planning, based on the results from the relevant scientific disciplines
Annual and seasonal variations of river discharges in the South Morava River Basin (Republic of Serbia)
Get PDFUnderstanding the current status of wateriness, which include studying the variability of different hydrological parameters over a long period of time, represents a significant process for determining the availability and quantity of water resources, especially at the local and regional level. First, it is necessary to identify certain paternity and frequency in a long time series of hydrological parameters. Secondly, it is important to correlate them with variability of some climatological elements on the one hand and anthropogenic influence in other hand, which are the main factors that have influence on the changes in river wateriness. The main objective of this paper is the analysis of seasonal and annual variations of river discharges in the South Morava river basin, for the period of 50 years (1968-2017), and the observation of certain trends (using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and homogeneity test). Explanation and understanding the potential causes of observed changes, which are significant, is one of the tasks of this research. In this paper are observed data of the mean annual and monthly river discharges from 20 active hydrological stations in the South Morava river basin, for which there are empirical data for the taken period. The results indicate that most rivers in the basin have dominant decreasing trend of the mean annual river discharges (85% of them), but the more significant changes are noticed for the values of the seasonal river discharges
Дневни урбани систем Књажевца
No full textПо функционалном капацитету и домету конвергентних и дивергентних гравитационих утицаја Књажевац спада у ред субррегионалних центара Зајечарске области/округа са просторно и демографски израженим и разгранатим урбаним системом. У овом раду анализиран је дневни конвергентни и дивергентни ареал радне снаге, који омогућава поуздано сагледавање квантитета и квалитета просторно-функционалних односа и веза у мрежи насеља, како Књажевца тако и шире територије у његовом функционалном окружењу. Обим ученичке и студентске дневне миграције има мањи значај у интеграцији и трансформацији мреже насеља Књажевца и суседних функционалних жаришта, те су анализе о интензитету и правцима кретања ученика и студената у раду изостављене. Научно-информативну основу овог рада представљају подаци, који иначе нису публиковани, као ни доступни широј научној и стручној јавности, формирани посебном обрадом резултата пописа становништва Србије 2002. и 2011. године у Републичком заводу за статистику Србије.Уредници: Микица Сибиновић, Владана Стојадиновић, Данијела Поповић Николи
Biomedical Images Processing Using Maxeler DataFlow Engines
No full textImage segmentation is one of the most common procedures in medical imaging applications. It is also very important task in breast cancer detection. Breast cancer detection procedure based on mammography can be divided into several stages. The first stage is the extraction of region of interest from a breast image, after which the identification of suspicious mass regions, their classification, and comparison with the existing image database follows. It is often the case that already existing image databases have large sets of data for which processing requires a lot of time, thus the acceleration of each of the processing stages in breast cancer detection is a very important issue. Image filtering is also one of the most common and important tasks in image processing applications. It is, in most cases, preprocessing procedure for 3D visualization of an image stack. In order to achieve high-quality 3D visualization of a 2D image stack, it is of particular importance that all the images of the input stack are clear and sharp, thus their filtering should be executed carefully. There are also many algorithms for 3D visualization, so it is important to choose the right one which will execute fast enough and produce satisfied quality. In this chapter, the implementation of the already existing algorithm for region-of-interest-based image segmentation for mammogram images on High-Performance Reconfigurable DataFlow Computers (HPRDC) is proposed. As a DataFlow Engine (DFE) of such HPRDC, Maxeler’s acceleration card is used. The experiments for examining the acceleration of that algorithm on the Reconfigurable DataFlow Computers (RDC) are performed with two types of mammogram images with different resolutions. There were, also, several DFE configurations and each of them gave different acceleration of algorithm execution. Those accelerations are presented and experimental results have been shown good acceleration. Also, image processing using a mean filtering algorithm combined with thresholding and binarization algorithms and 3D visualization of murine lungs using marching cubes method are explained. These algorithms are mapped on the Maxeler’s DFE to significantly increase calculation speed. Optimal algorithm calculation speed was up to 20-fold baseline calculation speed
Značaj muzeja kao kulturnog dobra za razvoj informalnog obrazovanja
Get PDFInformalno obrazovanje je doživotni proces kojim se stiču znanja, razvijaju veštine i formiraju stavovi. U društvu visoke tehnologije i masovne kulture, informalno obrazovanje se realizuje u društvenim institucijama, ali i u ustanovama javnog informisanja i kulture. Informalna okruženja kao što su muzeji pružaju značajne potencijale za učenje, ali se uslovi razlikuju od onih u formalnim obrazovno-vaspitnim institucijama. Naglasak je na procesu učenja koje je samousmereno, dobrovoljno i personalno, a ishodi nisu unapred definisani. Muzeji su mesta gde ljudi pronalaze, istražuju i testiraju svoje ideje. Ključni elementi učenja u muzeju obuhvataju stvaranje veza između poznatog i nepoznatog i sticanje autentičnog iskustva kroz posmatranje izložbenih predmeta. To su mesta gde ljudi svih uzrasta mogu da uče vlastitim tempom, a učenje se odlikuje željom za otkrivanjem, slobodnim istraživanjem i deljenjem iskustava sa porodicom, prijateljima, vršnjacima i drugim posetiocima. Ovakva okruženja predstavljaju mesta intergeneracijskog učenja, omogućavaju učenje putem otkrića i socijalnu saradnju. Uloga muzeja kao kulturnog dobra za razvoj informalnog obrazovanja je značajna jer je učenje u najširem smislu rezultat interakcije koja se odvija u slobodnom vremenu između posetioca i muzejske sredine.Urednici: Filipović Dejan, Velimir Šećerov, Bogdan Lukić, Uroš Radosavljević, Miroslav Mari
