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Ljudski razvoj kao odgovor na demografske promene, Urednik: Danilo Vuković, UNDP Srbija, 2022
No full textUticaj ekonomske strukture stanovništva na neravnomeran teritorijalni razvoj gradova i opština u Rasinskom okrugu
Get PDFEkonomska struktura stanovništva predstavlja značajan pokazatelj razvijenosti određene teritorije. Razvijene teritorije se odlikuju malim procentom nezaposlenog stanovništva i velikim procentom radno aktivnog stanovništva zaposlenog u delatnostima tercijarnog i kvartarnog sektora. U ovom radu, predmet analize su razlike u ekonomskoj strukturi stanovništva u gradovima i opštinama Rasinskog okruga: Kruševcu, Trsteniku, Varvarinu, Ćićevcu, Aleksandrovcu i Brusu. Značajne indikatore njihovog razvoja predstavljaju promene stepena nezaposlenosti stanovništva, kao i odnos radno aktivnog i neaktivnog stanovništva po opštinama. Uporednom analizom će se izvršiti poređenje navedenih demografskih pokazatelja u odnosu na prosek istih na nivou čitave Srbije. Poseban akcenat će biti stavljen na uticaj Kruševca, kao glavnog centra u ovom okrugu, na razvoj i promene ekonomske strukture stanovništva drugih opština Rasinskog okruga. Dobijeni rezultati će poslužiti kao osnova za identifikovanje uticaja ekonomske strukture na funkcionalnu transformaciju i neravnomeran razvoj u ovom okrugu. Na temelju toga, ukazaće se na projekcije i pravce razvoja gradov i opština ovog okruga u narednom periodu.Urednici: Svetlana Stanarević, Aleksandra Đuki
Microcloud system for storing data via the internet
No full textMicroCloud sistem za skladištenje podataka putem internet mreže sastoji se od Raspberry Pi računara (1) koji je povezan preko žičanog kabla (2) sa ruter uređajem (3), ruter uređaj (3) je povezan sa internet mrežom (5) žičanim kablom (4), mobilni telefon (7) je bežičnom vezom (6) povezan na ruter uređaj (3). PC računar (9) je žičanim kablom (8) povezan na internet mrežu (5), kao i laptop računar (11) koji je na isti način povezan žičanim kablom (10) na internet mrežu (5). Mobilni telefon (15) je bežičnom vezom (14) povezan na baznu stanicu (13) preko koje ostvaruje vezu sa internet mrežom (5) preko žičanog kabla (12)
Širenje rudarskog basena vs ruralna obnova - stanje i perspektive razvoja ruralnih naselja u opštini Lazarevac
No full textNa području rudarskih basena dolazi do velikih promena prirodne i društvene sredine jer sa
jedne strane postoji velika naseljenost i izgrađenost prostora, a sa druge strane specifični zahtevi
površinske eksploatacije. Rudarski basen „Kolubara” je važan nosilac srpske energetike, a otkopavanje uglja se u najvećoj meri obavlja na teritoriji opštine Lazarevac, pa se usled planiranog razvoja površinskih kopova očekivano na ovom prostoru događaju najintenzivnije promene preseljavanja stanovništva, naselja ili delova naselja. U radu se analizira dinamika preseljavanja stanovništva, karakter i tip raseljavanja naselja. Težište rada predstavlja prikaz transformacije mreže naselja na teritoriji opštine Lazeravac, analizom fizionomskih, demografskih, funkcionalnih i dr. promena uslovljenih širenjem rudarskog basena „Kolubara“. Cilj rada je detaljno sagledavanje uticaja rudarskog basena „Kolubara“ na sveobuhvatni razvoj naselja na teritoriji opštine Lazarevac, kao i uočavanje mogućnosti i ograničenja razvoja ruralnih naselja na proučavanom prostoru.Urednik: Ivan Novkovi
Ruralna deagrarizacija kao faktor promene intenziteta erozije zemljišta
Get PDFIntenzitet erozije zemljišta rezultat je kombinovanog delovanja različitih prirodnih i antropogenih faktora. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da utvrdi agrarne indikatore kao determinante promene intenziteta erozije zemljišta u slivovima Crnice i Rasničke reke. Model potencijala erozije primenjen je za procenu stanja erozije zemljišta za dva perioda 1971. godine i 2010. godine. Koeficijent erozije u slivu Crnice iznosio je Z1=0,390 i Z2=0,360, a specifična produkcija nanosa Ws1=529 m3/km2/god i Ws2=463 m3/km2/god. Koeficijent erozije u slivu Rasničke reke iznosio je Z1=0,437 i Z2=0,374, a specifična produkcija nanosa Ws1=861 m3/km2/god i Ws2=622 m3/km2/god. Ekstremno smanjenje agrarnog pritiska na zemljište, veliki udeo naselja regresivnog tipa od 80 %, kao i intenzivan proces depopulacije rezultiralo je većoj redukciji erozije zemljišta u slivu Rasničke reke. Rezulati ove studije mogu omogućiti donosiocima odluka nove pristupe za adekvatno upravljanje zemljišnim resursima u ruralnim sredinama.Urednici: Velimir Šećerov, Dejan S. Đorđević, Zoran Radosavljević, Marija R. Jefti
GIS analysis of the forest fire occurrence possibilities and their impact on tourism offer of the Sokobanja municipality
Get PDFТуристички сектор који представља значајан покретач економског развоја посебно је угрожен ризицима од појаве шумских пожара. Шумски пожари представљају природну непогоду која може имати несагледиве последице на туристичку делатност. У овом раду извршена је анализа могућности настанка шумских пожара и њиховог утицаја на туристичке капацитете у општини Сокобања. Шумски пожари могу настати природно или као резултат антропогеног утицаја. За потребе анализе коришћено је ГИС окружење (софтвер отвореног кода „QGIS”) у оквиру којег су обрађени подаци о типу вегетације, рељефним карактеристикама (нагибу и експозицији терена) и зоне удаљености од путева и насеља. На основу индекса подложности настанка шумских пожара идентификованa су подручја са различитим степеном угрожености, која су затим „преклопљена” са локацијама туристичких капацитета. Примењена методологија може се користити, осим за идентификацију угрожених подручја и предвиђање степена опасности по туристичку понуду и за планирање одговарајућих мера превенције.The tourism sector, which is a significant driver of economic development, is particularly vulnerable to the risks of forest fires. Forest fires are a natural disaster that can have enormous consequences for tourism. This paper analyzes the possibility of forest fires occurrence and their impact on tourist facilities in the Sokobanja municipality. Forest fires can occur naturally or as a result of anthropogenic impact. For the purposes of this analysis data about land cover, relief characteristics (slope and aspect) and distance from roads and settlements were used and processed in GIS environment (open source software “QGIS”). Based on the the forest fire susceptibility index, areas with different degrees of endangerment were identified, which were then overlapped with the locations of tourist facilities. The applied methodology can be used except for the identification of endangered areas and the prediction of the degree of danger to the tourist offer and for the planning of appropriate prevention measures.Уредници: Сања Павловић, Марија Белиј Радин, Марина Веси
Sustainability of Serbian Villages in COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions
Get PDFThe subject of this paper is to determine how the COVID-19 virus pandemic affected the situation in Serbian villages. The task of the paper is to show the positive and negative consequences that resulted from the pandemic. This would indicate that some of them may represent a new idea, a chance, or would work in favor of the sustainability of the villages of Serbia. In support of objectivity, research was carried out among the population that inhabits the rural areas of Serbia. It examined the extent to which internationally recognized phenomena and consequences of the COVID-19 virus pandemic were present in the study area and considered the nature of their impact on sustainability. The results of the semi-structured questionnaire were processed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Respondents contributed to the conception of possible solutions with their comments. The obtained differences in the answers resulted from different socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, but also from the fact that the villages of Serbia differ in natural and social characteristics. Respondents’ responses are in favor of economic and sociodemographic sustainability, but they do not think in terms of environmental sustainability. The paper reveals several development opportunities, which complement each other and contribute to different methods for sustainability of rural villages in Serbia
Geomorphological Characteristics of Serbia
Get PDFThe main morphological feature in the relief of Serbia is its gradual rise from the Pannonian Plain in the north to the highest parts of the Šar-Prokletije Mountains in the south and southeast. The central part of the territory encompasses the valleys of the Morava and Southern Morava Rivers, which flow from south to north. West of them lies a mountainous region with the Dinaric Mountains as the most exceptional range. The Carpathian-Balkan mountain range in the east undergoes a gradual decrease of elevation, transiting into marginal parts of the Vlaško-Pontian Plain. The relief base is made up of rocks of different age and different origin (sedimentary rocks with Quaternary alluvial and aeolian products as the most widespread and very abundant carbonate rocks), igneous rocks and diverse metamorphic rocks. The relief was formed over a long period of time with significant climate changes that led to alternation of geomorphological processes (aeolian, periglacial and glacial). In the relief of Serbia, depending on the role of geomorphological processes, it is possible to distinguish different genetic morphostructural types of relief that arose under the influence of endogenic forces (tectonic and volcanic) and exogenic processes (recent fluvial-denudation, karstic colluvial and periglacial). Preserved palaeorelief forms that arose during earlier stages of relief formation have been overprinted by recent geomorphological processes (palaeoabrasional, palaeokarstic, palaeoglacial and palaeoaeolian). Anthropogenic influence on relief (active for several centuries) was occasionally high enough to result in complete conversion of natural relief features and appearance of a new category – anthropogenic relief. Diverse lithology, a different tectonic fabric, neotectonic activity and former and recent climate changes are the major factors that have led to the formation of genetically diverse relief types, from different morphostructural relief elements to genetically various exogenic landscapes.Editors: Emilija Manić, Vladimir Nikitović, Predrag Djurovi
Factors Controlling the Change of Soil Erosion Intensity in Mountain Watersheds in Serbia
Get PDFThe intensity of soil erosion is the result of a combined action of natural factors and different
human activities. This work aims to determine the factors controlling the change of soil
erosion. Eleven watersheds from different parts of Serbia were used as the study area. An
Erosion Potential Model was applied to estimate the soil erosion status of the watersheds
in two periods, 1971 and 2010. The model indicated that the reduction of soil erosion
intensity in the watersheds ranges from 12.4% to 82.7%. The statistical analysis examines
quantitative relationships and combined effects between soil erosion and socio-economic
and main physical-geographical determinants in watersheds. Watershed characteristics
were divided into 5 classes, and within each class 22 variables were calculated: two
variables relate to erosion, one to topography, two to land cover, seven to demographic
and ten to agrarian variables. Correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
have been applied to understand the main variables that contribute to change soil erosion
intensity. The PCA identified four components that can explain at least up to 79.06% of the
variation of all variables. This study explores new indicators for correlations with changing
soil erosion and provides decision makers with access to quantification for environmental
impact assessment and decision-making for adequate soil conservation and management
programs
Family Formation among Serbian Millennials
Get PDFThe starting point of the paper is that the
Millennials highly rank professional achievement in their lives; therefore, education and
career are crucial for family formation decision-making. The author started from the fact that
the specific socioeconomic context of living in Serbia can create an obstacle to parenthood.
The paper aims to examine the multilevel predictors of entry into parenthood among
Millennials. A multilevel analysis based on the EU-SILC survey data served to study family
formation as a function of individual, partner's and household socioeconomic characteristics.
The results suggest that a large part of the variations in the age of entering into parenthood
can be explained by individual and partner's socioeconomic characteristics, while household
characteristics are not significant. The findings confirm the importance of professional
achievement as a "precondition" for family formation, which is reflected through education
among women and economic stability among men