2235 research outputs found
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Socijalni ekoturizam kao sredstvo za dostizanje ekološki i društveno odgovornog poslovanja
No full textNarušavanje životne sredine, društvena nejednakost i ugrožavanje radničkih prava su pojave čijem opstanku i jačanju u savremenom društvu umnogome doprinose određeni nepovoljni aspekti privrednih aktivnosti, odnosno sprovođenje poslovnih politika usmerenih isključivo na dobit. Prepoznavanje sopstvene uloge u pomenutim pojavama navodi odgovorna preduzeća da preduzimaju određene aktivnosti na polju ublažavanja svojih nepovoljnih uticaja, što predstavlja znak njihove posvećenosti održivom poslovanju. Iako pojedinci unutar preduzeća a znatno ređe i čitava preduzeća mogu inicirati, odnosno sprovoditi ovakve aktivnosti iz altruističkih razloga, spoljni pritisak javnosti i posebno poslovnog okruženja predstavlja preovlađujući podsticaj posvećenosti većine preduzeća. Korporativna društvena odgovornost (CSR) podrazumeva dobrovoljno ispravno postupanje prema zaposlenima, partnerima, društvu u celini i životnoj sredini, odnosno posvećenost iznad nivoa koji je propisan zakonom. Kriterijumi ekoloških, društvenih i upravljačkih pitanja (ESG) obuhvataju niz standarda nevezanih za fi nansijsku uspešnost čije je ispunjenje neophodno kako bi preduzeća mogla da budu deo lanca snabdevanja preduzeća iz Evropske unije i poželjno odredište za investicije i kredite, odnosno zaposlene i kupce. Socijalni turizam podrazumeva omogućavanje turističkih kretanja ljudima iz društvenih grupa koje iz ekonomskih ili drugih razloga imaju smanjenu mogućnost učestvovanja u turizmu. Ekoturizam obuhvata putovanja u očuvane prostore prirode koja doprinose njenoj zaštiti, dobrobiti lokalnih zajednica i obrazovanju turista. Kombinovanje ovih pristupa turizmu kroz proizvode organizatora putovanja i pružalaca usluga smeštaja, a uz podršku državne socijalne politike, može značajno doprineti usklađivanju poslovanja sa konceptima CSR i ESG, što sa sobom nosi niz koristi i ujedno doprinosi ostvarivanju održivog razvoja turizma i društva u celini. Potpuna transparentnost ovakvih aktivnosti predstavlja osnovni preduslov za sprečavanje ekološke i manipulacije društvenim pitanjima u cilju dovođenja javnosti u zabludu o povoljnim uticajima preduzeća na okruženje.Urednici: Bogdan Lukić, Velimir Šećerov, Dejan S. Đorđević, Zoran Radosavljevi
Contemporary geopolitical and demographic processes in the Raška region and their impact on regional development
No full textThe Raška region is located in the southwestern part of Serbia. The territory of the Raška region includes six municipalities in Serbia: Novi Pazar, Tutin, Sjenica, Prijepolje, Priboj and Nova Varoš. In addition, it includes the area of five municipalities in Montenegro: Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje, Berane, Petnjica and Rožaje. For the purposes of this work, the area belonging to Serbia was analyzed. It has an area of 4,504 km2 and a total of 438 settlements.The geostrategic position of the Raška region has changed throughout history. It represents the historical core of the Serbian medieval state. The Serbian medie-val state got its name from this region. That is why it has always had great importance from the politi-cal, demographic and economic point of view. The area of the Raška region represents a multi-ethnic environment, which is its basic demographic feature. The paper analyzes its geopolitical position, as well as demographic changes in the period 1991-2022. The population dynamic, natural changes of the population and the changes in the national structure were analyzed. Demographic processes in the re-gion were influenced by several factors, the most important of which are settlement conditions, the level of economic development, and processes of urbanization and migration, especially in the rural-urban relationship. The Raška region has considerable natural potential that has not been adequately utilized for the purpose of economic development. Faster economic development will also condition the reduction of negative demographic processes, primarily emigration from rural areas.Editor: Blagoja Markosk
Tourism planning according to the man and the space
No full textThe current domestic and foreign tourism in our country and in the world is developing in significant natural, rural and urban areas. As such, it is of interest for numerous research endeavours, operational activities and appropriate spatial and social planning in accordance with current legislation and established views on environmental sustainability. In places, regions and countries receptive to tourism, where tourism develops on the basis of tradition and respect for local and regional characteristics, the highest possible harmonisation and planning of development with existing natural and anthropogenic values is required, with particular attention to the views of modern ecology and anthropogeography on the unity of nature, man and society. The planning of modern domestic and international tourism in all its forms must always and everywhere be based on scientifically proven foundations and realistic social reality. The planning of tourism development must always and everywhere be aimed at achieving economic and social effects, i.e. directly at the economic component, since the income from tourism as a type of activity in the sense of unmanageable exports is significant for the country’s balance of payments. The need for tourism development planning in harmony with people and nature is emphasised by a number of good experts in this field. Among them, the German sociologist Jost Krippendorf stands out, whose views are often quoted as expressing the need to respect the local and traditional over the universal when it comes to planning the overall tourism activities in a given area. Also of interest are the recommendations of the World Tourism Organisation, which are addressed to the member
countries of this leading organisation in the field of tourism and travel (Krippendorf, 1986)
Return Migration and Reintegration in Serbia: Are All Returnees the Same?
No full textThe Republic of Serbia is traditionally a country of emigration, especially since the 1960s. As a result of this emigration, return migration has become an increasingly intensive migratory process in the 21st century. This study aims to examine the factors behind return migration, as well as to explore the characteristics of the reintegration process in Serbia, including the sustainability of return. This paper is based on a survey (N = 172) and interviews (N = 20) conducted with return migrants in Serbia. The research findings point to the diversity of the return migration factors, among which a longing for the country of origin is singled out as the most important. Regarding the reintegration process, this study highlights several differences that are apparent between retired returnees on the one hand and other returnees (students, employed, unemployed) on the other. The results show that the satisfaction with quality of life upon return is higher among older returnees and that the satisfaction with quality of life decreases as the respondents’ level of education increases. It is also found that the sustainability of return is connected to the life satisfaction and that respondents who plan to migrate again are the least satisfied with the quality of life compared to those who plan to stay and those who have not decided yet. This paper provides insights into some of the critical elements of the return migration and reintegration process in Serbia. Since return migrants can contribute to sustainable socio-economic development due to their human, social and financial capital, this study may be of relevance to the development of strategies and the implementation of policies in the domain of migration governance
The impact of the agri-geographical transformation of rural settlements on the geospatial dynamics of soil erosion intensity in Central Serbia
No full textSoil erosion, marked by significant loss of fertile topsoil, has emerged as a critical environmental issue at global, regional, and national levels, severely impacting agricultural productivity. In the latter half of the 20th century, Serbia saw substantial changes in land use, vegetation, and environmental conditions. The push for industrialization and urbanization, intended to enhance living standards, inadvertently resulted in considerable depopulation of rural areas and changes in agricultural practices, both of which have influenced the overall soil erosion process. The collapse of the socialist system in the former Yugoslavia led to a structural change in agriculture and to changes in agricultural land use. A direct consequence of the transformation of the agricultural landscape is the decrease in the intensity of soil erosion. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the agri-geographical transformation of rural settlements on changes in the intensity of soil erosion. The study area included 350 rural settlements in 14 municipalities in central Serbia. Based on the proportional changes in agricultural land in the period 1961-2012, the shift-share analysis method was applied to identify four types of rural settlements: progressive, stagnant, regressive and dominantly regressive types. An erosion potential model (EPM) was used to estimate the soil erosion status of the settlement types in two time periods (1971 and 2011). The spatial differentiation of agricultural land showed certain regularity in the grouping of rural settlements in terms of changes in the intensity of soil erosion. The highest rates of soil erosion intensity reduction by 40% (average specific gross erosion 1971: W1= 980 m3/km2/year; 2011: W2= 587 m3/km2/year) were found in settlements of the regressive and dominantly regressive type, which is due to the abandonment of agricultural land by 55%. These settlement types are located in the peripheral parts of the study area, which are situated at higher altitudes. The lowest reduction in erosion intensity was observed in settlements of the progressive and stagnant type (average specific gross erosion in 1971: W1=1214 m3/km2/year; 2011: W2= 936 m3/km2/year). A 23% reduction in soil erosion corresponds to a 20% reduction in agricultural land. These settlement types are located in the valley of study area and are part of the peri-urban belt of towns. This study improves the understanding of the complex relationships in the environment between soil loss and changes in agricultural land use and their spatio-temporal variations. Future research should focus on the long-term effects of current land use practices and explore strategies to mitigate erosion, particularly in the context of a changing climate. The findings can be applied to enhance sustainable soil resource management, improve land use planning, and develop effective erosion control measures at both local and regional levels.Editors: Slobodan B. Marković, Srđan Rončević, Lazar Lazi
GIS-Based Integrated Multi-Hazard Vulnerability Assessment in Makedonska Kamenica Municipality, North Macedonia
No full textThis study presents a comprehensive analysis of natural hazard susceptibility in the Makedonska Kamenica municipality of North Macedonia, encompassing erosion assessment, landslides, flash floods, and forest fire vulnerability. Employing advanced GIS and remote sensing (RS) methodologies, hazard models were meticulously developed and integrated to discern areas facing concurrent vulnerabilities. Findings unveil substantial vulnerabilities prevalent across the area, notably along steep terrain gradients, river valleys, and deforested landscapes. Erosion assessment reveals elevated rates, with a mean erosion coefficient (Z) of 0.61 and an annual erosion production of 182,712.9 m3, equivalent to a specific erosion rate of 961.6 m3/km2/year. Landslide susceptibility analysis identifies 31.8% of the municipality exhibiting a very high probability of landslides, while flash flood susceptibility models depict 3.3% of the area prone to very high flash flood potential. Forest fire susceptibility mapping emphasizes slightly less than one-third of the municipality’s forested area is highly or very highly susceptible to fires. Integration of these hazard models elucidates multi-hazard zones, revealing that 11.0% of the municipality’s territory faces concurrent vulnerabilities from excessive erosion, landslides, flash floods, and forest fires. These zones are predominantly located in upstream areas, valleys of river tributaries, and the estuary region. The identification of multi-hazard zones underscores the critical need for targeted preventive measures and robust land management strategies to mitigate potential disasters and safeguard both human infrastructure and natural ecosystems. Recommendations include the implementation of enhanced monitoring systems, validation methodologies, and community engagement initiatives to bolster hazard preparedness and response capabilities effectively
GIS analiza prostorne dostupnosti i disperzije turističkih sadržaja u urbanom naselju Prokuplje: podrška urbanističkom planiranju
No full textGeografski informacioni sistemi (GIS), u sadašnjem vremenu, imaju široku primenu u svim segmentima prostornog i urbanističkog planiranja. U ovom radu, razmotriće se mogućnosti korišćenja GIS-a u analizi prostorne dostupnosti i disperzije turističkih sadržaja u urbanom naselju. Analizom je obuhvaćeno urbano područje Grada Prokuplja. QGIS korišćen je sa kompatibilnom OpenStreetMaps platformom u vektorskom formatu za kreiranje baze turističkih atraktivnih sadržaja i napredne prostorno-urbanističke analize. Kroz utvrđivanje transportne dostupnosti turistički atraktivnih sadržaja i izradu turističkih izohronih karata, pružena je geoinformatička podrška donošenju odluka u planiranju i zoniranju turističkih sadržaja. Prikazan konceptualni okvir primene GIS-a u analizi urbanih turističkih sadržaja, može doprineti unapređenju prakse urbanističkog planiranjaUrednici: Bogdan Lukić, Velimir Šećerov, Dejan S. Đorđević, Zoran Radosavljevi