2235 research outputs found
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Zastupljenost migracione problematike u udžbenicima geografije za osnovnu i srednju školu
Get PDFThe growth of the population, migratory movements and the consequences of these developments contribute to the formation of all-round development of personality of students and their scientific view of the world. A migration issue through varied and always current content encourages thinking and independent reasoning. It is therefore necessary to examine in detail the phenomenon of migration. In this way children develop critical thinking towards important socio-geographical and globalization processes. Consequently, they get acquainted with the ways of dealing with migration flows, which represent a global challenge today. The aim is to analyze the migration point to their representation in the geography textbooks for primary and secondary school. Bearing in mind that the socio-geographical theme interdisciplinary comparison is conducted geography curricula in Serbia, as well as selected European country. The results show the specificity and their underrepresentation in geography textbooks for primary and secondary school.Zakonitosti razvoja stanovništva, migraciona kretanja i posledice tih kretanja doprinose formiranju svestrano razvijene ličnosti učenika i njihovog naučnog pogleda na svet. Migraciona problematika kroz raznovrsne i uvek aktuelne sadržaje podstiče na razmišljanje i samostalno zaključivanje. Zbog toga je potrebno da se fenomen migracija detaljno prouči. Na taj način učenici formiraju kritičko mišljenje prema važnim društvenogeografskim i globalizacijskim procesima. Shodno tome, oni se upoznaju i sa načinima rešavanja migracionih tokova koji predstavljaju globalni izazov današnjice. Cilj rada je da se kroz analizu migracija ukaže na njihovu zastupljenost u udžbenicima geografije za osnovnu i srednju školu. Imajući u vidu da je društveno-geografska tematika interdisciplinarna, izvršena je komparacija nastavnih programa geografije u Republici Srbiji i odabranih evropskih država. Rezultati rada ukazuju na njihovu specifičnost i nedovoljnu zastupljenost u udžbenicima geografije za osnovnu i srednju školu
Defining urban regions in Serbia
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to examine the coverage of Serbia's national territory with urban regions. In order to acquire the status of an urban region, a city and its surrounding area have to meet certain criteria. There is a set of criteria that apply to cities as the centres of urban regions, and there is another set of criteria relating to the settlements in their surroundings. The analysis and evaluation of the characteristics of a selected set of urban regions are very important both for urban geographical research and the planning of spatial and functional relations and links, as well as the management of regional development in Serbia
Relict cryoplanation terraces of central Kopaonik (Serbia)
Get PDFThe paper deals with cryoplanation terraces on Kopaonik Mountain (2017m) which had been formed for the first time as a relict relief probably during the last glacial maximum (LGM) of Late Pleistocene. Four sites on the slopes of the southern and eastern exposure of the central part of the mountain range at the altitude between 1390 and 1910 m have been studied. Qualitative geomorphological research has dominated. Quantitative research has not been possible due to the properties of the relict formations and genetic inactivity of this relief, which is also typical for modern periglacial environments. Distinction of cryoplanation terraces on Kopaonik is important for understanding the distribution of this relict morphology both in Serbia and South East Europe. The research presents a contribution to one of the primary goals of the concept of cryoplanation in terms of regional distribution of cryoplanation relief
Education as a factor of fertility and population policy in Serbia
Get PDFSerbia has been facing a childbearing crisis and its repercussions for decades, despite the population policy measures. This paper analyses the linkage between women's education and childbearing, since the educational attainment level is a significant and accurately measurable determinant of fertility. The analysis is based on vital statistics, as the input for the calculation of various fertility indicators for the period of 2002-2015. This timeframe is taken into consideration because a strong financial incentive for childbearing was introduced in 2002, while 2015 is the most recent year for which data on vital events are available. In the observed period, the total fertility rates of women with no education and with university education increased, in contrast to the declining total fertility rates of women with primary and secondary education. The findings of this research indicate the need to create conditions that promote childbearing by women with primary and secondary education, who have not responded to the existing, principally financial, fertility policy measures as expected
Torrential flood prevention in the Kolubara river basin
No full textOne of the most vulnerable parts to natural hazards in Serbia is Kolubara river basin. In the past, during the period from 1929 to 2013, 121 torrential flood events in the Kolubara river basin were recorded which show that this territory is extremely vulnerable to the torrential floods. The extreme event which occurred in May 2014 causing the catastrophic material damages and casualties was the latest and historical flood. The analysis of natural conditions in the Kolubara basin uniformly showed that this area is predisposed to a greater number of torrential floods due to its geomorphological, hydrological and land use properties. Torrential floods are closely related to the intensity and spatial distribution of erosive processes in the upper part of the Kolubara basin. The estimation of soil erosion potential is generally achieved by Erosion Potential Model (EPM). For the purposes of determining the degree of torrential properties in various water streams in the Kolubara basin, the calculation of susceptibility to torrential floods was assessed by Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI). More than half of the basin area (57.2%) is located within the category of very weak and weak erosion (Z(sr) = 0.35), but the category of medium erosion is geospatially very common. Such a distribution of medium erosion category provides conditions for generating, i.e. production of sediment which would boost torrential properties of water streams. After the classification of the obtained FFPI values it was determined that 25% of the Kolubara basin is very susceptible to torrents and this data should be seriously taken into consideration. Based on the analyses, the best and most successful manner of defence is prevention which consists of the integrated river basin management system (integrated torrent control system) so that technical works in hydrographic networks of torrents and biological and biotechnical works on the slope of the basin would be the best solution. Permanent control of erosive and torrential processes in the river basin will be not only important for flood control but it can also protect the existing and future water reservoirs and retentions from siltation with erosion sediment which is of great significance to the water management, agriculture, energy sector, and the entire society
Predlozi za uvođenje katastra zagađivača kao obaveze u planove i programe zaštite životne sredine u Srbiji
Get PDFIzvori zagađivanja životne sredine su lokacijski određeni i prostorno ograničeni tačkastim, linijskim i površinskim izvorima zagađenja. Sa jedne strane, katastar izvora zagađenja predstavlja polaznu osnovu za monitoring životne sredine, kako bi najkvalitetnije bilo realizovano posmatranje, kontrola i prognoziranje mogućih promena u prirodi pod uticajem eksternih činilaca, mere regulisanja stanja sredine i upravljanje životnom sredinom. Sa druge strane, katastar izvora zagađivanja životne sredine jeste skup sistematizovanih informacija o vrstama, količinama, načinu i mestu unošenja, ispuštanja ili odlaganja zagađujućih materija u gasovitom, tečnom i čvrstom agregatnom stanju ili ispuštanja energije (buke, vibracija, toplote, jonizujućeg i nejonizujućeg zračenja) iz tačkastih, linijskih i površinskih izvora zagađivanja u životnu sredinu. Ova činjenice su glavni razlog za uvođenje katastra zagađivača u planove i programe zaštite životne sredine u Srbiji. Zadatak koji se postavio pred autore je da ukažu na probleme u vezi izrade planova i programa zaštite životne sredine u Srbiji, a vezano za nepostojanje informacija o katastru zagađivača. Primarni cilj koji je postavljen u radu je način na koji bi se implementirao katastar zagađivača u planove i programe zaštite životne sredine.Urednici: Dejan Filipović, Velimir Šećerov, Slavoljub Dragićević, Zoran Radosavljevi
Demografski potencijali i ograničenja kao činilac u prostornom planiranju - primer planskog regiona Šumadijskog, Pomoravskog, Raškog i Rasinskog okruga
Get PDFU radu je ukazano na značaj i moguće okvire uticaja demografskih potencijala i ograničenja u planiranju prostora na primeru heterogenog planskog regiona Šumadijskog,Pomoravskog, Raškog i Rasinskog okruga. Pored uobičajeno korišćenih metoda analize i sinteze, osnovu rada čine demografski metod, kao i metod SWOT analize. Svrha rada je prikazati značaj demografskih faktora u integralnom pristupu prostornom planiranju. Demografskim pokazateljima prikazane su anomalije planskog regiona Šumadijskog, Pomoravskog, Raškogi Rasinskog okruga, koje predstavljaju ograničenja za osnove održivog prostornog i ekonomskog razvoja. Sa druge strane, na osnovu položaja Regiona na osovini razvoja zajedno sa povoljnim rasporedom značajnih gradskih naselja, ukazano je i na recentno i moguće jačanjedemografskih potencijala, čime se pokreće kontinuitet u uzročno-posledičnoj vezi razvoja.Polazeći od SWOT analize, istražuju se svi relevantni aspekti demografskih politika koje trebaintegrisati u postupku planiranja. Кonstatovano je da se u okviru koncepcije prostornog planamora sveobuhvatno sagledati problematika stanovništva sa svim svojim implikacijama, kao pokretača ekonomskih, socijalnih, infrastrukturnih i drugih oblika razvoja.Urednici: Rajko Golić, Marija Beli
Community-hygiene problems of public surfaces and environmental protection measures at the territory of the Belgrade settlement
Get PDFThe research subject of the doctoral dissertation is the geospatial aspect of community hygiene and the problems that exist in protecting and improving the quality of the environment on public surfaces in the Belgrade settlement. The methodology used can also be applied to other urban settlements in the Republic of Serbia. In addition to the consideration of the institutional framework (hierarchical levels of the state government, the authorities of the City of Belgrade, competent institutions and enterprises, etc.), an overview of the local self-government competencies, legal and strategic framework for the environmental management and community hygiene is given, as well as the natural-geographic and socio-economic characteristics of the Belgrade settlement. The quality of the environmental media (water, air, soil, etc.) is analyzed along with the analyzed factors affecting their quality, as well as projects and activities that will improve the community-hygiene conditions in some parts of the city in the following period. The community-hygiene problems were analyzed separately. Recommendations for their mitigation or complete removal were given. On the other hand, the community-hygiene problems of urban greenery and waste management were analyzed through the special chapters. The proposal for the integral model of the community-hygiene management at the territory of Belgrade settlement given in the dissertation, represents complex and interdisciplinary approach (measures, procedures, etc.) for solving concrete community-hygiene problems in the environmental protection system, information system, politics, economy, and technical and technological solutions.Predmet istraživanja doktorske disertacije je geoprostorni aspekt komunalne higijene i problemi koji postoje u zaštiti i unapređenju kvaliteta životne sredine na javnim površinama u gradskom naselju Beograd. Korišćena metodologija može biti primenjena i za druga gradska naselja u Republici Srbiji. Osim sagledavanja institucionalnog okvira (hijerarhijski nivoi vlasti u državi, organi Gradske uprave Grada Beograda, nadležne institucije, preduzeća i dr.), dat je pregled nadležnosti jedinice lokalne samouprave i zakonski i strateški okvir upravljanja životnom sredinom i komunalnom higijenom, kao i prirodno-geografske i socioekonomske karakteristike gradskog naselja Beograd. Analizirani su kvalitet medijuma životne sredine (voda, vazduh, zemljište, itd.) i faktori koji utiču na njihov kvalitet, kao i projekti i aktivnosti koji će u narednom periodu unaprediti komunalno-higijenske uslove u pojedinim delovima grada. Pojedinačno su analizirani komunalno-higijenski problemi na javnim površinama i navedene su preporuke za njihovo ublažavanje ili potpuno uklanjanje, dok su kroz posebna poglavlja analizirani komunalno- higijenski problemi gradskog zelenila i upravljanja otpadom. Predlog integralnog modela upravljanja komunalnom higijenom na teritoriji gradskog naselja Beograd koji je dat u disertaciji, predstavlja kompleksan i interdisciplinaran pristup (mere, postupci i dr.) rešavanju konkretnih komunalno-higijenskih problema u sistemu zaštitite životne sredine, informacionog sistema, politike, ekonomije i tehničko-tehnoloških rešenja
The role of nodal centers in achieving balanced regional development
Get PDFUneven regional development is characteristic of a large part of the society, from micro to macro regional level. One of the ways of overcoming this problem is effective spatial and functional connection of the largest nodal centers of the region, among themselves and with the settlements in the gravitational sphere. The paper analyzes the spatial and functional impact of nodal centers in the Serbian part of Banat. This region is located in Vojvodina Province, Northern Serbia. Nodal centers are presented as poles of convergence of the population and functions, from which development impacts - the main factors of socio-economic transformation of the region are spreading out. The paper also deals with the possibilities for achieving balanced regional development presented through the prism of the functional impact of nodal centers in that process. Nodal (functional) region is a theoretical basis of the work. Also, the nodal region is a starting point of functional-process paradigm, resulting from modern processes which change the structure of space by their functional influence. Functional-process paradigm is one of the basic characteristics of modern regional geography