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Korišćenje zdravstvenog informacionog sistema i veštačke inteligencije u cilju zaštite životne sredine i javnog zdravlja
No full textKorišćenje veštačke inteligencije (VI) pri obradi velike količine podataka za
geoprostornu analizu u životnoj sredini igra sve značajniju ulogu. Ovaj rad pruža pregled
mogućnosti korišćenja VI u prezentovanju podataka informacionog sistema jedne zdravstvene
ustanove u Republici Srbiji. Kroz primer kreiranja interaktivne karte sa ukupnim brojem
pregledanih pacijenata u zdravstvenoj ustanovi po naseljima na čitavoj teritoriji R. Srbije
predstavljene su prednosti i mane automatskog generisanja digitalnih interaktivnih karata.
Kombinacija korišćenja baze javne zdravstvene ustanove, otvorenih podataka Republičkog
geodetskog zavoda, ChatGPT i otvorenog softvera PyCharm prikazuje mogućnosti i ograničenja
VI prilikom prezentovanja i analize podataka. Istraživanja ovog tipa mogu doprineti složenijim
geoprostornim analizama u oblasti životne sredine i medicinske geografije.Urednici: Dejan Filipović, Velimir Šećerov, Dušan Ristić, Marina Ili
Land Cover Changes in the Rural Border Region of Serbia Affected by Demographic Dynamics
No full textThe rural border areas of Serbia have been undergoing significant demographic shifts and
transformations in land use. Between 2002 and 2022, these regions experienced a continuous
population decline, an increase in the average age, and a growing share of single-person
households. Simultaneously, there has been a reduction in agricultural land and a noticeable
expansion of forested and grassland areas, particularly in hilly and mountainous terrain.
This paper aims to explore the interrelationship between demographic indicators and land
cover changes in these areas. Pearson’s correlation analysis was applied to data from the
national population censuses and the CORINE Land Cover datasets for 1990 and 2018. The
strongest positive correlation was found between the decline in the number of households
and the reduction in agricultural land. Conversely, the expansion of forested areas showed
a negative correlation with most demographic indicators. The findings reflect trends similar
to those observed in other Eastern European countries but also reveal specific patterns of
spatial marginalization unique to Serbia. In the study, the conclusion leads to the idea that
depopulated border areas are in transition between past and future functions that will be
influenced by their resource base
Spatial–Temporal Trends of Cancer Among Women in Central Serbia, 1999–2021: Implications for Disaster and Public Health Preparedness
No full textBackground/Objectives: Cancer is a major public health burden in Serbia and a factor
influencing long-term disaster readiness by straining health system capacity. This study
examined spatial and temporal trends in incidence and mortality for eight major cancers
among women in Central Serbia (1999–2021) to inform targeted prevention and preparedness
strategies. Methods: Standardised rates from national datasets were analysed using the
Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator. Geographic disparities were mapped
in ArcGIS Pro 3.2. Mortality trends were assessed only for statistically reliable series. Results:
Breast cancer incidence increased in six counties, while cervical cancer declined in
several areas, likely reflecting screening success. Colorectal, bladder, pancreatic, and lung
and bronchus cancers showed rising incidence; lung and bronchus cancer mortality increased
in 16 counties, indicating growing demand for chronic respiratory care. These shifts
may reduce surge capacity during disasters by increasing the baseline burden on healthcare
infrastructure. Regional disparities highlight uneven system resilience. Conclusions:
Aligning cancer control measures—especially for high-burden cancers like lung—with
emergency preparedness frameworks is essential to strengthen health system resilience,
particularly in resource-limited regions
Political Trust and Potential of Participatory Dialogue in Mining Areas in Serbia: The Perspective of Local Population of Bor and Majdanpek
No full textPost-socialist countries in Europe that are in the process of EU accession
(Albania, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Montenegro, Serbia) are becoming
attractive for mining investments due to the unregulated land ownership
and weaker environmental standards (Mandacia & Tutan, 2018). Environ
mental protests in Serbia were primarily initiated by the local population
whose immediate surroundings were threatened by the commercial pro
jects of land/water grabbing (Pešić & Vukelić, 2022). They were followed by
growing authoritarian tendencies over the past decade and the insufficient
response of various institutions to citizens' demands (Pešić & Petrović,
2023). The future of civic engagement in such a context of declining demo
cracy and widespread distrust presents a research challenge. The aim of this
presentation is to explore the potential of participatory dialogue in mining
areas by analyzing political trust and participation among the local popula
tion, including both rural and urban perspectives. This is based on empirical
research conducted in Bor and Majdanpek mining communities, using a ran
dom sample (N=300) during July – August 2024. The level of participation
among the local population will be analyzed through their membership in
organizations and involvement in community activities. Trust in institutions
and other relevant actors will be assessed based on their confidence in those
addressing issues caused by mining activities. This research is developed
within the MINIPART project supported by the Science Fund of the Republic
of Serbia, grant #7598
Klimatski izazovi i migracije stanovništva - slučaj oblasti najugroženijih sušom
No full textNekoliko prethodnih decenija u fokusu naučnog rada velikog broja naučnika nalazi se uticaj klimatskih promena i promena životne sredine na demografske determinante kretanja stanovništva. Uočen je efekat koji ove promene imaju na populacioni razvitak stanovništva nekog prostora, kako na prirodno kretanje, tako i na prostornu dinamiku populacije. U ovom radu je, u svrhu istraživanja kako određeni prirodni i klimatski fenomeni utiču na kretanje stanovništva, analiziran uticaj sušnih perioda kao prirodnog hazarda na kretanje nivoa emigracije odnosno na nivo odseljavanja stanovništva. Korišćeni su klasični metodološki okviri koji podrazumevaju upotrebu demografskog i statističkog metoda. Analizom je obuhvaćeno pet oblasti, i to Severnobačka, Severnobanatska, Srednjobanatska, Jablanička i Niška oblast, koje su u datom periodu pokazale najviše stepene ugroženosti od suše, a gde se može očekivati i najizraženiji uticaj sušnih godina na intenzitet iseljavanja stanovništva. Evaluacija ovih trendova je vršena za period 2002-2022. godine, tokom kojeg su identifi kovana dva intervala sušnih i jedan interval kišnih godina u navedenim oblastima. U radu je dalje izvršena komparacija dobijenih vrednosti za Srbiju i pet odabranih oblasti najugroženijih sušom. Uprkos teorijskim polazištima i izboru oblasti sa najnižim vrednostima prosečnih godišnjih padavina, rezultati nisu ukazali na jasan rast emigracije tokom sušnih godina kako u ukupnoj populaciji, tako i u populaciji poljoprivrednog stanovništva, u starosnoj dobi 20-39 godina, koji ujedno predstavljaju i najmobilnije stanovništvo.Urednici: Dejan Filipović, Velimir Šećerov, Dušan Ristić, Marina Ili
Migracija kao strategija adaptacije na klimatske promene
No full textCilj rada je doprinos studijama koje validiraju odnose između klimatskih promenai migracija i poboljšavaju razumevanje kako i pod kojim okolnostima prirodni hazardi utičuna prostorno kretanje stanovništva. Klimatske promene mogu uticati na migraciju; među-tim, njihov efekat zavisi od načina merenja migracija, snage i posledica prirodne nepogodei konteksta u kome se migracije odvijaju. U ovom radu se analiziraju unutrašnje migracijestanovništva u opštinama koje su najviše stradale u katastrofalnoj poplavi u Srbiji tokommaja 2014. godine, a rezultati su pokazali da je emigracija bila retko zastupljena adaptivnastrategija stanovništva. Istraživanja migracije kao adaptivne strategije u našoj zemlji inačesu retka, pa je svaki nalaz o tome kako ekstremni događaji pokreću migracije u područjimavisokog rizika dragocen za popunjavanje ove istraživačke praznine. Trenutno niske stopeemigracije, koje su direktna posledica prirodnih nepogoda, verovatno će rasti kako se riziciod klimatskih promena budu povećavali
Reevaluating ethnostatistics in the context of the contemporary demographic challenges in Serbia
No full textContemporary demographic processes, including population aging, declining fertility rates, and increasing migration, present complex challenges that require reliable statistical data to create timely and adequate public policy responses. In this context, the role of ethnostatistical data becomes both analytically significant, statistically challenging and politically sensitive. This paper examines the demographic framework of ethnostatistics, questioning the usability and reliability of ethnic data in understanding key population trends. The question of whether census and vital statistics data can be accepted without restriction as a quantitative basis is of great importance and it explores how such data can give a wrong depiction of the demographic reality of different ethnic communities. This phenomenon is not only relevant for demographic research, it is also crucial for the formulation and implementation of public policies. This is particularly evident in the context of policies pertaining to the delineation of the legal and political status of minority communities
and the enforcement of their rights. The primary objective of this study is to assess the quality of ethnostatistical data employing various demographic methodologies. The findings of the research on the ethnodemographic characteristics of the Serbian population demonstrated that the data for certain national communities was of lower quality. The paper argues that census and vital statistics should serve as the foundation for the study of ethnodemographic characteristics within the population. Nevertheless, it is also proposed that alternative sources of data on ethnic communities be developed, to ensure that the specific needs of these communities are addressed in diverse, multiethnic, and multicultural societies.Editor: Natalija Miri
Spatiotemporal and trend analysis of common cancers in men in Central Serbia (1999–2021)
No full textThis study analyzes the spatiotemporal patterns of seven common cancers in the male population using 23 years of data (1999–2021) across 18 counties in Central Serbia. The spatial distribution of cancer incidence and mortality rates and their temporal evolution were examined at the county level using Getis–Ord Getis–Ord G∗i techniques, while trends were analysed with Mann-Kendall statistics. Hot spot analysis revealed a decline in mortality rates, whereas incidence rates increased. New colorectal cancer incidence hotspots emerged in three counties, while consecutive bladder cancer hotspots appeared in two counties. Conversely, new cold spots in mortality rates were found for lung and bronchus cancer in four counties, stomach cancer in two, and laryngeal cancer in one. An increasing trend in both incidence and mortality rates was identified for lung and bronchus cancer and colorectal cancer in three counties. In addition, prostate and pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality rates rose in two counties. In contrast, stomach cancer showed a decreasing trend in four counties, as did laryngeal cancer in two. This research enhances public health efforts by identifying vulnerable areas, assessing current health strategies, and guiding new interventions
Innovative approache to forest management in the context of the sustainable development goals
No full textThe world and Europe face interlinked challenges that will intensify in the coming decades: increasing demand for food, water, materials and energy while mitigating and adapting to climate change and reversing environmental degradation, including biodiversity loss, nutrient emissions and land degradation. Although forest resources in Serbia are an important resource for economic growth, especially in rural areas, the traditional approach to their management and utilization is still predominant. This approach is characterized by its reliance on timber as the primary forest product, while other forest products are largely neglected and their economic valuation is often non-existent. In addition, a certain amount of wood biomass is left in the forest even though it could be economically exploited or offered to the market with minimal investment in infrastructure and technological solutions that would allow it to be used more effectively. Tackling these major challenges while promoting social, economic and environmental prosperity requires an innovative approach. Continuous transfer of know-how methods, capacity building in the field of forest management through the application of GIS and remote sensing technologies, climate smart forestry and the concept of circular bioeconomy is a possible way to improve the current situation in forestry and achieve some of the sustainable development goals
Participatory Planning in Mining Areas – The Research Outline of the MINIPART Project
No full textThis paper presents the research outline of the MINIPART project – Improving Participation in Spatial Planning of Mining Areas. The project is developed and supported under the PRISMA program by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, grant #7598. It addresses issues arising from large-scale mineral extraction, which often leads to substantial changes in local communities and the environment, predominantly negative ones (e.g. monofunctional economy; environmental degradation; health issues; and resettlement). Opposition from communities and experts against mining in Serbia has intensified since the 2000s, underscoring the significance of meaningful public participation in urban and regional planning of mining areas. MINIPART is designed as an exploratory study that employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Its objective is to identify the most suitable participation methods, tested and tailored to stakeholders in mining areas, including vulnerable groups. A database of participatory methods will be developed through a literature review, insights gained from a study visit to a mining area abroad, and discussions with external collaborators. Best-tailored methods will be selected through a survey in the case study mining area – the City of Bor and Majdanpek Municipality – as well as interviews with stakeholders and testing with focus groups. The novelty of this project lies in the active involvement of diverse stakeholders in the development of the most appropriate participatory methods.Editor: Mladen Šoški