Journal of Mechatronics and Artificial Intelligence in Engineering
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The importance of a realistic leakage evaluation to support public awareness and acceptance for carbon capture and storage
Get PDFCarbon Capture and Storage is not only highly recommended by the IPCC as a mechanism to significantly lower carbon emissions to the atmosphere, it is now also gaining traction in terms of large-scale implementation. Its importance is increasing in many parts of the world to directly decrease emissions from industrial sources, but also to lower the carbon footprint of blue hydrogen production. With most CCS projects being planned for offshore locations, public acceptance is less of a determining factor than it used to be 10-20 years ago, where discussions were rather for onshore locations. CO2 leakage has always been a risk highlighted in the public debate, while no or minimal leakage has been reported for current CCS projects worldwide. However, as scientific community, we need to realistically highlight the risk of leakage across sealing units for CO2 stored to inform various stakeholders like regulators, the public and of course also operating companies. Caprock leakage needs to be studied across various length and time scales, considering the undisturbed matrix as well as fracture networks and faults; we need to consider advective and diffusive flow and transport and incorporate mineral alterations, potentially leading to changes in hydraulic or mechanical properties. This talk will highlight the current state of research, advancements and future research required for a realistic evaluation of caprock leakage. It will be based on past research related to matrix transport as well as current research focusing on single and multiphase flow along faults and fractures
Treatment of vertical problems with jaw functional orthopedics based on scientific evidence. Part 1: anterior open bite
Get PDFThe vertical problems of the stomatognathic system that alter the overbite, either by increasing in the deep bite (DB) or decreasing in the anterior open bite (AOB), are among the great challenges of the dentofacial corrections in the treatment and the retention and stability protocols. It is always good to report that a correct diagnosis is fundamental in the choice of treatment protocol and that skeletal involvement, be it hyper divergence in case of open bite or hypo divergence in case of deep bite, aggravates the problem and as a rule tends to increase treatment and containment time. In this paper the state of art of AOB treatment with Jaw Functional Orthopedics (JFO) will be discussed. It should be emphasized that JFO has a unique diagnostic tool for changes in vertical growth of the face, the Articular Compass, developed by Simões. Studies show that the use of treatment protocols developed by Simões, the SNs (SN2, SN3, SN6) act in the increase of overbite efficiently (P= 0.003) in cases of open bite. This is weak evidence, due to the design of the study, but with promising results, so Randomized Clinical Trials are needed to investigate if these results are replicable
The interface between dental topography and functional appliances accessories
Get PDFDental topography can be defined as the division of receptive fields that we have in the crown of the tooth. It is necessary that we understand this concept very well because it makes all the difference in clinical practice. We need to understand the receptive fields of the tooth, and we must use this knowledge when prescribing accessories for a functional appliance, understanding its function and where these accessories should touch to generate the expected effect. In this paper we will discuss the fundamentals of dental topography and show some accessories used on the therapeutic arsenal of Jaw Functional Orthopedics
Tongue-and lip-tie beyond breastfeeding difficulties
Get PDFThe diagnosis and treatment of tethered oral tie tissues, such as ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) and lip-tie, have grown substantially. Although robust evidence indicates that these abnormal anatomic variations are associated with breastfeeding difficulties, impaired craniofacial growth, sleep, speech and posture in children, both diagnosis and treatment of oral ties remain controversial. The oral cavity displays considerable morphological variation across individuals. One of these variations includes tight, restrictive connective tissue between oral structures known as tethered oral tie tissues (TOTs). The clinical view regarding these anomalies has evolved with increasing interest not only in tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) but also in lip-tie [1-3]. Ankyloglossia has been considered a risk factor for breastfeeding difficulties [4-16]. Recent evidence indicates that TOTs can be also associated with whole-body consequences, such as reflux, dental malocclusion, and respiratory disorders, ultimately increasing the risk of sleep and speech disorders, and detrimental changes in posture and eating patterns [13, 17-25]. The prevalence of TOTs is highly variable across populations and is still a matter of ample debate. Currently, there is a lack of consensus on diagnosis criteria, best surgical treatment techniques, and pre- and post-surgery care [19, 26, 27]. Yet, the diagnosis and surgical treatment of TOTs have substantially increased in recent years [28-31]. This mini-review will summarize evidence-based data regarding the cascade of consequences of tongue-tie and lip-tie in children and the main signs and symptoms of these anomalies in newborns. It will also discuss the available evidence on treatment options for TOTs, including pre- and post-surgical care that may enable better outcomes and prevention of possible complications. For a better understanding, tongue-tie and lip-tie will be addressed separately
Effect of defect distribution on thermal expansion coefficient of eutectic composite ceramics
Get PDFBased on Eshelby’s equivalent inclusion theory, the four-phase model and the interaction direct derivative estimate, the prediction model of effective thermal expansion coefficient of composite containing multiple types of inclusion in anisotropic matrix was established. The effective thermal expansion coefficient of eutectic composite containing defects was calculated. And then the influence of defects and inclusions on the effective thermal expansion coefficient is discussed in detail. The results show that the influence of inclusions will be amplified by defects when there are multiple inclusions in the matrix. Therefore, the interaction direct derivative estimate cannot accurately predict the influence of defect distribution on thermal expansion coefficient of eutectic composite ceramics
Construction and benchmark of an autonomous tracked mobile robot system
Get PDFRobots require a certain set of skills to perceive and analyse the environment and act accordingly. For tracked mobile robots getting good odometry data from sensory information is a challenging key prerequisite to perform in an unstructured dynamic environment, thus an essential issue in the tracked mobile robotics domain. In this article, we construct a ROS-based tracked mobile robot system taking the Jaguar V4 mobile robot as the base platform. On which several visual odometry solutions based on different cameras and methods (Intel RealSense T265, Zed camera, RTAB-Map RGBD) are integrated and benchmark comparison is performed. Analysis of new challenges faced by different methods while applied on a tracked vehicle as well as recommendations and conclusions are presented. Intel RealSense T265 solution proved to perform well in uncertain conditions which involves bounded vibrations and low lighting conditions with low latency, which result in good map generation. Further evaluations with a path planning algorithm and Intel RealSense T265 were conducted to test the effect of the robot’s motion profiles on odometry data accuracy
A convolutional neural network method based on Adam optimizer with power-exponential learning rate for bearing fault diagnosis
Get PDFThe extraction of early fault features from time-series data is very crucial for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in bearing fault diagnosis. To address this problem, a CNN framework based on identity mapping and Adam optimizer is presented for learning temporal dependencies and extracting fault features. The introduction of four identity mappings allows the deep layers to directly learn the data from the shallow layers, which alleviates the gradient disappearance problem caused by the increase of network depth. A new Adam optimizer with power-exponential learning rate is proposed to control the iteration direction and step size of CNN method, which solves the problems of local minima, overshoot or oscillation caused by the fixed values of the learning rates during the updating of network parameters. Compared to existed methods, the identification accuracy of the proposed method outperformed that of other methods for bearing fault diagnosis
Occlusal plane parallel to camper plane: reality or fallacy? A tomographic study on human Sambaqui skeletal remains
Get PDFIntroduction: Since long time ago, dentists had used parallelism with Camper plane as a reference to establish a correct occlusal plane. However, in the literature, there are several different landmarks used to trace the occlusal plane and there are also many researchers questioning this parallelism. To evaluate it, we used ancient skulls from Human Sambaqui skeletal remains. The authors choose an ancient population because they were submitted to same environmental conditions, avoiding bias in craniofacial growth epigenetic stimuli. Methodology: For this work we analyzed tomographies of 27 well preserved adult skulls. The program used was Vista Dent Pro 2.1. Camper plane was determined according to the original points described by Peter Camper. We used the four occlusal planes more cited in the literature. Results: None of the occlusal planes evaluated on this study, showed parallelism with Camper plane. The occlusal plane determined by posterior teeth was the one that showed less divergence but still with a high SD and mediana. Conclusion: In Sambaqui ancient population, Camper plane was not a reliable reference to trace occlusal plane. It is necessary further investigations to find a better reference for prosthetic, orthodontic, functional orthopedics or orthognathic surgery purpose
Editor’s Letter. Use of computational simulation by Finite Element Method in Jaw Functional Orthopedics. Is it possible and feasible?
Get PDFFrequency splitting approach using wavelet for energy management strategies in fuel cell ultra-capacitor hybrid system
Get PDFUsing frequency splitting, two energy management strategies (EMS) based on Haar wavelet decomposition and Fourier analysis for fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV) are proposed to manage efficiently the power flow between components. The paper aims to discuss the performances of the proposed EMS in terms of dynamic behavior, robustness operation, real time application and fuel economy. For apply this methodology, two EMS approaches are elaborated and successfully tested for parallel Fuel Cell/UC: conventional approach using Fourier Transform analysis (FT) and Wavelet analysis approach allowing natural frequency splitting. Finally, and to evaluate the performance and relevance of the developed approach, a comparison analysis were conducted. The simulation results exhibit the effectiveness of both strategies. Indeed, Wavelet analysis leads to better results in terms of energy flow and dynamic behavior, excellent robustness and stability of system, as well as energy economy improvement. A very relevant strategy is proposed based on Wavelet analysis using digital filtering techniques, which enables a natural frequency splitting to ensure the best global performances. In addition, the approach remains simple and suitable for real time operation