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Objectives of Teaching and Interactive Learning
Get PDFAn important aspect of teaching is to promote learners’ awareness and an appropriate learning strategy can enhance success with the learning task. The different types of Strategies like Memory, Cognitive, Compensation, Social Strategies and skills provide the learners with the opportunity to practice progress in their own way. The main role of the English teacher is to help students discover effective approaches to learning and to stimulate knowledge and provides kills to the learners. They must adapt various approaches to teaching in order to serve the needs of the students. Teaching methodologies define specific roles for a teacher as an analyst, curriculum developer, counselor, mentor, and a researcher. Researchers of class room interaction have developed observational systems to describe and classify patterns of student-teacher interaction. Teachers create their own roles within the classroom based on their theories of teaching and learning. A more recent model of teaching used in mainstream education, known as active teaching reflects the management and monitoring of learning as a primary role for teachers. The study highlights the ways in which the teachers and learners can collaboratively engage in developing effective approaches to interactive learning
From Alienation to Assimilation: Exploring Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake
Get PDFJhumpa Lahiri’s novel The Namesake is a kaleidoscope of the different shades of the individual relationships, the conflicts and confusions of the characters along with the cultural dilemma of the immigrants. The novel explores the diasporic conflict of the hyphenated identities of Indian-Americans. The immigrants in the novel live a confused existence as Indian-American, American-Indian and Overseas-Born-Indian. Being a foreigner is a sort of lifelong pregnancy for Ashima- a perpetual wait, a constant burden and an on-going responsibility. The novel focuses on cross-cultural conflicts, trauma and aspirations of the two generations of expatriates, Ashoke and Ashima who are not inclined towards getting Americanised, while Gogol and Sonia, the second-generation migrants face the intense pressure to be loyal to the old world and fluent to the new
Study of Marginalization of Women in Rama Mehta's Inside the Haveli
Get PDFIn the social structure of this world, there are various forms of people like class, community, caste, religion or gender, suffering from the dominated sensibility of social, political, economical or ethical values but their exploitation has been general in the tendency of common perception. The close observation of these people is categorized under the head of marginalization. Marginalized people are often defined socially, politically, culturally and legally deprived of their ‘rights’ as human beings in every sphere of life and cultural society. The various groups of people, living or surviving on the verge, can be assessed with their caste, class, religion or gender differentiations. In this regard, women’s position in the society and family has been one of the most considerable issues. The condition of women whether as masters or servants has equally been dominated and deprived of rights in the men dominated society. The present paper explores the marginalization, suppression, deprivation, gender inequality and feminine sensibility of women within the patriarchal system of the society in the novel Inside the Haveli
Analysis of Caste-Based Discrimination: Through the Spectacles of Bhimayana: Incidents in the Life of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
Get PDFThe caste-system encapsulates the agony, misery and helplessness of a low-caste group called the Untouchables. The upper class uses various means of violence, not necessarily the physical violence always and dominates these people who have a voice but are not allowed to speak. In this journey, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, became a ray of hope. Through the spectacles of Bhimayana: Incidents in the Life of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, this paper will try to analyse that Education, Money, Posts, etc lose its glory in front of the Caste-based Discrimination. This paper will try to sensitize how being born in a low-caste becomes a sinful offence. It will try to analyse how simply experiencing the trauma of a Dalit, being a Non-Dalit, is different from the harrowing experiences of being born as an Untouchable, who is compelled to face it at every step. This paper will also try to decode and justify the word “Agitation” which acts as an important weapon against the injustice
Amitav Ghosh’ Shadow Lines: Mapping Cross Border Identity
Get PDFThe Shadow Lines (1988) is a historical novel by Amitav Ghosh that focuses on the national and geographical boundaries that alienate individuals. The book also depicts the violence that erupted in 1964. The title “The Shadow Lines” has multiple layers of meanings; it does not only relate to international boundaries. Ghosh’s choice of the title implies that the boundaries that divide people are just ‘shadows’. Those borders are nothing but artificial and fictitious lines drawn by people from power centre. Ghosh emphasises arbitrary nature of such geographic demarcations. This paper tends to identify the identity of people who did cross geographical borders forcefully or voluntarily and how memory and nostalgia loom large upon them
Bojack Horseman’s Existentialism and the Nuances of Representation of Mental Health
Get PDFContemporary pop culture and media, especially the ones targeted at young individuals, are beginning to get the rightful recognition, deservedly so. Psychologists, researchers are shifting the focus on the validity of media (Broadcast media in particular like Television, Podcasts, in shaping one’s perception of mental health and illness. OTT platforms such as Amazon Prime, Netflix, and Hotstar, among many others, and the content produced on those have exponentially influenced the lives of so many. As they exercise more freedom than traditional media, they explore uncharted territories in terms of their content, as is obvious because of the lack of censorship. OTT platforms have observed an upward curve in their popularity and usage, especially on account of the depiction of varied themes and subjects like mental illness, therapy, and millennial psychology. Consumption patterns have shifted tremendously, especially in unprecedented confinement. Millennials prefer to consume a lot of online content streamed on these platforms. Qualitative descriptive data in the form of the visual text comes from the Netflix original, Bojack Horseman, while simultaneously applying autoethnographic research technique to understand the depiction of mental health in the show; analyzing the show’s existentialist tools to relieve millennial angst brought on by the unbearableness of human existence
Queer, Caste and Identity: Contemplating Sexuality and Subalternity in Hansda S. Shekhar’s My Father’s Garden
Get PDFDivided into three sections “Lover”, “Friend” and “Father”, Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar’s novel, My Father’s Garden (2018), traverses through caste system, politics and most specifically sexuality and its multiple orientations. Set in Jharkhand, all three sections [especially the first two] introduce us to different contours of masculinities, and their accompanying desires and alienations. Observation of sexuality in Shekhar’s works is nothing new but what is exclusive is his depiction of homosexuality or its “queer” trajectories in a marginalized, third world, tribal society. This paper seeks to examine the nuances of sexual identity, issues of queer representation, subaltern selves and complexities of caste recognition in rural queer India. Through the characters’ [like Samir, BadaBabu and the narrator himself] view, this paper also tries to explore, locate and understand the queer selves. Taking philosophical supports from the works of Spivak, Mary Mackintosh, Foucault and Judith Butler, this paper simultaneously brings out the issues like marginality, the social construction of sexuality, discourses of sexuality and gender performativity
Chetan Bhagat: Recent Readings: Mental conflicts of Indian women in One Indian Girl
Get PDFThis chapter is written to have a look at Chetan Bhagat’s novel One Indian Girl from cerebral angle to acknowledge a deviation in Indian Women’s demeanor and behaviour. Indian women’s mind is full of conflicts and confusion. They have to deal with social stereotypes. Our society believes that girls can make a successful career either or a successful home. Can’t do both together. What an astonishment! We give wings to our daughters but then she is told that she has to build a nest. So she has to forget to fly. Chetan Bhagat’s novel One Indian Girl offers a female’s anima – her goals and inclination in her thoughts and geared up to flare up and ensue at even the slightest pierce. Radhika Mehta cogitates a maiden who is a sturdy backer of feminist ideology however she has to confront the pre-determined norms of Indian society that have been set below patriarchal society because of which she has to go through numerous sorts of torments and distress. This narrative is generally about Radhika, the proponent, unveiling the exceptional elements of a modern-day Indian woman. Radhika’s social reputation influences society to a great extent that she turns into a vulnerable target of many known and unknown conditions which vexed her unfulfilled objectives of not getting bodily love and appreciation. Radhika’s unfulfilled dreams take her foundation within side the discrimination meted to her in her formative years and youth. It is a first-character narrative through the protagonist whose internal voice (named ‘Mini-me’) constantly expresses her internal feelings and the mental conflicts occurring in her thoughts
Reversing the Gaze: Subversion and Re-interpretation of Mythical Stereotypes in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Palace of Illusions
Get PDFEpics are indeed an indelible part of our existence carrying us into the timeless history where reality and fantasy blends into a harmonious whole. A diasporic women writer re-creating myth and folklore in a contemporary context and re-telling a popular epic Mahabharata from Draupadi’s perspective is monumental and extraordinary. There have been sudden inclinations on part of the contemporary writers to re-interpret the epics in a new light highlighting the women characters who have been otherwise neglected in the original story as tangible subjects. Usually, epic narratives portray women on an ideological viewpoint; women being embodiments of perseverance and forbearance, mute spectators of misery and injustice perpetrated on them. But Divakaruni re-created the women characters by assigning them a voice of their own so that they become strong enough to express their choices and by living their own bodies vis-à-vis lives. The mystifying feminine psyche of the mythical women characters is unfolded before the readers and many unknown crevices of the inner mind are laid bare. These impressions and explorations of the epic characters were actually a hidden trope for self-discovery and articulation. The Palace of Illusions is a re-creation of the illusionary, magical world of Draupadi and her dream destination and how this world gets shattered in front of her eyes is not only literal but metaphorical in course of the novel. In an attempt to re-work the epic, the contemporary women writers deviate from the usual phallocentric thrust of the epic and make Draupadi the hero of the novel; subverting the stereo-typed gendered version of an epic. Divakaruni’s fiction strives to subvert the gendered binaries looking at the epic and its magnificent characters and events through Panchaali’s gaze. Thus, the Western model of the male gaze is repudiated and the female gaze is celebrated in an altogether new form. Is the story of Mahabharata a familial clash between fraternity or a woman’s personal desire and Panchaali’s revenge which drenched the country and its inhabitants in the blood is the question that is left open-ended for the readers who revisits Mahabharata through the eyes of Draupadi vis-a-vis Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni.
 
Maya’s Materialistic Longings Resulting in Alienation and Frustration: A Feminist Reading of Anita Desai’s Cry, the Peacock
Get PDFAnita Mazumdar Desai occupies a much privileged place in the Indian Writing in English. She is known as an acclaimed Indian woman novelist who deals with the psychological problems of her women characters. She was born in 24 June 1937 in Mussoorie. Her father D.N. Majumdar was a Bengali businessman and her mother Toni Nime was a German immigrant. Anita Desai is working as Emeritus John E. Buchard Professor of Humanities at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Anita Desai got a congenial environment to learn different languages in her own home and neighbourhood. She learnt Hindi from her neighbourhood. They used to speak German, Bengali, Urdu and English at their home. She learnt English at her school. She attended Queens Mary Higher Senior Secondary School in Delhi and she did her B.A. in 1957 from the Miranda House of the University of Delhi. So far is Anita Desai literary career is concerned, she wrote her first novel Cry, the Peacock in 1963. With the help of P. Lal, they founded the publishing firm Writers Workshop. Clear Light of Day (1980) is her most autobiographical work. Her novel In Custody was enlisted for the Booker Prize. She became a creative writing teacher at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993. When she published her novel Fasting Feasting and it won the Booker Prize in 1999, she came to the limelight. She was shortlisted for the Booker Prize three times in 1980, 1984 and 1999 for her novels Clear Light of Day (1980), In Custody (1984) and Fasting Feasting (1999) respectively. She received Padma Bhushan in 2014 also. She has received Sahitya Akademi Award in 1937 for her well-known novel Fire on the Mountain. The present paper analyses the central female protagonist Maya’s materialistic pursuits which turn in a great catastrophe for her in the novel Cry, the Peacock