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Model-agnostic search for dijet resonances with anomalous jet substructure in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV
No full textThis paper presents a model-agnostic search for narrow resonances in the dijet final state in the mass range 1.8-6 TeV. The signal is assumed to produce jets with substructure atypical of jets initiated by light quarks or gluons, with minimal additional assumptions. Search regions are obtained by utilizing multivariate machine-learning methods to select jets with anomalous substructure. A collection of complementary anomaly detection methods-based on unsupervised, weakly supervised, and semisupervised algorithms-are used in order to maximize the sensitivity to unknown new physics signatures. These algorithms are applied to data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb-1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excesses above background expectations are seen. Exclusion limits are derived on the production cross section of benchmark signal models varying in resonance mass, jet mass, and jet substructure. Many of these signatures have not been previously sought, making several of the limits reported on the corresponding benchmark models the first ever. When compared to benchmark inclusive and substructure-based search strategies, the anomaly detection methods are found to significantly enhance the sensitivity to a variety of models.SC; FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador) [MoER TK202]; ERC PRG; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; DOE; NSF (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)
The effect of the LSVT-BIG protocol through telerehabilitation on balance, gait, fatigue and quality of life in parkinson's disease
No full textParkinson hastalığı motor ve motor olmayan bulgularla karakterize nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın ortaya çıkardığı bulgular günlük yaşam aktivitelerini zorlaştırmakla birlikte yaşam kalitesini ciddi oranda düşürmektedir. LSVT-BIG protokolü hastanın hareket yürütme algısını düzenleyerek normal hareket amplitüdünü geri kazandırmayı amaçlayan göreve özgü, tekrarlayıcı ve yüksek yoğunluklu egzersizleri içermektedir. Protokolün içeriği maksimal günlük egzersizler, fonksiyonel bileşen egzersizleri, hiyerarşi egzersizleri ve "büyük" yürüme (büyük amplitüdlü kol salınımı ve adım uzunluğu ile yürüme) olmak üzere dört aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız Parkinson hastalarında telerehabilitasyon tabanlı uygulanan LSVT-BIG protokolünün denge, yürüyüş, yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmaya Parkinson hastalığı tanılı 40 olgu dahil edildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastalar deney ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere iki gruba randomize edildi. Deney grubuna 4 hafta boyunca haftada 4 seans ve her seans 1 saat olacak şekilde video konferans yöntemi ile telerehabilitasyon tabanlı LSVT-BIG protokolü uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna ise aynı zaman diliminde rutin tedavilerine ek herhangi bir fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon yaklaşımı uygulanmadı. Hastalar kliniğe ilk geldiklerinde ve 4 haftanın sonunda değerlendirildi. Hastalık şiddeti ve evresi Birleşik Parkinson Hastalığı Derecelendirme Ölçeği (BPHDÖ) ve Hoehn Yahr Evrelemesi ile değerlendirildi. Denge Aktiviteye Özgü Denge Güven Ölçeği, Berg Denge Ölçeği, Tek Ayak Üzerinde Durma Testi ve Dört Adım Kare Testi ile değerlendirildi. Yürüyüş Dinamik Yürüme İndeksi, Sekiz Şekilli Yürüme Testi ile değerlendirildi. Yorgunluk Parkinson Yorgunluk Anketi ile ve yaşam kalitesi Parkinson Hastalığı Anketi-8 ile değerlendirildi. Tedavinin ardından yapılan değerlendirmede yalnızca deney grubu BPHDÖ'nün tüm bölümlerinde anlamlı iyileşme gösterdi (p0,05). Tedavi sonrası deney grubunda Dört Adım Kare Testi hariç tüm denge, yürüyüş, yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesi değerlerinde anlamlı şekilde iyileşme elde edildi (p<0,05). Tedavi sonrası Dört Adım Kare Testi ve Hoehn Yahr evresi hariç tüm değerlerde gruplar arası fark deney grubu lehine anlamlıdır (p<0,05). Parkinson hastaları rutin tedavilerine ek fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamalarına ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Video konferans yöntemi ile uygulanan telerehabilitasyon tabanlı LSVT-BIG programı denge, yürüyüş, yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde etkili bir fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon yaklaşımıdır. Programın klinikte kolay uygulanabilir olması ve telerehabilitasyona etkin bir şekilde uyarlanabilmesi sebebiyle klinikte kolaylıkla tercih edilebilir.Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that greatly impairs activities of daily living and quality of life. The LSVT-BIG protocol is a new rehabilitative approach including task-specific, repetitive, and high-intensity exercises that aim to restore normal movement amplitude by calibrating the patient's perception of movement execution. Protocol consists of four phases: maximal daily exercises, functional component exercises, hierarchy exercises, and "big" walking (walking with large amplitude arm swing and stride length). Our aim in this study was to investigate the effects of telerehabilitation-based LSVT-BIG protocol on balance, gait, fatigue and quality of life in Parkinson's disease. 40 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease were randomized into two groups: experimental and control groups. Telerehabilitation-based LSVT-BIG protocol was applied to the experimental group via video conferencing method, 4 sessions per week for 4 weeks, each session lasting 1 hour. Control group did not receive any physiotherapy rehabilitation approach. Both groups continued their routine medical treatment during study. Patients were evaluated when they first came to the clinic and at the end of 4 weeks. Disease severity and stage were assessed with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn Yahr Scale. Balance was assessed with the Activity-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, Berg Balance Scale, One-Leg Standing Test, and Four-Step Square Test. Gait was assessed with the Dynamic Gait Index and Figure-of-Eight Walking Test. Fatigue was assessed with the Parkinson Fatigue Questionnaire and quality of life with the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-8. After the treatment, only the experimental group showed significant improvement in all parts of UPDRS (p<0,05). After treatment, significant improvements were obtained in all balance, gait, fatigue and quality of life values except Four-Step Square Test in the experimental group (p<0,05). The difference between the groups in all values except the Four-Step Square Test and the Hoehn Yahr stage after treatment was significant in favor of the experimental group (p<0,05). Parkinson's patients need physiotherapy and rehabilitation practices in addition to their routine treatments. Telerehabilitation-based LSVT-BIG program implemented via video conferencing method is an effective physiotherapy and rehabilitation approach on balance, gait, fatigue and quality of life. The program can be easily preferred in the clinic because it can be easily applied in the clinic and can be effectively adapted to telerehabilitation
Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: From Description to Management
No full textBreast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) stands as a potentially debilitating consequence of breast cancer treatment, often irreversible in nature. It arises from either a diminished drainage capacity or an overload on the lymphatic system, wherein the interstitial fluid volume surpasses the lymphatic system’s transport capacity in the arm and affected areas due to the mechanical limitations of the lymphatic system. Research has shed light on the intricate pathogenesis of BCRL, revealing a complex interplay of inflammatory processes, disrupted lymphatic remodeling, and impaired lymphatic angiogenesis, compounded by various risk factors. These risk factors include the body mass index at diagnosis, subclinical edema, and cellulitis on the affected side. Treatment-related independent risk factors encompass the type of surgical procedure, the extent of lymph node removal, radiation to regional lymph nodes, and chemotherapy. BCRL can manifest at different intervals post-surgery, with the majority of cases surfacing within the initial 2 years, although it is noteworthy that BCRL can emerge even years after the conclusion of initial treatment, underscoring the necessity for prolonged monitoring and support for breast cancer survivors. Hence, early identification and timely interventions play pivotal roles in BCRL prevention. Diagnosis hinges on a comprehensive assessment of risk factors, associated symptoms, clinical signs, and physical examination. The literature offers an array of non-invasive techniques for evaluating secondary arm lymphedema. Complex decongestive therapy (CDT) stands as the widely endorsed therapeutic approach for BCRL patients, comprising manual lymphatic drainage, skin care, compression, and decongestive exercises. To improve patient outcomes and enhance their quality of life, healthcare professionals should utilize evidence-based techniques such as CDT for risk reduction, prevention, and adaptation. It is essential to address all components of CDT proactively from the outset. In addition to employing exercises and compression as preventive measures, comprehensive CDT encompasses various domains aimed at addressing BCRL. Further research is needed to determine whether CDT is more effective as a risk reduction behavior compared to its role as a management and treatment strategy. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry-Based Linear and Nonlinear Optical Characterization of GaSe Crystals for Optoelectronic Applications
No full textGallium selenide (GaSe), with its layered crystal structure and attractive optoelectronic characteristics, has emerged as a compelling material for next-generation devices. In this study, comprehensive spectroscopic ellipsometry analyses were performed to investigate the linear and nonlinear optical properties of GaSe over a wide photon energy range. The dielectric function parameters were modeled using the Wemple-DiDomenico single-oscillator approach, enabling accurate extraction of refractive index dispersion and related optical constants. Furthermore, the optical and electrical conductivity were derived and analyzed, revealing distinct features that reflect the interband transitions and charge transport behavior of the material. Nonlinear optical parameters, including the first- and third-order susceptibility as well as the nonlinear refractive index, were evaluated based on the linear dispersion data. The results confirm that GaSe exhibits strong optical responses in both the linear and nonlinear regimes, highlighting its potential for integration into optoelectronic and nonlinear frequency conversion devices
Training of trainers program in interprofessional education for health professionals in Türkiye
No full textBackground Training of Trainers Program that combines both theoretical and practical components and effectively enhance educators'competencies in interprofessional education are rarely encountered.This study aimed to design and evaluate a Training of Trainers Program in Interprofessional Education intended to enhance participants ' awareness, knowledge, and self-perceived competencies related to the design, implementation, and improvements of interprofessional education practices among healthcare educators. Methods The study was planned and conducted between June 2023 and March 2024. The two-phase Training of Trainers Program (TTP) was implemented between February 20 and 24, 2024. The first phase consisted of three-day online interactive theoretical training. Two-day face-to-face practical training was the second phase of the TTP which included interactive studies with large groups and practical activities in professional skills rooms with small groups. The practical training was based on various scenarios created by the researchers themselves. Following the TTP, all participants were assessed using a demographic data form, reflection assignment, group assignment, and multiplechoice questions. Results The TTP was found to be effective and participants benefited from the TTP. The TTP significantly increased participants'competencies across all measured dimensions, including roles-responsibilities; team and teamwork; IPE communication; lifelong learner; collaborative leadership; relationships with patients and recognizing their needs; and ethics (p = 0.001). Participants' responses to the satisfaction questionnaire showed that the program generally provided high satisfaction. High scores were given to areas, such as the enrollment process, training content, effectiveness of the trainers, and overall program satisfaction. Participants also highlighted the program's comprehensive content, applied teaching strategies, and trainer competencies, while only one participant suggested improving time management. Conclusion The TTP provide important improvement in participants'competenciesThe TTP, which was developed by blending both online and face-to-face education, is a successful program in both developing interprofessional competences and reaching the goals.TUBITAK [1129B372300447]This study was supported by TUBITAK under program 2237_A (application period 2023/2), with project number 1129B372300447, titled Training of Trainers Program in Interprofessional Education for Health Professionals (in Turkish name of project is Sagl & imath;k Profesyonelleri icin Meslekler Aras & imath; Egitimde Egitici Geli & scedil;im Programi)
Satisfaction levels of patients with musculoskeletal problems treated with physical therapy modalities: A multi-center study
No full textObjectives: This study aims to assess patients' level of satisfaction with physical therapy modalities from different centers in T & uuml;rkiye. Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire in the Treatment with the Physical Therapy Modalities was created by the Turkish Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, the Physical Therapy Modalities Working Group and it was applied to a total of 2,466 patients (847 males, 1,619 females; mean age: 51.8 +/- 14.6 years; range, 18 to 90 years) from 13 different hospitals. The participants were selected from patients who were treated in the physical therapy and rehabilitation departments of nine universities and four training and research hospitals for musculoskeletal complaints. The questionnaire included questions assessing demographic data, disease characteristics and level of satisfaction with the treatment program. Consecutive patients that were enrolled in treatment programs for musculoskeletal problems were included in the study. Results: The cumulative rate of patients who were very satisfied and satisfied with these treatments was 54.1%. The higher the education level, the higher the satisfaction rate was. The satisfaction level of the currently employed was higher than that of retirees. The patients who were most satisfied with physical therapy were those who presented with cervical spinal complaints. The rate of patients who never received physical therapy before was 51.5%, indicating higher satisfaction levels. Outpatient physical therapy patients reported higher satisfaction rates than inpatients. The patients conveyed their satisfaction with the therapist performing the treatment and expressed their intention to choose physical therapy again, if necessary. Conclusion: Patients express high levels of satisfaction with physical therapy modalities, and they encounter minimal or no issues in practice
Design of a novel memtranstor emulator using CCIIs and experimental validation
No full textThis study introduces a new memtranstor emulator circuit using second-generation current conveyors (CCII), providing an alternative to the only existing memtranstor emulator circuit in the literature. The proposed circuit consists of three CCIIs, one analog multiplier (AD633), two grounded resistors, and three grounded capacitors. The design is implemented using 180 nm CMOS technology, and its functionality is validated through PSPICE simulations. The circuit's behavior is analyzed under various conditions including pinched hysteresis loops, Monte Carlo analysis, memory effect simulations, and temperature variation tests, all of which confirm its proper operation. Additionally, the circuit can be easily adapted between incremental and decremental memory emulators, demonstrating its versatility for various applications. The proposed emulator has been further validated through experimental implementation, confirming its feasibility for practical applications. A memtranstor-based chaotic oscillator is presented as an application example. Compared to the existing design in the literature, the proposed emulator offers several key advantages: It employs fewer active and passive components, leading to a simpler structure with the potential for more compact implementation. The absence of operational amplifiers (op-amps) improves bandwidth performance by eliminating the fixed gain-bandwidth product limitation, enabling higher gain levels at broader bandwidths. Additionally, the use of low-power CMOS parameters potentially allows for lower supply voltages, which, along with fewer components, can significantly reduce power consumption
Artificial Intelligence in Forestry: A Comprehensive Analysis of Current Applications and Future Perspectives
No full textThis study systematically analyzes artificial intelligence (AI) applications in forestry management, exploring current implementations, challenges, and future perspectives. A review of 580 articles from Web of Science (211) and Scopus (369) databases (2021-2025) identifies key themes where AI is transforming forestry practices. Forest Monitoring and Management Systems (30.4%) and Digital Transformation (23.6%) dominate current research, followed by Resource Optimization (17.1%) and Biodiversity Conservation (14.6%). Significant opportunities are noted in productivity enhancement, risk analysis, biodiversity conservation, and carbon management through AI. However, challenges such as data quality, resource constraints, operational complexities, and regulatory requirements remain. Emerging trends like human-centered AI, digital twins, and integrated sensor networks show promise. This analysis offers valuable insights for forestry professionals, researchers, and policymakers, providing a framework to understand AI's potential and limitations while emphasizing balanced integration for environmental sustainability and operational efficiency
Lightweight Hyperparameter Optimization Model for Enhancing Phishing Detection in IoT
No full textThis study presents an enhanced machine learning approach that emphasizes the optimization of hyperparameters to improve phishing detection, particularly in resource-constrained environments like Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Phishing is considered one of the most dangerous cyberattacks, where attackers can reveal sensitive information about a user's identity, password, privacy, and properties. Machine learning techniques and tools play an important role in detecting phishing and have shown to be effective and advantageous methods for detection and classification, especially for the unified resource locator (URL). The proposed model presupposes a systematic approach for feature selection as well as finding the optimized hyperparameter values for the sake of increasing the detection quality while maintaining the low computational complexity of the process. This study examines how feature set selection from a training dataset and how hyperparameter tuning can significantly improve the performance of phishing attacks. Logistic regression, random forest, gradient boosting, support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbors are used in this study. According to the experiment, we found the best hyperparameter values for each classifier and comparative results of the implemented classification algorithms showed that the Random Forest classifier achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 98% and the best hyperparameter values were 200 for the n_estimator and 20 for the max_depth
HABİRULAR: ESKİ YAKINDOĞU’DA EŞKIYA BİR TOPLULUK
No full textÇivi yazılı belgelerde ve az da olsa Mısır hiyeroglif yazısıyla tutulan kayıtlarda Habirular’ın çeşitli isimlerle zikredildikleri görülmektedir. Bu isimlerden en iyi bilinenleri LÚ.SA-GAZ, Habiru ve Apiru’dur. Eski Yakındoğu tarihinde genellikle saldırgan ve eşkıya özellikleriyle tanınan bu topluluktan çeşitli devletlerin kayıtlarında bilgiler mevcuttur. Bununla birlikte Habirular’dan en yoğun olarak söz eden vesikalar külliyatı ise Orta Mısır’dan gün yüzüne çıkarılan Amarna Mektupları’dır. Hakikaten bu mektuplar incelendiğinde özellikle Suriye-Filistin bölgesindeki şehir devletlerinden Mısır’a yazılmış olanlarda Habirular’dan çok sık söz edildiği görülmektedir. Diğer belgelerde olduğu gibi bu mektuplarda da Habiru toplulukları olumsuz davranışlarıyla anılmıştır. Belgelere bakıldığında şehirleri yağmalayan, eşkıyalık yapan, tüccarların yolunu kesen bir toplulukla karşı karşıya kalan insanların sitemleri bir hayli dikkat çekmektedir. Her ne kadar yazılı vesikalarda sık sık zikrolunan bir topluluk olsa da Habirular’ın kökeninin tespiti ise tam olarak mümkün olmamıştır. Gerek Amarna Arşivi’nden gerekse önceki dönemlerden günümüze kadar gelen vesikalar incelendiğinde Habiru topluluğunu tek bir kökene mensup insanların oluşturmadığı, daha ziyade çeşitli kavimlerden kimselerin belli nedenlerden ötürü bir araya gelmeleri sonucu böyle bir sosyal kitlenin zuhur ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu insanların ise yerleşikler arasında tutunamadıkları; meskûn mahallerden uzaklaşmak zorunda kaldıkları ya da kovuldukları öngörülmektedir. Hebrew/İbrani kelimesiyle çok yakın bir benzerlik taşımasından dolayı da bazı bilim insanları onların İbraniler’le aynı toplum olabileceğini düşünmüşlerdir. Bazı bilim insanları ise buna katılmamışlardır