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Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Vaccine Performance Assessment Scale: A Methodological Study
No full textAmaç: Bu araştırma, Fujikawa ve arkadaşları (2022) tarafından geliştirilen Aşı Uygulama Becerisi Değerlendirme Ölçeği'nin Türkçe’ ye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Metodolojik tipte tasarlanan çalışma, bir üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Ebelik Bölümünde öğrenim gören üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrenciler (n=221) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın Genişletilmiş Bağışıklama Programı kapsamında, öğrencilere sırasıyla; aşılar, uygulama basamakları, endikasyonlar, kontrendikasyonlar ve güvenli aşılama ilkelerini içeren yüz yüze teorik eğitim verilmiştir. Eğitimin ardından her öğrenci bireysel olarak aşı uygulama demonstrasyonu gerçekleştirmiş, bu sırada performansları Aşı Uygulama Becerisi Değerlendirme Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğin dil geçerliliği çeviri-geri çeviri yöntemiyle, kapsam geçerliliği ise uzman görüşü ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yapı geçerliliği için Açıklayıcı ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizleri (AFA ve DFA) kullanılmıştır. Güvenilirlik analizleri için Cronbach Alfa, test-tekrar test ve madde-toplam korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. Veriler IBM SPSS ve AMOS 22.0 yazılımları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Açımlayıcı faktör analizi; tek faktör altında toplanmış, varyansın %53,24’ünü açıklamıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçeğin iyi uyum gösterdiğini doğrulamıştır (?2/df = 2.705, CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.91 RMSEA = 0.07 , SRMR = 0.06). Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0.72, test-tekrar test korelasyon katsayısı ise r=0.74 bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Ölçeğin Türkçe formu geçerli ve güvenilirdir. Ebelik öğrencilerinin aşı uygulama becerilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla eğitim ve klinik uygulamalarda kullanılabilecek standart bir araç sunmaktadır.Aim: This study aimed to adapt the “Vaccine Performance Assessment Scale,” developed by Fujikawa et al. (2022), into Turkish and to examine its psychometric properties. Method: This methodological study was conducted with 221 third- and fourth-year midwifery students at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a public university. Within the scope of the Ministry of Health’s Expanded Immunisation Programme, students first received face-to-face theoretical training on vaccines, including administration steps, indications, contraindications, and safe vaccination practices. Following the training, each student performed an individual demonstration of vaccine administration, during which their performance was evaluated using the Vaccine Performance Assessment Scale. Language validity was assessed using the forward–backward translation method, and content validity was evaluated through expert opinion. Construct validity was tested using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest analysis, and item-total correlations. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS and AMOS 22.0 software. Results: EFA Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor explaining 53.24% of the variance. CFA demonstrated a good model fit (?²/df = 2.705, CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.06). The internal consistency coefficient was ? = 0.72, and the test–retest reliability coefficient was r = 0.74. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the scale was found to be a valid and reliable tool. It can be effectively used to evaluate midwifery students’ vaccine administration skills in both educational and clinical settings
Foreign direct investment in the era of raising nationalism: a bibliometric analysis and a proposal for future research
No full textPurpose: This study aims to assess the situation of a nascent field of research dealing with the impact of nationalism on foreign direct investment (FDI) by providing a general overview of the field, critically reviewing the literature to identify the gaps and making suggestions for future research directions. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a combination of a bibliometric analysis and a critical literature review. A total of 154 papers were included in the sample. They were selected from the Web of Science database based on specific criteria. Findings: The study concluded with the presentation of the key descriptive information – most prolific authors, journals, affiliations, countries and disciplines; number of publications per year; and most cited articles – from the bibliometric analysis to illustrate the structure of the literature. Moreover, the critical discussion focused on six main categories: constituents of nationalism, types of nationalism, relevant ideologies, related actors, outcomes of nationalism and the contexts investigated. Furthermore, the need for further empirical research to shed light on the relationship between nationalism and FDI was emphasized and suggestions for future research directions were made. Originality/value: This study represents one of the pioneering attempts to comprehensively examine the relationship between nationalism and FDI. Moreover, the systematic review of the methodical sections of the articles examined and the suggestions made have the potential to contribute to improving the quality of future research in this area. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The effect of stimulation rate variable on music perception in cochlear implant
No full textGiriş ve Amaç: Cochlear implant sistemlerinin uyarlama parametreleri kullanıcıların sesleri algılama beceri üzerinde önemli ölçüde etkilidir. Stimulation rate parametresi cochlear implant sistemlerinin fitting parametreleri arasında sesin zamansal çözünürlüğünü önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Stimulation rate parametresinin, sesin zamansal özelliklerini bünyesinde barındıran müziğin algılanması üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Materyal Metot: Çalışmaya 27 cochlear implantlı birey dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların müzikal algı becerilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Anadolu Ünverstes Müzk Algı Test(AMAT) kullanılmıştır. Her katılımcı 250 pps/ch, 900 pps/ch, 1800 pps/ch stimulation rate değerleri ile ayarlanmış mapler ile müzikal algı testine tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular: Stimulation rate değerlerindeki değişimin müzikal algı testinin sonuçları üzerinde istatistiksel anlamlı bir farklılık ortaya çıkarmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların yaş, cinsiyet, işitme cihazı takma yaşı, işitme cihazı kullanım süresi, cochlear implantasyon yaşı, cochlear implant kullanım süresi ile müzikal algı testinin sonuçları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma ve Sonuç: Stimulation rate değerlerindeki değişikliğin müzikal algı becerileri üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılığın ortaya çıkarmamasının sebebi cochlear implant sistemlerinin nöral yapıları uyarma yöntemleri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Katılımcıların yaş, tanılanma yaşı, cinsiyet, işitme cihazı takma yaşı, işitme cihazı kullanım süresi, cochlear implantasyon yaşı, cochlear implant kullanım süresi ile müzikal algı testinin sonuçları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmaması; deneyimlenmemiş mapler ile yapılan test, preimplantasyon işitme eşikleri, nöral ateşleme mekanizmalarından bir veya birkaçının birden etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir.Introduction and Purpose: The fitting parameters of cochlear implant systems have a significant effect on the ability of users to perceive sounds. The stimulation rate parameter significantly affects the temporal resolution of sound among the fitting parameters of cochlear implant systems. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the stimulation rate parameter on the perception of music, which contains the temporal characteristics of sound. Material Method: 27 individuals with cochlear implants were included in the study. Anadolu University Music Perception Test (AMAT) was used to evaluate the musical perception skills of the participants. Each participant was subjected to the musical perception test with maps adjusted with stimulation rate values of 250 pps/ch, 900 pps/ch, 1800 pps/ch. Findings: It was determined that the change in stimulation rate values did not reveal a statistically significant difference on the results of the musical perception test. It was determined that there was no significant relationship between the participants age, gender, including age of hearing aids, duration of hearing aid usege, age of cochlear implantation, duration of cochlear implant usage, age at diagnosis and the results of the musical perception test. Discussion and Conclusion: The reason why the change in stimulation rate values did not reveal a significant difference in musical perception skills is thought to be the methods of cochlear implant systems to stimulate neural structures. The fact that there is no significant relationship between the participants age, gender, including age of hearing aids, duration of hearing aid usage, age of cochlear implantation, duration of cochlear implant usage, age at diagnosis and the results of the musical perception test; It is thought that one or more of the following factors are effective: the test with an inexperienced mapper, preimplantation hearing thresholds, and neural firing mechanisms
Surgical and non-surgical treatments in pleural empyema plevral ampiyemde cerrahi ve cerrahi olmayan tedaviler
No full textObjective: Increasing number of patients are developing complicated pleural infection. We aimed at revealing the differences of treatment modalities performed in patients with empyema. Methods: Patients those had been diagnosed and treated for empyema were assessed in a retrospective design. For the definitive diagnosis of empyema, thoracentesis was made. We categorized the patients in two groups as therapeutic drainage (group 1) and open Results: A total of 360 patients, 57 of whom were women, were included. Tube drainage was applied to the patients in group 1, and therapeutic thoracentesis was applied to those not suitable for drainage. Patients who did not provide adequate drainage due to loculation were deloculated with fibrinolytic agent or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. In patients with advanced empyema with multiloculation an
Supportive responses to capitalization and relational well-being: The Moderating role of authenticity in relationships
No full textMevcut çalışma, pozitif olay paylaşımına yönelik destekleyici tepki vermeye ilişkin algı ile ilişkisel iyilik hali arasındaki ilişkide, evlilik ilişkisinde otantik olmanın düzenleyici rolünü ve pozitif olay paylaşımına yönelik destekleyici tepki almaya ilişkin algı ile ilişkisel iyilik hali arasındaki ilişkide, evlilik ilişkisinde partnerini otantik algılamanın düzenleyici rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada örneklem 363'ü kadın olmak üzere 18 yaş ve üzeri 407 evli bireyden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında pozitif olay paylaşımına yönelik destekleyici tepkiler, ilişki doyumu, bağlanım ve ilişkide otantiklik ölçümü yapılmıştır ve çevrim içi olarak veri toplanmıştır. Çalışma verilerinin analizi için regresyon analizi ile birlikte, PROCESS Macro kullanılarak düzenleyicilik analizi yapılmıştır. Mevcut çalışmada ilişki doyumu ve bağlanım olmak üzere iki ilişkisel iyilik hali çıktı değişkeni için analizler ayrı bir şekilde yapılmıştır. Çalışma bulguları pozitif olay paylaşımında partnerden alınan destekleyici tepkilerin ilişki doyumu ve bağlanımla pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişkisi olduğunu, partnere verilen destekleyici tepkilerin de aynı şekilde hem ilişki doyumu hem de bağlanım ile pozitif şekilde ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Düzenleyicilik analizi sonuçlarına göre paylaşıma verilen tepkiler ve ilişki doyumu arasındaki ilişkide kişinin kendini ilişkide otantik algılamasının düzenleyici rolünün anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Öte yandan aynı ilişki bağlanım çıktısı ile tekrarlandığında, düzenleyicilik anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Paylaşımdan alınan destekleyici partner tepkileri ve ilişki doyumu arasındaki ilişkide partnerin ilişkide otantik algılanmasının düzenleyicilik etkisi anlamlı bulunmazken; bağlanım çıktısı kullanıldığında bu ilişkide partnerin ilişkide otantik olarak algılanmasının anlamlı bir düzenleyicilik rolü olduğu bulunmuştur. Mevcut çalışma, evlilik ilişkisinde pozitif olay paylaşımı sürecinde alınan ve verilen tepkilerin algılanma şeklinin pozitif ilişki çıktılarına etkisinde otantikliğin düzenleyici rolüne ilişkin bilgi sunmaktadır.The present study aims to examine the moderating role of being authentic in the relationship between the perception of receiving supportive responses to capitalization and relational well-being, and the moderating role of perceiving one's partner as authentic in the relationship between the perception of receiving supportive responses to capitalization and relational well-being. The study sample consists of 407 married individuals, 363 of whom were female, aged 18 and over. In this study, supportive responses to capitalization, relationship satisfaction, commitment, and authenticity in relationship were measured and data were collected online. Moderation analysis was conducted using PROCESS Macro together with regression analysis to analyze the study data. Within the scope of the current study, analyzes were conducted separately for two relational well-being outcome variables, relationship satisfaction and commitment. The study findings showed that supportive reactions received from the partner during capitalization were positively and significantly related to relationship satisfaction and commitment, and supportive responses given to the partner were also positively related to both relationship satisfaction and commitment. According to the results of the moderation analysis, it was seen that the moderating role of the person's perception of himself/herself as authentic in the relationship was significant in the relationship between the responses given to sharing and relationship satisfaction. On the other hand, no significance was found when the same relationship was repeated with the commitment output. While the moderating effect of the partner's perception of himself/herself as authentic in the relationship was not found to be significant in the relationship between the supportive partner responses received from sharing and relationship satisfaction; when the commitment output was used, it was found that the partner's perception of being authentic in the relationship had a significant moderating role. The current study provides information about the moderating role of authenticity in the effect of the perception of the responses received and given during the process of capitalization in the marital relationship on positive relationship outcomes
The effect of music on fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress: A single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial
No full textBackgroundPatients feel pain and distress when a needle is inserted into the fistula. This affects the comfort of patients. One of the nonpharmacological methods used to decrease pain and stress is music intervention.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to assess the effect of Turkish classical music in makams, which the patients preferred, via headphones on fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress.DesignIt was single-blind randomised controlled study.ParticipantsThis study was conducted with 54 patients between March and June 2023.MeasurementsThe patient data were collected through a patient information form, visual analogue scale and distress thermometer. The intervention group was played music for 10 min, starting 5 min before the needle was inserted into the fistula. The music intervention was made in accordance with the established music protocol. The control group received only routine treatment.ResultsPatients in the intervention group were found to have a significant decrease in fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress.ConclusionAccording to the results obtained from the research, music listening to patients is a reliable, effective and low-cost way of a nursing intervention to reduce levels of fistula needle insertion-related pain intensity and pain distress. Additionally, the results will provide evidence-based guidance to dialysis nurses for pain and distress management
Demographics and clinical features of pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis: a single-center study from Western Turkey
No full textBackground Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease that has significant effects on the quality of life of people and exhibits different phenotypic features with different clinical findings. By analyzing the data of pediatric patients, we aimed to reveal the relationship between demographic and laboratory data and clinical features and to gain awareness about allergic rhinitis phenotypes in children. Methods Demographic data, clinical complaints, physical examination findings, and atopy biomarkers are retrospectively analyzed to assess the impact of aeroallergens on the disease phenotype. Results In a study of 301 AR patients (median age 11 years; 66.1% male), sneezing (79.1%) was the most common complaint, and pallor of the nasal mucosa was the primary examination finding (83.1%). Persistent symptoms were reported by 62.1%, and 60.5% were polysensitized. Notably, 42.5% had asthma, often associated with concurrent sensitization to mold or animal dander (p <= 0.05). Pollen was the most prevalent allergen (65.8%), with significant increases in sensitization to pollen (p < 0.001) and animal dander (p = 0.003) with age. Patients with pollen sensitization reported more sneezing (p = 0.026) and persistent symptoms (p <= 0.05). Nasal congestion was predominantly seen in house dust mite-sensitized patients (78.4% with concha hypertrophy, p < 0.001). Overall, it was found that 59.7% of monosensitized patients and 63.7% of polysensitized patients reported persistent complaints. Conclusion This study, conducted in Western Turkey with 301 allergic rhinitis patients, revealed a high prevalence of polysensitization, particularly to pollen and animal dander. Polysensitized patients were older, exhibited higher IgE levels, and more frequently reported sneezing and rhinorrhea. Furthermore, polysensitization was linked to more persistent and severe symptoms, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies for these patients. Our findings highlight the importance of developing individualized and region-specific approaches to enhance the effectiveness of allergic rhinitis management
Assessment of an Underground Dams Site Selection in İZMİR Province by Using MAIRCA and EDAS Methods
No full textUnderground dam site selection is the process of selecting locations for dams constructed for the storage and management of groundwater to ensure the sustainable use of water resources. Underground dams store groundwater by utilizing underground aquifers, enabling more efficient and effective utilization of water resources. Particularly, the importance of underground dams has been observed to increase with global warming. They play a crucial role in various aspects, especially during periods of drought, in meeting agricultural irrigation and drinking water needs, among others. The construction of underground dams requires the simultaneous consideration of numerous criteria, thus turning the construction process into a decision-making problem. This decision problem is referred to in the literature as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In this study, the site selection problem for a underground dam to be established in the province of Izmir has been addressed. In the problem at hand, there are five different alternatives consisting of districts within the province of Izmir and ten different criteria. These criteria and alternatives were determined by experts. In the study, the weights of the criteria were determined using the MAIRCA method, and the EDAS method was used for the selection of alternative locations. As a result of the study, Kınık district was identified as the most suitable alternative among the selected districts
SCOLICIDAL POTENCY OF BILE AGAINST ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
No full textCysto-biliary fistulas are commonly diagnosed, either before or after surgical intervention, in patients with enlarged or advanced-stage hydatid cysts (HCs). Analysis of cystic contents in these patients shows that diminished scolex vitality is more common in patients with cysto-biliary fistulas. This study aims to demonstrate the scolicidal effects of bile on Echinococcus granulosus (EG) scolices at various bile concentrations and over specific periods. The time- and concentration-based scolicidal potency was analyzed in EG scolex samples obtained from HC patients. The integrity of the cyst wall and the scolicidal effect of the contents were evaluated using a vital staining technique with 0.1% eosin. Bile samples were collected from patients with cholelithiasis who were scheduled for surgery. Scolicidal efficacy of 100% was observed in all samples at the 1/4 bile concentration after 10 min and at the 1/8 concentration after 60 min. At a 1/16 concentration, scolicidal efficacy was 66% at 1 min, 89% at 10 min, 93% at 30 min, and 98% at 60 min. At a 1/32 bile concentration, scolicidal efficacy was 59% at 1 min, 68% at 10 min, 89% at 30 min, and 95% t 60 min. At a 1/64 concentration, the scolicidal efficacy was 53% at 1 min, 58% at 10 min, 77% at 30 min, and 93% at 60 min. After 1 hr, reasonable scolicidal efficacy was determined up to a 1/64 concentration; however, significant decreases in scolicidal efficacy were observed at 1/128 and 1/256 bile concentrations. Theoretically, bile, which is an endogenous secretion, can be used as a suitable and potent scolicidal agent. This study lays the groundwork for future in vivo clinical trials utilizing synthetic bile acids for scolicidal purposes or for studies evaluating the scolicidal effects of bile in patients who develop cysto-biliary fistulas
Clinical decision making in speech sound disorder: A mixed methods study
No full textBu çalışma, dil ve konuşma terapistlerinin (DKT), konuşma sesi bozukluklarında (KSB) klinik karar verme süreçlerini anlama ve açıklama amacıyla karma araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, DKT'lerin değerlendirme, terapiyi planlama, yürütme ve sonlandırma şeklinde tanımlanabilecek müdahale süreçlerinde nasıl karar verdikleri ve bu kararlara etki eden etmenler detaylı biçimde incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın nitel bölümünde 16 katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş, nicel kısmında oluşturulan çevrimiçi anketle 150 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, KSB'ye yönelik klinik karar verme süreçlerinin sabit değil, danışanın özelliklerine, ailenin katılımına, terapistin bilgi birikimi ve deneyimine, çalışma ortamına göre şekillendiğini göstermektedir. Değerlendirme sürecinde terapistlerin standardize testleri, doğal konuşma örneklerini ve aile görüşmelerini birlikte kullandıkları görülmüştür. Hedef ses seçiminde evrensel ölçütlerin yanında çocuğun bireysel özellikleri, motor yeterliliği, motivasyon düzeyi ve istekleri, ebeveyn tercihleri gibi çok boyutlu unsurların belirleyici olduğu dikkat çekmiştir. Terapi yöntemi seçiminde ise, geleneksel artikülasyon terapisi yüksek oranda kullanılmakla birlikte, nitel bulgular terapistlerin sıklıkla eklektik ve vaka temelli karar verme eğiliminde olduğunu da ortaya koymuştur. Müdahale sürecini yürütürken ödev verme yaygın bir aile katılım stratejisi olarak kullanılmasına rağmen ödev takibinin sistematik yapılmadığı dikkat çekmiştir. Terapi sonlandırma kararları ise genellikle çocuğun hedef sesleri genelleme düzeyine ulaşması ve standart testlerden alınan sonuçlara göre verilmektedir. Müdahale sürecinde karşılaşılan zorluklara bakıldığında, katılımcılar özellikle aile katılımı, değerlendirme araçlarının yetersizliği, çalışılan ortam, zaman yönetimi ve motivasyon problemleri alanlarında sürecin karmaşıklığını ve iyileştirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Öte yandan, mesleki eğitimlerin kalitesi, materyal desteği ve kurum içi işleyişin süreci kolaylaştırıcı etkileri olduğu ifade edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çalışmanın bulguları, klinik karar verme sürecinin bireyselleştirilmiş, dinamik ve çok boyutlu olduğunu, etkili bir terapi süreci için hem sistemsel hem de çevresel desteklerin gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kapsamda, aile katılımını artırmaya yönelik stratejiler geliştirilmesi, değerlendirme ve terapi araçların güncellenmesi ve artırılması, mesleki eğitimin daha nitelikli hale getirilmesi ve multidisipliner çalışmanın yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.This study used a mixed methods research design to understand and explain the clinical decision-making processes of speech and language therapists (SLTs) working with speech sound disorder (SSD). The study examined how SLTs make decisions in the intervention processes including assessment, planning,conductingand terminating therapy, and the factors influencing these decisions. In the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 participants. For the quantitative part 150 participants completed online questionnaire. The results of the study show that clinical decision-making processes for SSD are not fixed, but are shaped by the characteristics of the client, the involvement of the family, the knowledge and experience of the therapist, and the working environment. It was observed that therapists used standardized tests, natural speech samples and family interviews together in the assessment process. In addition to universal criteria, multidimensional factors such as the child's individual characteristics, motor competence, motivation level and desires, and parental preferences were found to be decisive in the selection of the target voice. Regarding the choice of therapy method, although traditional articulation therapies continued to be used at a high rate, qualitative findings also revealed that therapists tended to make eclectic and case-based decisions. Although homework was used as a common family participation strategy during the intervention process, it was noted that despite its use, homework follow-up was not systematic. Decisions to terminate therapy are usually based on the child's generalisation of the target phonemes and the results of standardised tests.Regarding the difficulties encountered in the intervention process, the participants revealed the complexity of the process and the need for improvement, especially in areas such as family involvement, inadequacy of assessment tools, working environment, time management difficulties and motivation problems. On the other hand, the quality of vocational trainings, the material support and the internal functioning of the institution were identified as facilitating the process. In conclusion, the results of the study show that the clinical decision-making process is individualised, dynamic and multidimensional, and that both systemic and environmental supports are necessary for an effective therapeutic process. In this context, it is recommended to develop strategies to increase family involvement, to update and increase assessment and therapy tools, to improve the quality of vocational training and to expand multidisciplinary work