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Scroll Ligament Repair in Dorsal Preservation Rhinoplasty: A Cartilage as a Guide on Nasal Skin Envelope for Suturing
No full textBackgroundThe scroll ligament provides support to the internal and external valve, and its repair in rhinoplasty provides good functional and aesthetic results. In this study, it was aimed to repair the scroll ligament complex by leaving cartilage in the nasal skin envelope, and clinical results were shared.Patients and Methods 216 patients who underwent closed preservation rhinoplasty with modified low septal strip septoplasty were included in the study. A 10 x 1 mm of cartilage is left in the nasal skin envelope at the midpoint of the cranial part of the lateral crus of the LLC, leaving it as a guide to repair the scroll ligament complex in the anatomically correct place. Demographic data, complications, revision surgeries, follow-up periods and satisfaction of the patients were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsResidual humps were observed in 2 patients. Inferior turbinate hypertrophy was observed in 4 patients. In 1 patient, total septal reconstruction was performed. Two hundred and three patients were evaluated the results as poor, moderate, good and very good. One hundred and sixteen patients rated the functional outcome as very good, 80 patients as good, 4 patients as moderate and 3 patients as poor. One hundred and twenty-eight patients rated the aesthetic result as very good, 72 as good and 3 as moderate.Conclusion Repairing the scroll ligament complex provides both internal and external valve support, better redraping and eliminating the dead space. Leaving cartilage on the nasal skin envelope as a guide helps to repair the scroll ligament complex in the anatomically correct place at the end of the surgery.Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
The Future of Surgical Diagnostics: Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Detection of Ganglion Cells for Hirschsprung Disease
No full textHirschsprung disease, a congenital disease characterized by the absence of ganglion cells, presents significant surgical challenges. Addressing a critical gap in intraoperative diagnostics, we introduce transformative artificial intelligence approach that significantly enhances the detection of ganglion cells in frozen sections. The data set comprises 366 frozen and 302 formalin-fixed-paraffinembedded hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides obtained from 164 patients from 3 centers. The ganglion cells were annotated on the whole-slide images (WSIs) using bounding boxes. Tissue regions within WSIs were segmented and split into patches of 2000 x 2000 pixels. A deep learning pipeline utilizing ResNet-50 model for feature extraction and gradient-weighted class activation mapping algorithm to generate heatmaps for ganglion cell localization was employed. The binary classification performance of the model was evaluated on independent test cohorts. In the multireader study, 10 pathologists assessed 50 frozen WSIs, with 25 slides containing ganglion cells, and 25 slides without. In the first phase of the study, pathologists evaluated the slides as a routine practice. After a 2-week washout period, pathologists re-evaluated the same WSIs along with the 4 patches with the highest probability of containing ganglion cells. The proposed deep learning approach achieved an accuracy of 91.3%, 92.8%, and 90.1% in detecting ganglion cells within WSIs in the test data set obtained from centers. In the reader study, on average, the pathologists' diagnostic accuracy increased from 77% to 85.8% with the model's heatmap support, whereas the diagnosis time decreased from an average of 139.7 to 70.5 seconds. Notably, when applied in real-world settings with a group of pathologists, our model's integration brought about substantial improvement in diagnosis precision and reduced the time required for diagnoses by half. This notable advance in artificial intelligence-driven diagnostics not only sets a new standard for surgical decision making in Hirschsprung disease but also creates opportunities for its wider implementation in various clinical settings, highlighting its pivotal role in enhancing the efficacy and accuracy of frozen sections analyses. (c) 2024 United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK); Turkish Directorate of Strategy and Budget, Turkey [2007K12-873]Mehmet Turan was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) and the Turkish Directorate of Strategy and Budget, Turkey, under TAM project number 2007K12-873. Mehmet Turan also thanks TUBITAK UlakBim for its TRUBA High-Performance Computing Service
The Urogenital System Microbiota: Is It a New Gamechanger in Urogenital Cancers?
No full textThe human microbiome, which encompasses microbial communities and their genetic material, significantly influences health and disease, including cancer. The urogenital microbiota, naturally present in the urinary and genital tracts, interact with factors such as age, lifestyle, and health conditions to affect homeostasis and carcinogenesis. Studies suggest that alterations in this microbiota contribute to the development and progression of genitourinary cancers, emphasizing the concept of oncobiome, which refers to microbial genetic contributions to cancer. Similarly, gut microbiota can influence hormone levels and systemic inflammation, impacting cancers such as cervical and prostate cancer. Advanced studies indicate that microbial communities in genitourinary cancers have distinct profiles that may serve as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota correlates with bladder and kidney cancer. Additionally, gut microbiota influence the effectiveness of cancer treatments. However, further research is necessary to clarify causality, the role of microbial metabolites, and hormonal regulation. The aim of this review is to understand that these dynamics present opportunities for innovative cancer diagnostics and therapies, highlighting the need for integration of microbiology, oncology, and genomics to explore the role of microbiota in genitourinary cancers. For this, a comprehensive search of relevant databases was conducted, applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify studies examining the association between microbiota and urogenital cancers. Research into the mechanisms by which microbiota influence urogenital cancers may pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, ultimately improving patient outcomes.KLIMUD (Society for Clinical Microbiologists of Turkiye); KLIMUD-Microbiome Restoration and Bioinformatics Study GroupWe would like to acknowledge the KLIMUD (Society for Clinical Microbiologists of Turkiye) and the KLIMUD-Microbiome Restoration and Bioinformatics Study Group for critical organization and support
The effects of the urotensin-II receptor antagonist palosuran treatment on the corpora cavernosa of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
No full textObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of treatment with palosuran, a urotensin receptor blocker, on molecular changes in the corpora cavernosa (CC) in diabetic rats. Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with palosuran 300 mg/kg per day for 6 weeks. Contraction of CC induced by potassium chloride, phenylephrine, and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and relaxation of CC induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent stimuli, respectively), and Y-27632 (Rho-kinase inhibitor) were examined in organ baths. Direct contraction or relaxation induced by palosuran and urotensin-II (U-II) were also evaluated. The expression levels of nitric oxide synthetases (NOSs), RhoA, oxidative stress regulators, and U-II were analyzed by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. Results: Induction of diabetes in rats resulted in the decreased relaxant response to SNP, decreased pD2 value of SNP, attenuated relaxant response to Y-27632 as well as the decreased RhoA expression in CC. Palosuran treatment of diabetic rats reversed all of these parameters; however, it further impaired the already weakened relaxation of diabetic CC in response to EFS. Although induction of diabetes did not change U-II expression in CC significantly, palosuran treatment reduced U-II expression in diabetic CC. The expression level of nNOS was lowered in diabetic CC; however, palosuran treatment did not change the decreased the neuronal NOS expression. In vitro exposure of diabetic CC strips to palosuran produced a direct relaxant response. Conclusion: Palosuran treatment did not affect the expression of NOSs or reduce nitrergic conduction induced by EFS stimulation in diabetic CC. However, while directly triggering a relaxant response, it did not induce a prominent contraction either by decreasing U-II expression, or increasing the sensitivity of CC to nitric oxide which suggested that palosuran has the potential to support erectile function. Further and comprehensive studies are required to clarify this issue. (c) 2025 Editorial Office of Asian Journal of Urology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [110S016]; TUBITAKThis study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the Grant Number 110S016; the authors thank to TUBITAK for their supports. We would also like to thank Prof. Marc Inglarz and Actelion Company (Basel, Switzerland) for providing the palosuran used in this study
Enhanced luminescence and quenching mechanisms in Na⁺ Co-doped K₇CaY₂(B₅O₁₀)₃:Tb3+ phosphors under UV radiation
No full textThis study investigates the structural and luminescent properties UV radiation of Tb³⁺-doped K₇CaY₂(B₅O₁₀)₃ (KCYBO) phosphors prepared using a microwave-assisted sol-gel method, with a focus on the impact of Na⁺ co-doping. Tb³⁺ ions were effectively integrated as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld analysis, without disrupting the crystal structure. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed intense green emissions at 542 nm, which are due to the 5D₄ → 7F₅ transition in Tb³⁺. Optimal luminescence was observed at 3 wt% Tb³⁺, beyond which concentration quenching effect was driven by non-radiative cross-relaxation between adjacent Tb³⁺ ions. Na⁺ co-doping enhanced PL intensity by improving energy transfer and reducing non-radiative losses. CIE chromaticity coordinates demonstrated a tunable color shift towards warmer tones with increasing Na⁺ concentration. Thermal stability was assessed through the Arrhenius equation, with an activation energy of 0.31 eV, indicating the material's potential for high-temperature optoelectronic applications. © 2024 Elsevier LtdTUBITAK-1001Turkish Scientific Research Council, (223M036
Performance comparison of fixed-point iteration method and teaching-leaarning based optimisation: A study on nonlinear equation systems
No full textBu çalışma iki ana hedefe odaklanmaktadır. İlk olarak, matematiksel tabanlı sabit nokta iterasyon yöntemi ile metasezgisel öğretme-öğrenme tabanlı optimizasyon yöntemi arasındaki benzerlikler ve farklılıklar sunulmuştur. İkinci olarak, bu iki yöntemin karmaşık bir doğrusal denklem sisteminin çözümünü bulmadaki performansı karşılaştırılmaktadır. Bu sayede diğer araştırmacılar, daha önce yazarlar tarafından sırasıyla ve 'te tartışılan sonuçlar arasında bir karşılaştırma yapabilecek ve gelecekteki araştırmalarında bu sonuçları kullanarak gerekli optimizasyon yöntemini seçme konusunda fikir sahibi olabileceklerdir.Gökhan ÇUVALCIOĞL
Analysis of the accessibility of web pages for Information and Document Management Departments in Türkiye
No full textÜniversitelerin web sayfaları, bilgiye erişim, akademik süreçlerin yönetimi ve iletişim açısından önemli bir işlev görmektedir. Erişilebilir web sayfaları, farklı yeteneklere sahip bireylerin dijital kaynaklara eşit şartlarda ulaşabilmesini sağlayarak, bilgiye erişim hakkını genişletmekte ve bu alanda dijital kapsayıcılığı artırmaktadır. Web sayfalarının erişilebilirlik düzeyinin incelenmesi, üniversitelerin sunduğu dijital hizmetlerin kalitesinin ve kullanılabilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi açısından da önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 14 üniversitenin Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi (BBY) bölümlerine ait web ana sayfalarının erişilebilirliği dört otomatik web erişilebilirlik aracı (TAW, GTmetrix, Broken Link Checker ve The Lighthouse) kullanarak test edilmiştir. Web İçeriği Erişilebilirlik Kılavuzunda (Web Content Accessibility Guidelinesİstanbul Medeniyet Üniversites
Evaluation of older people's presentations to the emergency department with pain during and before the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textBackground: This study aimed to determine the tendency of older adults to present to the emergency department with pain complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study design was used. Data were collected from the electronic medical records of older people who presented to emergency departments with pain before (March 2019-March 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020-July 2021). We identified 10 pain diagnosis groups using ICD-10 codes. Patient data were grouped and cleaned using SQL scripts on the Oracle database. Results: It was determined that 13.3% of 405,404 older people had presented to the emergency department with pain between March 2019 and July 2021. There was a 14.2% decrease in such admissions during the pandemic period. In the study, an increase was observed in the rates of older adults presenting to the emergency department with myalgia and joint pain. In contrast, the rates of those presenting with low back and neck pain, headache, eye pain, dysuria, and acute pain decreased during the pandemic. In the regression analysis, predictors for older adults’ presentation to the emergency department with pain included age over 85 years (OR: 1.403), female gender (OR: 1.053), and myalgia (OR: 2.471). Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, our study revealed fewer presentations to the emergency department for pain-related complaints. To prevent severe health problems from delayed care, we recommend expanding telemedicine, remote pain management, and home-based care. Further research is needed to examine the long-term effects of increased myalgia and joint pain. © 202
Serverless federated learning: Decentralized spectrum sensing in heterogeneous networks
No full textFederated learning (FL) has gained more popularity due to the increasing demand for robust and efficient mechanisms to ensure data privacy and security during collaborative model training in the concept of artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML). This study proposes an advanced version of FL without the central server, called a serverless or decentralized federated learning framework, to address the challenge of cooperative spectrum sensing in non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) environments. The framework leverages local model aggregation at neighboring nodes to improve robustness, privacy, and generalizability. The system incorporates weighted aggregation based on distributional similarity between local datasets using Wasserstein distance. The results demonstrate that the proposed serverless federated learning framework offers a satisfactory performance in terms of accuracy and resilience
The effect of white noise and recorded lullaby during breastfeeding on newborn stress, mother's breastfeeding success, and comfort: A randomized controlled trial
No full textPurpose: The study was aimed at determining the effect of exposure to white noise and recorded lullaby during breastfeeding on newborn stress, mother's breastfeeding success, and comfort. Design and methods: This single-blinded and three-parallel group randomized controlled study consisted of mothers who had given birth and whose newborns were at a hospital in Turkey. Seventy-five participants completed the study. They were assigned to white noise, lullaby, and control groups in equal numbers. Each group included 25 women. The questionnaires included descriptive characteristics of mothers, the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, the Newborn Stress Scale, and the Visual Analog Scale. During the breastfeeding process, the newborn and mother listened to white noise and lullaby for approximately 15 min. The newborn stress and mothers' level of comfort were assessed before and after the interventions. The breastfeeding success of the mother assessed with the LATCH was completed within the first 15 min of breastfeeding. Results: The mean scores obtained from the Newborn Stress Scale by the mothers in the lullaby group and white noise group decreased significantly after the intervention. A significant difference was also observed in the control group. There were also significant differences between the changes in the mothers' comfort level of all groups. There were significant differences between the changes in the LATCH scores of the groups. Conclusion: Both white noise and recorded lullaby significantly reduced newborn stress, and increased mother's comfort in the early postpartum period. Practice implications: Music should be used as a nonpharmacological method to improve breastfeeding success in newborns. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.Ethical Committee of İzmir Bakırçay University, (06.09.2023, 1168/1148