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Pilotkampagne «Talents in Science»: Science Industries Switzerland
No full textUnsere Industrien sind auf hochqualifizierte Fachkräfte angewiesen. Die Suche nach jungen Nachwuchstalenten ist jedoch eine Herausforderung. Deshalb hat scienceindustries zusammen mit dem Bildungsverbund aprentas, Roche sowie weiteren Mitgliederunternehmen eine Pilotkampagne zur Bewerbung der Ausbildung «Chemie und Pharmatechnolog/in EFZ» lanciert
Water-soluble and Water-dispersible Polymers Used in Commercial Agricultural Formulations: Inventory of Polymers and Perspective on their Environmental Fate
Get PDFAgricultural formulations contain water-soluble and water-dispersible polymers (WSPs and WDPs) to increase the application efficiency of the active ingredients (e.g. pesticides and fertilizers). Despite their direct release to soils and crops, there is currently no inventory of used polymers and their fate in soils is poorly studied and understood. Herein, we identify WSPs and WDPs used in agricultural formulations on the German and Swiss markets. By searching the scientific literature, patents, and manufacturer websites, we tentatively identified that 233 of the 1815 listed trade names of formulation additives contained polymers, the majority of which belonged to three main chemical classes: polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based (co)polymers, functionalized polysaccharides (PSacs), and vinylic (co)polymers (VCPs). We report information on their functionalization, molecular weights, and market significance. In 2015, their estimated combined annual application volume in Switzerland surpassed 100 tonnes. Low molecular weight PEGs and natural, unfunctionalized PSacs reportedly biodegrade, suggesting no accumulation in soils associated with their use as formulation additives. Conversely, high molecular weight functionalized PEGs, functionalized PSacs, and the majority of the VCPs have been reported to undergo only slow or no soil biodegradation. These polymers may thus persist and accumulate in agricultural soils, requiring more detailed investigations of their environmental fate and resulting exposure scenarios. There is a need for systematic studies on the effects of polymer structure, molecular weight, and functionalization on soil biodegradability
Early Assessment of Biodegradability of Small Molecules to Support the Chemical Design in Agro & Pharma R&D
Get PDFThe use of agrochemical and pharmaceutical active ingredients is essential in our modern society. Given the increased concern and awareness of the potential risks of some chemicals, there is a growing need to align with ‘green chemistry’ and ‘safe and sustainable by design’ principles and thus to evaluate the hazards of agrochemical and pharmaceutical active ingredients in early stages of R&D. We give an overview of the current challenges and opportunities to assess the principle of biodegradability in the environment. Development of new medium/high-throughput methodologies, combining predictive tools and wet-lab experimentation are essential to design biodegradable chemicals early in the active ingredient discovery and selection process
Summer School Report: Jyväskylä Summer School Course on Ultrafast Spectroscopy: Jyväskylä, Finland, August 7–11, 2023
Get PDFThe 32nd edition of the Jyväskylä Summer School (JSS32) was in high demand for the ultrafast spectroscopy chapter. On August 7–11 2023 nearly 40 students gathered to Jyväskylä to tune in for the JSS32 course entitled UltrafastSpectroscopy: phenomena, experiments and data analysis methods. The course was coordinated by Senior Lecturer Tatu Kumpulainen and featured lectures each morning from two invited speakers, Prof. Eric Vauthey, University of Geneva, Switzerland, and Assoc. Prof. Jens Uhlig, Lund University, Sweden. In addition to the lectures, the course featured four workshops in the afternoons aimed at introducing the participants to the practical aspects of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies. Besides the scientific content, JSS32 offered several social events where participants could network with other participants of the whole summer school
Molecular Complexity for Chemical Reactions: Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology Highlights
No full textA new method is presented on how to calculate molecular complexity for chemical reactions by the fractal dimension of educts and products. Two pathways for the total synthesis of strychnine were compared. Significant differences in the two synthesis pathways were reflected by reaction complexity. These results demonstrate that reaction complexity is a powerful measure to group chemical reactions beyond substructural changes