International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
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DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Get PDFThis paper investigates the distributional effects of international trade using a panel data set from sixty-five developing economies from 1970 to 2015. The study contributes into the literature on trade and inequality by highlighting the heterogeneity of developing economies in shaping the distributional effects of international trade. The empirical analysis shows that the inequality effect of trade differs between developing economies at different stages of economic development. The high-income developing economies benefit from the trade in terms of inequality-narrowing effect of the trade while low income economies suffer from increasing trade due to inequality-widening effect of the trade. In sum, international trade accentuates, not ameliorates, inequality in low income developing economies. Furthermore, the Kuznets Curve does not hold in poor economies. Our findings are shown to be robust to different specifications, alternative econometrics techniques, control variables and sub-samples
Testing for Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pollution Haven Hypothesis: A Continental Analysis
Get PDFEnvironmental pollution and sustainable development have become major concerns for policy makers as both may not be achieved simultaneously. On one hand, economic growth and foreign direct investments (FDI) are necessary for the countries to prosper. On the other hand, economic growth and FDI are related with environmental pollution which affects atmosphere at global level and poses threat to all those who share common environment. To address this concern, this study tests the validly of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) for CO2 emission. The study uses cross-sectional as well as panel data for a sample of 42 countries from three continents (Asia, Africa and Europe) and covers the period from 1990 to 2014. The study applies ordinary least square, pooled OLS, fixed effect model, random effect and twostage least square techniques to estimate the models. The study finds that energy use and globalization positively impact pollution when estimated for full sample. Moreover, the study suggests that EKC holds for full sample, Asia, and Europe while results do not confirm EKC for Africa continent. Besides, the study finds that PHH does not sustain in any of the three continents. The study suggests that use of cleaner energy should be promoted to mitigate CO2 emission. Therefore, the policy makers should design alternative policies for Africa to reduce global environmental degradation
Community Empowerment through Entrepreneurial Training; Ensuring Sustainable Community Economic Development in Uganda
Get PDFThis study has been conducted among market vendors at Gaba, a suburb located on the shores of Lake Victoria, ganda. The study was intended to equip the market vendors with managerial and entrepreneurial skills to enable them to improve their productivity. The study was phenomenological in nature and the voice of the participants was central. A mixed method approach was utilized whereby tests, hands-on projects and individual interviews were carried out with the identified research group. The findings of the study indicated that there was strong necessity to train or equip people in Small and Medium Businesses Enterprises (SMEs) with entrepreneurship skills. Recommendations made in this study include: Implore both Government and Non- Governmental Organizations and individuals to get involved and support this program; that universities and higher institutions of learning put policies and practices in place in order to support the older cohort of students
HRM Practices and Innovation Capabilities in the Hotel Industry: Mediating Role of Human and Social Capital
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to investigate the effect of human resource management (HRM) functions on innovation capabilities through mediation of intellectual capital. This study has also tried to examine the effect of HRM practices on both components of intellectual capital: human and social capital. This study has been carried in the hotel industry of Pakistan. A random sample of 300 hotel HR managers was collected in Lahore, Pakistan. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the most important relationships. Findings show that HRM practices: recruitment and selection, training and development, and information technology are positively related to human and social capital. Moreover, findings reveal that there is positive relation between human and social capital, and innovation capabilities. Finally, findings show that human and social capital fully mediates the relation between HRM practices and innovation capabilities. These findings could be of greater importance for the companies working in hotel industry. This study could help the managers in realizing that firms can increase competitive advantage based on innovation by managing their intangible assets (human and social capital)
Assessing The Moderated- Mediation Paradigm Of Organizational Performance In The Textile Sector Of Pakistan
Get PDFResilience is a subject that has obtained a lot of attention among those responsible for performance and wellbeing in organizations, as the work environment becomes increasingly challenging and uncertain. Despite its potential benefits in a wide range of circumstances, organizational resilience capacity received scant attention in relation to managing the various uncertainties in the global business environment. Entrepreneurial orientation and quality culture of organizations serve as antecedents of organizational resilience capacity and thus foster organizational performance, subsequently leading to the survival of organizations in the long run. Quantitative method of analysis has been applied and data have been collected by 308 managers from the textile sector. Data has been collected through systematic random sampling. The findings suggest that the role of entrepreneurial orientation and quality culture are essential in determining the organizational resilience capacity and business performance. The implications of this study will facilitate the managers for policy decision making in order to maintain organizational sustainability and continuity in the changing and instable environment. It further implicates guidelines and procedures for innovation and transformation. The study provides a quantitative measure of resilience capacity for the textile sector in order to assess the organization‟s capacity to survive in the face of stiff market competition that further provides preventive measures for corporate woes
The Effect of Stock Markets of Major Developed Countries on Pakistan Stock Market
Get PDFThe study tests the relationship among stock markets of selected developed countries and Pakistan stock market for 12 years from the period Jan. 1994 to Dec. 2016. The objective of this research is to analyze the long-run relationship of stock markets of USA, Japan, and Australia with Pakistan stock market. Researcher includes KSE 100 Index as dependent variable and S&P 500, ASX 200, and Nikkei 225 as independent variable for this particular study and applies Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test (ADFT), Co integration test, OLS regression and VECM test on secondary data of weekly index prices with total observation of 1200 to find out long run and causal relation between selected variables. Results of models indicate that models are valid and are applicable in the stock markets of selected countries. By applying these tests researchers conclude that all independent and dependent variables have a positive and significant relationship during the proposed period of this particular study
The Influence of behavioural biases on Investment Decision Making: A Moderating Role of Religiosity among Pakistani Investors
Get PDFThis research study evaluated the extent to which psychological factors (overconfidence, confirmation bias) effect on investor’s decision-making process. The ultimate objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of psychological factors on investor investment decision making. To achieve this objective, this study used quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design. Survey was used to collect the data. Questionnaires were distributed among the individual investors and brokers of stock exchange in Pakistan. Smart PLS 3 was used to analyse the data. It was found that overconfidence and confirmation bias have significant effect on investors investment decision making. Moreover, it is found that religiosity has moderating effect between the psychological factors and investors’ investment decision making. Majorly, the current study contributed by investigating the moderating role of religiosity between psychological factors and investor investment decision making
Has Globalization Changed Lifestyles? A Case Study Of Punjab, Pakistan
Get PDFIn the past few decades, some remarkable developments in the fields of information technology, transportation and communication have led to the development of closer contacts between people all around the world. As a result of these developments and increased global integration, the world has started experiencing the effects of globalization more intensely than ever. The present study considers how, in response to globalization, respondents (from the three big cities, namely Lahore, Multan, and Rawalpindi, of province Punjab, Pakistan) with different socio-demographic profiles experience a varying degree of changes in their overall life patterns. The results show that individuals who are more educated and belong to the higher income group experience more prominent changes in their overall life patterns. The effect of globalization on the overall life of patterns of females and youngsters was, however, not found to be significant
The Outcomes of Research and Development (R&D) Centers in Public Sector Universities of Pakistan
Get PDFDespite widespread practices, high productivity of R&D centers has been lacking in higher education institutions. Present article reports that R&D centers are bit active in providing human resource management, skilled manpower and research experts to society and research institutions accordingly. But, these are not playing an effective role in making need-based assessments of research projects, providing trained manpower to local industry, preparing expert artisans for strengthening labor market, developing bridge between research institutions and community, and facilitating public sector institutions through research activities. The province-wise and discipline-wise comparison of R&D centers points out that their progress varies from province to province as well as from discipline to discipline. The study identifies major causes of low productivity and suggests solutions
FOREIGN TOURISM AND POVERTY IN PAKISTAN: AN APPLICATION OF ARDL APPROACH
Get PDFThis paper is an attempt to investigate the empirical relationship between tourism and poverty in Pakistan using the data from 1972 to 2016 by employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. Bounds testing procedure shows that there exists a long run relationship between tourism and poverty. The findings of the study show that tourism reduces the poverty in Pakistan. The study also gives some policies to promote tourism in Pakistan