International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
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Semiotic Approach Towards Analyzing TV Advertisements: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Get PDFAbstractPurpose - This research aims to uncover the ideologies and ethical perspectives behind electronic advertisements shown in Pakistan. The study examines the role of media adverts with an emphasis on stereotypic gender representation and spread of distorted information in shaping the minds of consumers through symbolic images and visual content. Design/methodology/approach - The current study is based on Peirce’s Semiotic Theory in 1860s, which analyzes the signs and visuals in mainstream television advertisements and unravel the social or cultural contexts underlying advertising discourse. Grounded in the theoretical framework of critical interpretation of electronic media, advertisements were interpreted using Semiotics and visuals features. The data for this study consists of three selected commercial broadcasts chosen randomly from all commercials aired on Pakistan’s most viewed TV channels (ARY, PTV, Geo, and Express). Lastly, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has been used to critically examine TV advertisements to explore that how advertisers construct ideologies about gender stereotypes through signs, icons, and symbols. Findings – The findings revealed that electronic advertisements mostly represent gender roles stereotyping and promote unethical values against Islamic ideologies in Pakistan. Through the lens of Critical Discourse, it was found that advertisement’s content and symbols create meanings and convey the message with false narratives to consumers violating the ethical code of advertisements under the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) Pakistan. Originality/ value - The media revolution unfolds severe issues like women\u27s objectification, ultra-modern culture, and misrepresentation of Islamic values. To date, many researchers have investigated the influence of advertisements on consumers in Western countries, but the Critical Semiotic Analysis of TV advertisements in complying with Islamic ideologies is never studied in Pakistan’s context. Practical Implications - The outcomes of this study will help advertising firms, Policymakers, and PEMRA by providing them with deep insights and knowledge about the perception of consumers and helping them to take strict measures to avoid anti-Islamic content that creates harm to Islamic values and civilization
The Role of Brand Love and Co-Creation on Word-of-Mouth Communication inBrand love and the Telecommunication Sector of Pakistan: Mediation of Brand Association and Brand Loyalty
No full textBranding is an important factor in developing WOM communication, especially in the telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between brand co-creation, brand love, and Word-of-Mouth communication, where the role of brand loyalty and brand association was studied in mediation. The researcher has implemented a quantitative design and used the five-Likert scale questionnaires as a research instrument. A total of 296 questionnaires have been included in the study, and the variable associations were evaluated based on mediation and path analysis. The results indicate a significant association between brand love, co-creation branding, and Word-of-Mouth communication by customers, showing that brand love is a stronger antecedent in the generation of word-of-mouth communication by the customers. The mediation results were also positive, showing that brand association and brand loyalty influence the relationship of brand love, co-creation branding, and Word-of-Mouth communications. The study is novel from the standpoint that the study has introduced the mediation of brand loyalty and brand association in the brand experience and Word-of-Mouth association, thus deepening the understanding of factors affecting the word-of-mouth communication of the customers.
Keywords: Telecommunication Sector, Word-of-Mouth communication, co-creation branding, Pakistan
Job Satisfaction through Performance Appraisal: Moderating Role of Locus of Control
Get PDFThis research paid attention to Performance appraisal as the administration uses these tools. The research is on Performance appraisal and employee job satisfaction and analyzes the moderating role of locus of control (LOC) between performance appraisal and employee job satisfaction. Building on cross-sectional data of white-collar employees (N=214) from several organizations, we apply regression analysis that allows us to more thoroughly evaluate the causality of formal performance appraisals PAs on employee job satisfaction paralleled to earlier “cross-sectional” research. Performance appraisal positively influences job satisfaction, and LOC moderates the link between performance appraisal and employees\u27 overall job satisfaction. Moreover, the study is required to apply internal and external locus of control as well as estimate the causal effects of Performance appraisals related to monetary and non-monetary consequences. Performance appraisals (PA) are considered a helpful human resource management instrument that workers recognize well. PA is a major cause of job satisfaction. This requires that the system be known for the effectiveness of appraisals when preparing performance appraisal structures. The study has been inclined to pay more attention to the association between the formal Performance Appraisal process and employee job satisfaction and the indirect effect of locus of control. Organizations need to acknowledge the importance of Performance Appraisal, which is a robust HR management tool
How does Corporate and Shariah Governance Influence the Default Risk: A Mediating Role of Risk Committee
Get PDFThe recent financial crises, corporate scandals, complexity of financial services offered by the banking industry, and growth rate of Islamic banking are steeply increasing in developed and developing economies like Pakistan. The present study proposed that ownership structure, board structure, and Shariah governance use the agency theory and Maqsidal-Shariah as underpinning theories. Moreover, the present study proposed the role risk committee as mediating between the association of ownership, board structure, Shariah governance, and default risk. The empirical findings of present study reveal that ownership structure and board structure are significantly linked with default risk. The findings also reveal that Shariah governance is significantly associated with the default risk of Islamic banks operating in Pakistan. Moreover, the risk committee is significantly linked with the default risk of Islamic bank of Pakistan. Furthermore, findings reveal that risk committee significance mediates the association between Shariah governance and default risk. However, the risk committee fails to mediate the association between ownership, board structure, and default risk of Islamic banks operating in Pakistan. The present study\u27s findings will facilitate the managers, shareholders, investors, policymakers, and regulatory authorities in understanding the role of ownership, board structure, Shariah governance, risk committee, and default risk of Islamic banks operating in Pakistan. Future studies need to consider the role of leverage, bank size, CEO financial background, and audit committee to explain the model better
REVIVING THE PAKISTANI SYSTEM – E-BUSINESS CAPABILITIES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE
Get PDFIn today’s turbulent environment, we have observed a considerable increase in the volume of E-business and E-commerce locally and globally. These two factors have changed the whole business spectrum. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that can improve firm’s performance in the present IToriented scenario. This study explains how firm’s performance is dependent on IT. The factors of E-business capabilities are IT infrastructure, IT expertise, strategic IT alignment, market orientation, and business process. The literature review provides the framework for the research model and hypotheses. Data was gathered from the services and manufacturing sectors through a questionnaire consisting of 31 items. This research is especially designed for firms. 400 questionnaires were distributed among managers. Data from 310 respondents were used to estimate the proposed model. Regression analysis was carried out for testing hypotheses. This study acknowledges the appropriate description of E-business capabilities for firm’s performance, that is, how IT resources affect the firm’s performance in the service and manufacturing sectors. This study has practical implications that could be beneficial for the services and manufacturing sectors to enhance their firm’s performanc
DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER RETAIL FORMAT CHOICE BETWEEN TRADITONAL AND MODERN RETAILERS IN PAKISTAN
Get PDFThe retail sector is experiencing a transformation with the entry of modern retailers in Pakistan. As a result, now consumers have a choice of shopping either at traditional or modern retailers. The study is aimed at finding out the determinants of consumer retail format choice between traditional and modern retailers. To this end, primary data were collected through personal interviews of 250 respondents who were intercepted randomly while shopping at different retail places in Lahore and Faisalabad - the two highly populated and major cities in Pakistan. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and binary logit model were employed for the analysis of data. Results indicated age, being accompanied with family while shopping, income and five store-related attributes such as store design and environment, promotion, product quality, employee behavior and location as the important determinants of consumer retail format choice in Pakistan. The study recommends that traditional retailers need to upgrade their businesses and align themselves with changing consumer preferences. Modern retailers should make their store design and environment more attractive, ensure product quality and improve promotional strategies and employee responsiveness for enhancing their customer base. Findings can be useful to the strengthening of both the retail formats in Pakistan
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP: Muhammad Atif Bashir, Shakeel Sarwar, Muhammad Rizwan, Waseem Ahmad Khan
No full textThis study outlines an inclusive review of past studies on “entrepreneurial leadership (EL)”. A systematic literature review (SLTR) is an accredited approach for producing the trustworthy understandings from an evidence based technique. The approach of SLTR used in this study is conducted stepwise for providing the support to conceptual development of EL. The review method of this research conduct begins with keywords’ identification collected from the panel of review. These search strings were then utilized in nine databases that were considered as highly suitable for the research in management field. These databases include: Emerald, JSTOR, Sage journals, Science direct, Springer link, Taylor and Francis, Web of Knowledge, and Wiley online library. To obtain the relevant articles, titles and abstracts were screened out based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. The references and citations of chosen papers were scrutinized to decide their exclusion and inclusion. Initially, 216 articles in total were recognized that were further refined in the process of review. Duplicate papers chosen from given databases were then filtered out. In the end, the study has selected 97 papers that were suitable for the review and analysis. The findings of this paper sustenance the conclusion that EL is an important determinant that enhances organizational performance across competitive and turbulent atmospheres. Though, what is indistinct is the magnitude to which the EL attributes recognized are pertinent in a specific context. The research results highlight the manifold attributes relevant to EL like vision, risk-taking, effective communication, creativity and innovativeness. It has been seen that while the SLTR procedures came up with a exhaustive review of the past studies on EL, the effectiveness of the literatures is restricted to the search specific sentence strings used in the databases. Based on the SLTR, recommendations and future suggestions with specific reference to emerging countries are propose
INVESTIGATING ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG THE YOUTH OF KARACHI: EVIDENCE FROM PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE-STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING
Get PDFIn this interconnected and interdependent world, entrepreneurship is an important driving factor for a person\u27s success and the sustainable socioeconomic growth of any country\u27s economy. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate and identify the perspective and behavior of youth towards entrepreneurial intention with the help of the Smart PLS_SEM Model technique to explore the main factors that impact entrepreneurial intention. The data sample size of 300 respondents has been collected from different university students studying, doing a job, and doing business. The study’s independent variables are attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, pro-activeness, risk-taking, and innovativeness, which are being focused on for PLS-SEM Based modeling to obtain insight into the youth’s intentions Karachi. All the variables show statistically significant results on entrepreneurial intention. Attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, pro-activeness, risk-taking and innovativeness are the significant predictors of youth entrepreneurial intention
IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES FOR THE UNIVERSITIES OF PAKISTAN KEEPING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT CAPACITY AS MEDIATOR
Get PDFEffective and efficient management of human resource was always considered vital for attaining success and sustainable competitive advantages by any organization, but in today’s emerging economies of knowledge, the importance of knowledge management capacity has also emerged as an important ingredient. The institutions of higher education (HEIs) are considered to be the knowledge creating organizations, where the most vital resource for success and sustainability is human capital. Since knowledge management capacity is still an emerging concept in Pakistan, the aim of this paper was to conduct an empirical Study about the effect of knowledge management capacity (KMC) on the relationship of human resource management (HRM) practices and sustainable competitive advantages (SCA) acquired by institutions of higher education in Pakistan, with the help of knowledge-based view (KBV) and resource-based view (RBV). The results of this paper indicate that HRM practices can help HEIs to attain SCA directly as well as indirectly through KMC, which can ultimately help the policy makers of academia to concentrate and made substantial efforts to improve the knowledge management capacity of educational institutions. Future researchers and managers of academia can be benefited from this research as it added to the current knowledge about HRM practices and its effect on KMC of faculty along with attaining sustainable competitiveness
LEISURE INVOLVEMENT AND PLACE ATTACHMENT ON SHOPPING MALL REVISIT INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF QUALITY OF LIFE
Get PDFThis study investigates the impact of leisure involvement, and place attachment on revisit intention with the mediating role of quality of life. This survey was composed of 300 individuals in a shopping mall in Lahore, Pakistan. The data was analyzed through Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that leisure involvement and quality of life predict the place attachment and customers revisit intention. The results show the positive and significant relationship between leisure involvement (LI) and quality of life (QOL); leisure involvement (LI) with place attachment (PA); revisit intention (RI) and QOL with place attachment and revisit intention. The study advances in theory explaining the mediating role of quality of life in consumption in Shopping Malls and presents managerial recommendations that can be applied during and after Covid-19