International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
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Analyzing The Effect of Foreign Capital Movements on Human Development in Developing Countries: A System GMM Approach
Get PDFForeign Capital Inflows (FCIs) have been playing a robust role in economic growth and development of the capital-deficient developing economies. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), workers’ remittances, and Official Development Assistance (ODA) are the major FCIs for developing economies. Previous empirical studies have concluded mixed impacts of such flows on human development in recipient economies. The present study examines the impacts of FDI, remittances, and ODA flows on human development in a larger panel of 71 developing economies from 2001 to 2019 using the system GMM econometric technique. The results show a positive and statistically significant impact of FDI and remittances on human development measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). Whereas, ODA has been found to have a negative impact on human development in selected developing economies. In addition, the study also concludes the positive impact of GDP and governance indicators on the human development of these economies. The findings of the study provide a comprehensive insight into the roles of FCIs in setting the human development trajectory of the developing economies. It provides guidelines for the policymakers and the governments to frame feasible and efficient policies to achieve the objective of human development in capital-starved developing countries
Exploring the Impact of Socio-economic Indicators on Economic Growth of Pakistan
Get PDFSince independence, Pakistan has faced many economic problems. Social and administrative issues have been an obstacle to its economic growth. Economic, social, and administrative problems have amalgamated and engulfed the whole nation like an epidemic. Being the most critical issue, bad governance is destroying the economy in many ways. Poor governance negatively contributes to the empirics of economic growth through increased poverty directly and through increased social evils, such as crimes, indirectly. The present study has used the Three Stages Least Square (3SLS) estimation technique to examine the role of governance in stimulating economic growth by considering important socio-economic variables like poverty and crime. The study results suggest that poor governance is contributing to increasing poverty in Pakistan, which is, in turn, raising crime rates drastically. Since high crime rates slow down the economic pace of the economy, improved governance, increased employment opportunities, mobilization of private investment, and diversion of public investment to rural areas are essential for promoting economic growth
Entrepreneurship in Spain: An Analysis Based on GEI Model:
Get PDFThis paper has analyzed the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Spain, using the GEI (global entrepreneurship index). In this paper, first, the existing literature on entrepreneurship in Spain is reviewed, followed by a review of the EE concept (Entrepreneurial Ecosystem). After that, the level of entrepreneurship in Spain is analyzed with the help of indicators such as Self-employment and TEA. To analyze both individual and institutional indicators, the GEI (Global Entrepreneurship Index) has been utilized. The EE in Spain is compared with France and Germany, it is found that Spain is lagging in 12 pillars of GEI sub-indices in contrast with these countries. Then based on Penalty for Bottleneck methodology, policy suggestions have been made for Spain
Modeling the Impact of Political Institutions on Energy Security: Evidence from High-Income Countries
Get PDFEnergy security has always been the most crucial objective for nations seeking sustainable economic growth. The present study examined the impact of political institutions on energy security using panel data from 34 high-income countries for the years 2000–2018. To investigate the mechanisms through which political variables affect energy security, the study took into account the roles of economic growth, trade, financial development, and urbanization. For the empirical estimation of the research’s objective, Panel robust Driscoll-Kraay standard error technique and Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test are used. Empirical findings demonstrated the positive effects of trade, economic growth, and financial development on energy security. Particularly, political institutions have a positive impact on energy security in the sample nations. However, the findings showed urbanization has a negative influence on energy security. Additionally, there is a two-way causal link between trade, financial development, and energy security. The study suggested that more green investment in the energy sector for sustainable development might be a result of strong political institutions
Consumer Behavior in Islamic Perspective: An Empirical Analysis
Get PDFPakistan is an Islamic country and the current paper is an attempt to investigate empirically whether Islamic consumer theory is being applied in this country or not. This study has used a set of questionnaires distributed to all general consumers working in different walks of life in the city of Lahore. Cronbach Alpha test is used to check the reliability and internal consistency of all variables in the questionnaire. In order to draw conclusions, percentage of respondents’ method has been used in SPSS. Results indicated that consumers in Pakistan follow Sharia rules moderately during consumption of goods and services, embrace Halal goods and services, and prefer to live a simple life, to some extent believe in wealth accumulation and believe that excessive accumulation of wealth induces them to lead an unnecessary luxurious life. Moreover, they frequently give donations to the needy, and somewhat consider the problems being faced by other consumers. They usually do not support a luxurious life when their siblings or neighbors are poor. They sometimes consider the life hereafter and control their wants during consumption of goods and services. Most of the people consider ethics in their consumption pattern and believe that absence of ethics is the major reason of defect of modern economics. Besides, most of the respondents are of the opinion that modern economics should include religious tools to get better outcomes. It is also concluded that they believe that social, moral and religious mechanisms are important with other economic programs and instruments in order to alleviate poverty. This study is important for the national and international producers, marketers and sellers who would like to sell their goods and services in Pakistan. Producers can produce goods and services by considering widespread Islamic consumption behavior in Pakistan in their production process. Marketers and sellers can attract mainstream consumers by depicting Islamic consumption pattern while marketing their products and services. To the best of my knowledge, no research in the past has been done to find out empirically Islamic consumer behavior for Pakistan
How Quality Management Practices Lead Innovation in Higher Education: A Framework for Universities\u27 Sustainability in Pakistan
Get PDFQuality management practices play a vital role in the sustainability of an institution, while timely innovation is a significant factor that leads toward sustainable performance. That is why this study aims to explore the importance of quality management practices for sustainable performance of higher education institutions in Pakistan with the mediating role of innovation and strategy. This study also checked the influence of state and government policies. The data was collected from 353 respondents, i.e., the Pakistani universities\u27 academic staff, and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0. Empirical findings stated that soft and hard, both quality management practices have a significant impact on sustainable performance while innovation and strategy play indirectly to make more contributions to the sustainability of higher education institutions. However, state and government policies strengthen the soft perspective of management practices for sustainability but do not significantly contribute to hard practices. This study is one of the initial types of research which provides empirical evidence in the higher education context of Pakistan to make sustainable institutional performance with the help of soft and hard quality management practices. Moreover, this study stated that directors with modern thinking should concentrate on both quality management practices and innovation in accordance with the proposed models to enhance sustainable performance, especially in emerging economies
Exploring Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing Strategies: A Qualitative Study from Pakistan Football Industry
Get PDFPurpose: This study has explored the knowledge acquisition and sharing processes operative in the football industry of Sialkot, Pakistan. This study has focused on how these firms could adopt new means of technologically advanced football processes. Knowledge acquisition, dissemination, and conversion have remained unexplored in the football production processes.
Study design: The qualitative research methodology was used, and the grounded theory approach was applied. Using semi-structured interviews, data were collected from 15 informants, including CEOs, managers, and owners. Purposive sampling was used to select the informants. This was a cross-sectional study with an inductive approach. Gioia (2013) methodology was used to analyze the data in grounded theory.
Findings: Data structure developed from the interviews produced three aggregate dimensions, namely strategic position, knowledge acquisition & strategic fit, and knowledge sharing. Data analysis reveals that football producing firms have invented state of the art technology and upgraded their operations according to the changing production requirements. These firms have earned a competitive advantage based on their dynamic capabilities, research & development, innovation and rich history of football production
Factors Affecting Supply Chain Resiiliency- Its Impact Over Supply Chain Performance and Customer Value - A Case Study of Pharmaceutical Industry
Get PDFThe supply chain structure of the pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan was investigated in this research study. It was hypothesized that supply chain systems were failing because they lacked adequate architecture to handle the demands of the business environment in which they operate. Because of global sourcing and distribution, manufacturing has become more interdependent, dynamic, and unpredictable. Pharmaceutical supply chains have become more complicated as a result, increasing the number of parties involved and the degree of uncertainty that may be placed on the networks that deliver pharmaceutical goods. Only when it comes to timely delivery and the correct location at the right time is this sector truly relevant. A difficult and competitive business environment has resulted from this reality; pharmaceutical businesses are now looking for operational status that will help them improve their supply chain operations. The impact of SCR (Supply Chain Reliability) in Pakistan\u27s pharmaceutical business is the focus of this article. It is the goal of this study to identify approaches and generate information about the degree of supply chain resilience and the determinants of relational competences of upstream and downstream supply chains, as well as the role of internal integration in making the pharmaceutical supply chain robust
An Understanding of the Agripreneurial Knowledge and Motivation among Gambian Young Agripreneurs
Get PDFAgripreneurship is a new buzzword in the discourse on economic development. It is a new global idea aiming to change agriculture from a subsistence sector to a competitive business. The primary objective of this study is to document the level of knowledge of young agripreneurs. The study also assesses factors that stimulated their interest in initiating agribusiness ventures in The Gambia. To achieve this, survey data were collected from 384 young agripreneurs using a self-administered questionnaire in five agricultural zones in the Gambia. Data were analyzed using descriptive factor and k-mean cluster analyses. The findings indicated that the respondents had a medium knowledge of all agripreneurial behavioral components used in the study. Based on the push-pull anchor framework, we found that young agripreneurs about family misfortune, lack of job opportunities, dismissal from the previous job, poverty (push factors), low financial status, economic independence and the pursuit of self-actualization (push factors), opportunities in agriculture and the encouragement from the government (mooring factors) all play a significant role in the motivation to pursue agripreneurship. Furthermore, the results of the cluster analysis revealed four distinct groups of young farmers: ambitious agripreneurs, financial reward seekers, agribusiness lovers, and social protectors. Kruskal Wallis and post hoc tests indicated statistically significant differences between groupings. These findings suggest that for policymakers to understand the potential of the agripreneurship sector, it is a need to pay close attention to the level of knowledge and motivations of agripreneurs in order to design appropriate policies for greater participation of youth in agripreneurship. Implications for theory, as well as limitations and potential future directions, were discussed
Testing The Validity of Postmodern Theory of Portfolio from Market Based Model: An Empirical Evidence from Emerging Economy of Pakistan
Get PDFThis study is aimed to test the validity of the postmodern theory of portfolio with the help of the market-based model, and 100 companies’ data has been used for the period 1st Jan, 2005 to 1st Feb, 2021 for listed companies at PSX. The explanatory power of CAPM is tested with the risk measures beta, idiosyncratic risk, semivariance/downside risk (Yildiz & Erzurumlu, 2018) and value at risk (VaR). Results of the GARCH (1,1) model indicates that E(R) DR and E(R) VaR has a significant impact on volatility by adding the-se explanatory measures in the variance equation. Whereas risk parameters significantly impact volatility, as shown by adding explanatory measures in the mean equation. The estimated returns and risk indicators of both global and local companies have essential explanatory capacity. In contrast, results suggest that to the MSCI index, the downward market integration is greater, and T-Bill prices may be the dominating factor