PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
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THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IN MALAWI
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Does cooperative membership promote household welfare? What are the determinants of social capital? What are the negative factors arising from social capital? By following a case study approach of two agricultural cooperatives in Malawi, the study focused specifically on rural household welfare to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which social capital impacts rural communities in Malawi. The empirical evidence gathered was directed to uncover social capital both as a determinant factor of household welfare as well as a household socio-demographic factor to capture both its exogeneity and its endogeneity. This research narrows the research gap in Malawi, since until this research, there remained a significant gap in the literature regarding the examination of the relationship between social capital and rural household welfare. This research, therefore, focuses specifically on the relationship between rural household income and social capital by using t-tests, also traditional regression analysis to determine the determinants of social capital. Results indicate that cooperative membership improves household welfare as revealed by the striking disparities in income levels and variability between cooperative members and non-cooperative members. This is attributed to the substantial economic benefits of cooperative membership such as reduced transactional costs and improved market and information access which are available to cooperative members as opposed to non-members, underscoring the role of social capital embedded in groups and cooperatives in contributing to the socio-economic development and poverty alleviation of rural households. Institutional trust, gender, and education emerged as key predictors of social capital underscoring the crucial roles of trust, gender dynamics, and education levels within social networks. This highlights the need for policy interventions that promote education, address gender disparities, and build people’s trust in local, district, and national institutions to enhance social capital among people in rural areas. Financial barriers, power imbalances, and leadership accountability were found to limit the inclusivity and accessibility of the networks by those who are outside as well as contribute to a lack of trust and reduced participation among members, especially those who feel marginalized or excluded
THE NATIONALITY OF THE ARBITRAL SENTENCE IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION: Received: 4th March 2024 Revised: 23rd April 2024, 25th April 2024, 2nd May 2024 Accepted: 22nd April 2024
No full textIn the case of international disputes resolved by means of arbitration, the cross-border effects of the awards are essential for the parties. At first glance, these awards are assimilated to the national court judgements of the state where they were pronounced and are considered foreign court judgements in any other state. Nevertheless, in some cases, the links between the arbitral procedures and the place of pronouncement of the awards are weak or even non-existent, which raises serios doubts over the ability of this specific place to determine the nationality of the arbitral award. The described circumstance is the premise of the present scientific approach, which aims to deepen the analysis of the criteria for determining the nationality of an arbitral award (by a Romanian court), with implications on its cross-border effects, as well as on the procedures that could lead to its dissolution. From a methodological point of view, the research aims, successively, to inventory the applicable legal instruments, to delineate the solutions offered by them, in order to, finally, by overlapping them, provide a comprehensive theory on the determination of the nationality of an arbitral award
ISLAMIST POLITICS AND THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION IN BANGLADESHI NEWSPAPERS: Received: 23rd January 2024 Revised: 7th February 2024, 8th April 2024, 12th April 2024 Accepted: 28th January 2024
No full textThis study aims to examine the representation of an Islamist political party— Islami Andolan Bangladesh (IAB) during their political campaign in the context of the 2023 Barishal City Corporation (BCC) in three Bangladeshi mainstream newspapers— the Daily Star (DS), the Daily Janakantha (DJ) and the New Age (NA). Examining the news articles, photographs and editorials, this study argues that these newspapers sidelined, ignored, and in some cases favored the Islamist party. It also argues that the party IAB uses myth— if you vote for hand-fan (electoral symbol of IAB), Allah and Rasool (prophet Muhammad) will have the votes; and makes voters sewer placing hands on the holy Quran—were unchallenged by the three newspapers. Though the IAB could not win the election, it was expected that mass media as social institutions would come forward with accurate information so that social members would not be misguided. The DS and DJ are found with the propensity to sideline and ignore the IAB and its electioneering. On the contrary, the NA provided balanced news coverage compared to the other dailies. Nonetheless, none of them have challenged the myth that the IAB’s uses of myth that misguided the voters
ANALYSIS ON SUPPORT PROGRAM WITH CONVERSION FROM VACANT HOUSES INTO COMMUNITY BASES: A CASE IN SETAGAYA WARD, TOKYO
Get PDFThe municipal government of Setagaya Ward established a consultation program for individual owners of vacant houses in July 2013 to convert them into useful places for the community. This service aims to match with owners of vacant houses and citizen groups such as non-profit organizations and has established 22 bases for the community in 10 years. The authors found that the majority of them are used for social welfare offering places for children, disabilities, or the elderly. These facts indicate the necessity of the role of the public sector’s program rather than private companies to promote the re-utilization of vacant houses into places of inclusionary use for the community
INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGY AREAS IN SPORTS IN THE DIMENSION OF ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH
Get PDFSports technologies have been in continuous and uninterrupted 'change and development' from the day they first started to emerge until today. With each passing year, sports technologies are developing by taking reference from each other through new technologies. With the development of sports technologies, generations, encounter more 'new and advanced' technologies every day. Sports have an important place in protecting the physical and psychological health of individuals. In addition to physical health, mental health also has an important place in sports. In this respect, the aim of the current research is to examine different technology areas in sports in terms of mental health. For this purpose, as a data collection tool; DergiPark, Higher Education Institution National Thesis Center (YÖKTEZ) and Google Scholar were searched for Turkish sources and Web of Science and PubMed databases for English sources with the keywords "Sport Technology", "Sport Mental Health", "Sport Entertainment" and "Technology Addiction". As a result of the research; it is seen that technology in sports is used for different purposes such as 'entertainment, exercise and performance sports'. In some cases, the use of technology in more equipment or time than needed can create technology addiction in individuals and negatively affect their mental health. On the other hand, it is thought that conscious technology users can transform their existing sports/exercises into an efficient and fun way with sports technologies developed for different purposes. In this respect, it was concluded that, as with all new developing technologies, it is important to determine the needs well when using these technologies and to be a conscious user of sports technologies in terms of mental health
HOW NON-CURRICULAR ARTS ARE USED TO STRENGTHEN THE SOCIAL STATUS OF ENGINEERS: Received: 28th March 2024 Revised: 02nd May 2024 Accepted: 02nd April 2024
No full textThe paper discusses the concept of using non-curricular arts to strengthen the social status of engineers by expanding skillset and perception, building bridges, and connections. While there's no definitive answer of how non-curricular arts are used to strengthen the social status of engineers, the study presents some artistic ways of engagement that can impact engineers' social standing by demonstrating creativity and innovation, communication and storytelling, collaboration, and empathy. The study shows that the impact of non-curricular arts on engineers' social status depends on individual engagement, societal context, and how the artistic pursuit is perceived. While not a guaranteed formula, actively engaging in diverse artistic mediums can certainly contribute to a more well-rounded, respected, and connected image of engineers within society. Finally, the paper presents a comprehensive overview of how non-curricular arts can potentially influence the social status of engineers
THE UTILITY OF CAFÉS IN TOWN FOCUSING ON THE TWO FUNCTIONS OF ‘THE THIRD PLACE’: Received: 8th November 2023 Revised: 20th November 2023, 22nd November 2023 Accepted: 11th November 2023
No full textThis study reconsidered the function of town cafés as ‘the Third Place’ from the two perspectives of "a place for exchange" and "a place for emotional support" for city dwellers and clarified the following three points based on user’s consciousness and state of mind. In Japan, it was found that many people use cafés as a place to work alone or recover as "my place" type, and that "my place" type tends to use Chain cafés. Those who use cafés as a place for socializing in the traditional ‘Oldenburg type’ chose privately owned cafés and were found to be highly dependent on them. People who use cafés tend to have higher well-being-related indicators, especially those who use privately owned cafés, than those who use Chain ones
USE JD-R THEORY TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT—TAKING JOB DEMANDS AS THE MODERATING VARIABLE
Get PDFPast research has proven that employee experience has a positive impact on employee engagement. Based on the conceptual framework of Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) model, this study regards efficient employee experience as a job resource to explore the impact of "employee experience" and” job demands” on employee engagement in organizations. Work requirements are further divided into challenge demand and hindrance demand. This study adopts the experimental design of the scenario method and uses two two-factor independent sample designs, namely 2x2(employee experience is high / employee experience is low x challenging job demands is high / challenging job demands is low) and 2x2(employee experience is high / employee experience is low x hindering job demands is high / hindering job demands is low).A total of 176 valid questionnaires were collected. The research results found that when employee experience is high, employee engagement is higher than when employee experience is low. Employee experience and job demands have an interactive effect on employee engagement. When employee experience is high, employee engagement will be higher when challenging job demands are added than when hindering job demands are added. It is expected that the results of this study can help in theoretical and practical application
HOW THE PARATEXT SURVIVED THE MASTERPIECE
Get PDFThere are 164 survived manuscripts of the masterpiece of the Georgian and world literary heritage The Man in the Panther Skin by Shota Rustaveli (12th century), rewritten in the 17th century and after. The oldest record belongs to the edge of the 16th-17th centuries and the oldest manuscript dates back to 1646.
Before the appearance of the 1st printed version, that is, until 1712, the epic reached in one editorial version, which is clearly not from Rustveli’s hands. All manuscripts containing this edition are preceded by the pseudo-Rustavelian introductory stanza that presents the poem as a secular work differing from the church ideology and writings; which teaches and advises the reader to distance themselves from the secular ideology of Persian origin represented in the epic, and says that monks and nuns are forbidden to pay attention to this ideology, so they mustn't read this text. It is interesting, that only those manuscripts of the epic have survived, which represented this one and only redaction where the text was preceded by a pseudo-Rustavelian stanza.
The detailed information on the manuscripts of The Man in the Panther Skin and the reality which made the pseudo-Rustavelian stanza to be useful in survival of “The Man in the Panther Skin” will be discussed in the current pape
PROVOKING CREATIVITY IN BUSINESS: THE IMPACT OF PROMOTION AND PREVENTION PROBLEM-FRAMING ON CREATIVITY IN THE COVID-19 ERA
Get PDFAmidst the pivotal role of creativity in business survival, particularly accentuated by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, this study puts importance on the managers' influence on guiding employee creativity. Grounded in regulatory focus theory, prior research traditionally favored promotion-focus over prevention-focus in shaping creativity. However, this study challenges this notion by investigating the impact of promotion and prevention problem-framing on creativity and hypothesizing whether previous findings remain robust even in the unprecedented changes brought about by the pandemic. Conducting an online survey with 218 British students, randomly assigned to promotion or prevention conditions, participants generated creative ideas linked to health improvement or maintenance. Unexpectedly, prevention problem-framing exhibited a slightly greater influence on creativity than promotion problem-framing, offering quite a novel perspective. While participants generally reported a relaxed attitude towards the pandemic, awareness of its inherent risks persisted. These findings highlighted the dynamic interplay between problem-framing and creativity, especially in unprecedented situations, emphasizing the need for managerial flexibility in leveraging these dynamics to enhance employee creativity